The Israelis created Hamas.  But before we explore that question, let's start with a more important one.  Let's be honest with ourselves.  If we can look at the situation from beyond the confines of current political discourse, and look at the emperor without his "new" clothes, we all know that Israel does not want peace.  They want all of Palestine, and their belligerent settlement practices confirm that.

But the Israelis are taking advantage of the world's ignorance of the realities in Palestine, and posturing as being willing to talk "peace", only to actually stall that very peace process, so as not to interrupt the further colonization of Palestine.

So anything that can be offered as an excuse, will be.  The most convenient ploy, presented with the sycophantic assistance of the media, is that of "terrorism".

But the masses are naive, and fail to suspect the Machiavellian extremes that certain leaders will resort to to aggrandize their power.  This includes creating a false enemy, in this case, Hamas, whereby the right-wing leadership of the Israelis can point the finger to some "enemy" to blame otehr than themselves for supposedly stalling the process.

The use of Islamic terrorism for the political ends of Western nations is nothing new.  After the collapse of the Ottoman Empire in 1924, the British and Americans stepped in to fill the vacuum by providing their own versions of "Islamic" leaders.  This started with the creation of the Muslim Brotherhood, which was created through a grant from the British.  Under British sponsorship, the Brotherhood flourished, and today represents a sizeable and powerful force in the Islamic world, but most worryingly, as the institution behind almost every act of terror in the name of Islam. 

More correctly, the Brotherhood has been a tool shared my numerous Western intelligence agencies, starting with the Nazis, followed by the CIA, but also the Russians, French, Germans and Israelis.

Since the Truman and Eisenhower administrations, it has been a staple of foreign policy of the Cold War to exploit the Muslim Brotherhood to rally naive Muslims to reject "atheistic" Communism as an arch enemy of Islam.  Ever since, the Americans and others have been able to manage the Brotherhood like a rabid dog on a leash to keep the Communist threat at bay.

With the collapse of the Cold War however, the Brotherhood has been used for new imperial objectives, where they pose as the bogey man which the Americans can chase with their armies into the Middle East and Central Asia, starting with Iraq and Afghanistan.

But, as NSC official Sheila Haslin explained, in a testimony at Senate hearings into illegal fund-raising activities, US policy in the region was to "promote the independence of these oil-rich countries, to in essence break Russia's monopoly control over the transportation of oil from that region, and frankly, to promote Western energy security through diversity of supply."

Israel has also maintained a long-standing relationship with the Muslim Brotherhood, with its most recent manifestation being its participation in the founding of an offshoot organization, Hamas.

According to Robert Dreyfuss, who details the US' troubling relationship with Islamic fundamentalism, in "Devil's Game: How the United States Helped Unleash Fundamentalist Islam":

And beginning in 1967 through the late 1980s, Israel helped the Muslim Brotherhood establish itself in the occupied territories.  It assisted Ahmed Yassin, the leader of the Brotherhood, in creating Hamas, betting that its Islamist character would weaken the PLO.

According to Charles Freeman, a veteran US diplomat and former US ambassador to Saudi Arabia, "Israel started Hamas. It was a project of Shin Bet [Isreali domestic intelligence agency], which had a feeling that they could use it to hem in the PLO."

In 1965, Yassin had been arrested by Egyptian intelligence, but after 1967, when Israel took control of the West Bank and Gaza, Yassin was freed.  In 1973, under approval from Shin Bet, Yassin founded the Islamic Center, and began to establish effective control over hundreds of mosques.  In 1976, Yassin created the Islamic Association, which membership branches throughout the Gaza Srip, and the movement grew.

Israel's formal support for Islamic fundamentalism came with the election of the right-wing Likud party.  In 1978, Begin's new government formally licensed Yassin's Islamic Association, as part of a strategy to undermine the power of the PLO.  One aspect of that strategy was the creation of the Village Leagues, over which Yassin and the Brotherhood exercised much influence.  Up to 200 members of the Leagues were given paramilitary training in Israel, among whom Shin Bet recruited many paid informers.

David Shipler, a former reporter for the New York Times, cites the Israeli military governor of Gaza as boasting that Israel expressly financed the fundamentalists against the PLO:

Politically speaking, Islamic fundamentalists were sometimes regarded as useful to Israel, because they had conflicts with the secular supporters of the PLO.  Violence between the two groups erupted occasionally on West Bank university campuses, and the Israeli military governor of the Gaza Strip, Brigadier General Yitzhak Segev, once told me how he had financed the Islamic movement as a counterweight to the PLO and the Communists.  'The Isreali Government gave me a budget and the military government gives to the mosques,' he said.

As Dreyfuss notes, "during the 1980s, the Muslim Brotherhood in Gaza and the West Bank did not support resistance to the Israeli occupation.  Most of its energy went to fighting the PLO, especially its more left-wing factions, on university campuses."

US diplomats and CIA officials were aware that Israel was fostering Islamic fundamentalism among the Palestinians, but, as noted Martha Kessler, a senior analyst for the CIA, "we saw Israel cultivate Islam as a counterweight to Palestinian nationalism", but neither the CIA nor the State department did anything about it.

It was primarily Israel's far right, Begin, Shamir and Ariel Sharon who pursued this policy.  It is with them that we see the very cynical basis for the exploitation of Islamic fundamentalism in the region.  This was explained by Victor Ostrovsky, a former Mossad officer who left the agency and became a strong critic, and wrote two books about the service:

Supporting the radical elements of Muslim fundamentalism sat well with Mossad's general plan for the region. An Arab world run by fundamentalists would not be party to any negotiations with the West, thus leaving Israel again as the only democratic, rational country in the region.  And if the Mossad could arrange for Hamas… to take over the Palestinian streets from the PLO, then the picture would be complete.

Very suspiciously, in 1983, Yassin was arrested by Israeli authorities, but although he was sentenced to 13 years in prison, he was released after only a year.  Then in 1986-7, Yassin founded Hamas.  According to Philip Wilcox, counterterrorism expert a former US ambassador who headed the US consulate in Jerusalem at the time, "there were persistent rumors that the Israeli secret service gave covert support to Hamas, because they were seen as a rival to the PLO."  Wilcox said the US officials in Jerusalem dealt "regularly and intensively" with Hamas.

After the Palestinian uprising of 1987, the PLO accused Hamas and Yassin of acting "with the direct support of reactionary Arab regimes… in collusion with the Israeli occupation."  Yasser Arafat complained to an Italian newspaper: "Hamas is a creation of Israel, which at the time of Prime Minister Shamir, gave them money and more than 700 institutions, among them schools, universities and mosques."  Arafat also maintained that Israeli prime minister Rabin admitted to him in the presence of Hosni Mubarak that Israel had supported Hamas.

Essentially, as analyst Ray Hannania pointed out, in "Sharon's Terror Child", published in Counterpunch, "undermining the peace process has always been the real target of Hamas and has played into the political ambitions of Likud.  Every time Israeli and Palestinian negotiators appeared ready to take a major step forward achieving peace, an act of Hamas terrorism has scuttled the peace process and pushed the two sides apart."

This pattern continued throughout the shifting developments of the stalled peace process.  In 2001, when the PLO secured a Hamas pledge to halt its terrorist attacks, then prime minister Ariel Sharon ordered the assassinations of one of their top officials.  As Alex Fishman commented in the Israeli newspaper Yediot Achronot, "whoever gave the green light to this act of liquidation knew full well that he was thereby shattering in one blow the gentlemen's agreement between Hamas and the Palestinian Authority".

In "Hamas and the Transformation of Political Islam in Palestine", for Current History, Sara Roy wrote:

Some analysts maintain that while Hamas leaders are being targeted, Israel is simultaneously pursuing its old strategy of promoting Hamas over the secular nationalist factions as a way of ensuring the ultimate demise of the [Palestinian Authority], and as an effort to extinguish Palestinian nationalism once and for all.

Essentially, the Muslim Brotherhood, with its many manifestations like Al Qaeda and bin Laden, serve as a Samuel Goldstein of Orwell's Nineteen-Eighty-Four, an ever-present and manufactured "terrorist" threat, used constantly as a pretext to justify repressive measures at home and expanded imperialistic objectives abroad.

Because, despite all the rhetoric employed in the War on Terror about the threat of "political Islam", unbeknownst to the general public, the manipulation of the Muslim Brotherhood throughout the world is still a mainstay of American foreign policy.

According to Reuel Marc Gerecht, a former CIA officer with experience in Iraq and the Middle East, as well as a neo-conservative hardliner with the notorious American Enterprise Institute:

Most American liberals and conservatives will strongly resist the idea that Islam's clergymen and lay fundamentalists, who usually dislike, if not detest, the United States, Israel, and progressive causes like women's rights, are the key to liberating the Muslim Middle East from its age-old reflexive hostility to the West.  There men, not the much admired liberal Muslim secularists who are always praised and sometimes defended by the American government and press, are the United States' most valuable potential democratic allies."

As Robert Dreyfuss ends his book, "the devil's game continues."

It’s commonly assumed that the “mind-expanding” capabilities of psychedelics usually lead to progressive or liberal views. So, their proponents are surprised by their persistent association with the right. In “Right-Wing Psychedelia: Case Studies in Cultural Plasticity and Political Pluripotency,” Brian A. Pace and Nese Devenot observe that, “Recent media advocacy for the nascent psychedelic medicine industry has emphasized the potential for psychedelics to improve society, pointing to research studies that have linked psychedelics to increased environmental concern and liberal politics.”[1] However, in “Why is the American right suddenly so interested in psychedelic drugs?” for The Guardian, Ross Ellenhorn and Dimitri Mugianis report that “psychedelic therapies are receiving unprecedented financial and political support – and much of it comes from the right.”[2]

The history of psychedelics begins with Aldous Huxley (1894 – 1963), a fascist who inspired the CIA’s MK-Ultra program. And ultimately, interest in psychedelics derives from occult interest in the ancient shamans of the Altai Mountains, which is believed to be the original religion of the Aryans. H.P. Blavatsky(1831 – 1891), who is considered the “godmother” of the New Age movement, despite the fact that she inspired the racial ideas of the Nazis, was inspired in her knowledge of Shambhala, a Tibetan Buddhist legend mentioned in the Kalachakra Tantra. Csoma de Körös (1784 – 1842), a Hungarian orientalist from Transylvania, was the first to report of the legend of Shambhala in the West, which he located in “the land of the Yugurs (Uighurs)” in Xinjiang, a province of Northwestern China. In an 1825 letter, Csoma de Körös wrote that Shambhala is like a Buddhist Jerusalem, and he believed it would probably be found in Kazakhstan, close to the Gobi desert, where it would later be situated by Blavatsky.[3] Others later would also locate it more specifically either in Xinjiang, or the Altai Mountains. Thus the Altai Mountains are the reputed source of the early form of spirit or “divine” communication known as shamanism, regarded among occultists as the “Oriental Kabbalah,” a supposed remnant of the migrations of Aryan survivors of Atlantis.

Interchangeable with Shambhalah is the legend of Agartha, promoted by Alexandre Saint-Yves d’Alveydre (1842 – 1909), founder of synarchism, the second occult tradition, other than Blavatsky’s Theosophy,  which influenced the Nazis. Saint-Yves was a key influence on René Guénon (1886 –1951), the founder of Traditionalism, which advanced the idea of a “perennial philosophy” as the single esoteric core shared by all the world’s major religions. The most important figure in Traditionalism after Guénon was Julius Evola (1898 – 1974), who would become the most important ideologue of late twentieth-century fascism. Evola was also a member of the Ur Group with Arturo Reghini, who was also a friend of Aleister Crowley, godfather of twentieth-century Satanism.

These ideas found their way to another member of the Ur Group, Mircea Eliade (1907 – 1986), who inspired the more modern cult of neo-Shamanism, popularized at the Esalen Institute in Big Sur, California, itself an emulation of the Eranos Conferences, another outgrowth of occult fascism. The phrase “Third Reich” was originally coined by the German thinker Arthur Moeller van den Bruck, who in 1923 published a book titled Das Dritte Reich. Van den Bruck, like Martin Heidegger, Oswald Spengler, Ernst Jünger, Julius Evola and Carl Schmitt, was a leading figure of the Conservative Revolutionary movement, prominent in the years following the First World War. Rooted in the Counter-Enlightenment of the Romantic Era, the movement rejected liberalism and parliamentary democracy as the failed legacies of the Enlightenment. Inspired by the notion of the Volk, the movement advocated a new conservatism and nationalism that was specifically German, or Prussian in particular.[4] Ultimately, explained Kurt Sontheimer, Conservative Revolutionary anti-democratic thought in the Weimar Republic “succeeded in alienating Germans from the democracy of the Weimar constitution and making large groups receptive to National Socialism.”[5]

Evola also shared a number of acquaintances with Schmitt, including Ernst Jünger, Armin Mohler and Prince Karl Anton von Rohan (1898 – 1975), who founded the Kulturbund, the Austrian counterpart of the Herrenclub. After the World War I, there appeared a large number of movements dedicated to the economic and political union of European. One example was the fascist-leaning Verband für kulturelle Zusammenarbeit founded in Vienna in 1921 which cooperated closely with its sister organization, the Fédération des Unions intellectuelles, with which it later united as the was the Association for Cultural Cooperation (“Kulturbund”).[6]

Eliade was an important participant at the Eranos Conferences, an intellectual discussion group founded in 1933 by Olga Froebe-Kapteyn—a devotee of Alice Bailey, Blavatky’s leading successor after Annie Besant—dedicated to the study of psychology, religion, philosophy and spirituality which met annually in Ascona, near the site of Monte Verità.[7] Froebe-Kapteyn was associated with Count Hermann Keyserling (1880 – 1946), who founded the School of Wisdom. In the 1920’s, Jung became joined the School of Wisdom, where he met Prince Karl Anton Rohan, an active supporter of the idea of German Conservative Revolution. Jung became active in Rohan’s Kulturbund and Europaische Revue. The Kulturbund later opened individual centers in Paris, Milan, Frankfurt and Heidelberg, and its membership reads like a “Who’s Who” of European industry and intelligentsia.[8] Future Chancellor of Germany, Konrad Adenauer was among the leading members. Foreign authors featured in the Kulturbund’s periodical, Europäische Revue included Winston Churchill, Julius Evola, Aldous Huxley, H.G. Wells, Arrigo Solmi, José Ortega y Gasset and Carl Jung.[9]

The Kulturbund’s periodical, Europäische Revue, which Rohan founded in 1925 and edited until 1936, was identified by Armin Mohler as one of Germany’s leading “young conservative” publications.[10] After the onset of the Great Depression, IG Farben subsidized the journal and other Kulturbund activities. Lilly von Schnitzler, whose husband George was a director of IG Farben, was one of the Kulturbund’s treasurers.[11] Lilly was in extensive correspondence with Carl Schmitt. Foreign authors featured in the Europäische Revue included Winston Churchill, Julius Evola, Aldous Huxley, H.G. Wells, Arrigo Solmi, José Ortega y Gasset and Carl Jung.[12] The revue appeared from 1925, but in 1933 came under the control of the ideology of National Socialism. The journal would continue its publication until 1944, with the aid of Joseph Goebbels.[13]

When Fröbe-Kapteyn met Carl Jung at Keyserling’s School of Wisdom, he suggested her auditorium be used as a “meeting place between East and West.”[14] Eranos was funded by the Mary and Paul Mellon, of the influential Mellon family. The thirteen most powerful families in the United States as listed by George Seldes were as follows: Ford, du Pont, Rockefeller, Mellon, McCormick, Hartford, Harkness, Duke, Pew, Pitcairn, Clark, Reynolds and Kress. With the possible exception of three of these families all had close connections with fascism and the support of Hitler.[15] Of these, five were involved in the failed fascist coup in 1933, known as the Business Plot, headed the of the American Liberty League, against Roosevelt: du Pont, Mellon, Pew, Pitcairn and Clark. Most prominent among the Mellon family supporters of the American Liberty League was Andrew Mellon (1855 – 1937), son of Thomas Mellon (1813 – 1908), the patriarch and founder of Mellon Bank. Prior to becoming Secretary of the Treasury, Paul’s father Andrew Mellon, a supporter of Hitler, controlled interests such as Alcoa, and formed several cartel arrangements with I.G. Farben.[16] Andrew’s son was Paul Mellon, who served with the OSS in Europe during World War II, and who was co-heir to one of America’s greatest business fortunes, derived from the Mellon Bank. Paul’s sister Ailsa Mellon Bruce was married to David Bruce, also a former OSS officer and later US ambassador to Great Britain.[17] After the war, a number influential members of the Mellon family maintained close ties with the CIA, and Mellon family foundations have been used repeatedly as CIA fronts.[18]

MK-Ultra

An article for The Nation, titled “The People’s Front,” published in a November 16, 1946, reported that Jean Coutrot’s Mouvement Synarchique d'Empire (MSE), the synarchist organization behind the collaborationist Vichy regime of France, was attempting to restore the intimate ties between French and German industrialists which it had developed before the war, and referenced 1946-1947 article by Michael Sordet, “The Secret League of Monopoly Capitalism,” referring to the Liberty League, and published in the scholarly Swiss journal Schweiner Annalen, which hinted that the main base of operations of the synarchists was shifting from Europe to the United States.[19]

The word “transhumanism” was first mentioned at a conference hosted by Coutrot in 1939, in Pontigny Abbey, founded in 1114 by Hugh of Mâcon, who later joined his friend St. Bernard de Clairvaux at the Council of Troyes in 1128 to officially approve and endorse the Templars on behalf of the Church. [20] Coutrot helped to found the Center for the Study of Human Problems (CSHP) with Aldous Huxley with support from the Rockefeller Foundation.[21] In July 1941, a report was submitted by Henri Chavin, at the time the Director of Sûreté nationale, to the French Minister of the Interior, presented the synarchist conspiracy as an attempt by international capitalism to “subject the economies of different countries to a single, undemocratic control exercised by high banking groups.”[22]

According to the Chavin Report, Huxley is described as “pro-national-socialist.”[23] In Vichy France, Huxley frequented the Thursday salon of Paris editor for Harper’s Bazaar, Marie-Louise Bousquet, who was married to the playwright Jacques Bousquet, and which were attended by attended Pablo Picasso, Pierre Drieu la Rochelle and Ernst Jünger, a WWI hero, one of the leading figures of the German Conservative Revolution, a Wehrmacht officer and censor who worked for the Nazis in occupied France during WWII, and who was an important inspiration to post-war fascism.[24] Jünger also frequented the George V luxury hotel, where a roundtable of French and German intellectuals gathered, including Jean Cocteau and Carl Schmitt.[25]

The combined influences on the concept of transhumanism, explain Dard and Moatti, derive from the idea of a man transcending his human condition, towards union with God. According to the two authors, that idea derives from the French palaeontologist and Jesuit Pierre Teilhard de Chardin (1881 – 1955), member of the CSHP. Considered the “Catholic Darwin,” Teilhard was closely associated with Aldous’s brother Julian, who wrote the introduction to Teilhard’s Phenomenon of Man (1955). According to Julian Huxley, revealing his Kabbalistic outlook, wrote: “evolution is nothing but matter become conscious of itself.”[26]

Aldous Huxley would become the ideological leader behind the CIA’s infamous “mind-control” program, known as MK-Ultra. Mary and Paul Mellon shared a friendship to Carl Jung with Allen Dulles, who would become the first civilian head of the CIA in 1953.[27] It was anthropologist Gregory Bateson who provided the rationale for the creation of the CIA in a letter to his boss, Bill Donavan.[28] Bateson was a leading member of the Cybernetics Group, a CIA project that both directed the evolution of the personal computer, and contributed to MK-Ultra.

Like MK-Ultra, the personal computer was a project of the Cybernetics Group, and designed to provide the ultimate tool of social control. The theological implications of this idea were further explored in God and Golem, Inc. (1964), where Cybernetics pioneer Norbert Wiener compares the creative power of God with that of man creating machines, and machines ultimately reproducing themselves. Among the symbols featured on the front cover is a Masonic all-seeing eye. Wiener suggests that resistance to these ideas is rooted in the same prejudices that once stigmatized magic, and draws parallels to the practices of the Black Mass, as well as the Golem of Kabbalistic legend and Goethe’s The Sorcerer’s Apprentice. According to Wiener, “If we adhere to all these taboos, we may acquire a great reputation as conservative and sound thinkers, but we shall contribute very little to the further advance of knowledge. It is the part of the scientist—of the intelligent man of letters and of the honest clergyman as well—to entertain heretical and forbidden opinions experimentally, even if he is finally to reject them.”[29]

According to Bateson, cybernetics is “the biggest bite out of the Tree of Knowledge that mankind has taken in the last 2,000 years.”[30] The Cybernetics Group was funded by the Macy Foundation, which had close links with the Rockefeller Foundation. Its chief LSD executive Harold Abramson gave LSD for the first time to Bateson. Macy Conference attendee Oscar Janiger, a University of California Irvine psychiatrist and psychotherapist, known for his LSD research, which lasted from 1954 to 1962, and for having introduced LSD to Cary Grant and Aldous Huxley, who became the guiding figure behind MK-Ultra. Huxley was the author of Brave New World, a dystopia bout a dictatorship that uses psychoactive drugs and promiscuous sex to control the population. The name of the drug used was Soma, the name found in the Vedas, and related to the Haoma of the Magi, which is considered a substance similar to the one believed to have produced the psychic abilities of ancient shaman, which they likened to schizophrenia.[31]

LSD had been developed in 1943 by Albert Hofmann (1906 – 2008), working as a chemist at Sandoz AB, a Swiss pharmaceutical house owned by S.G. Warburg. However, LSD was first synthesized by Hofmann in 1938 from ergotamine, a chemical derived by Arthur Stoll from ergot, a grain fungus that typically grows on rye. As Martin Lee discovered, Sandoz was linked through cartel agreements to IG Farben, which throughout the 1930’s, maintained a special secret division devoted to research on psychedelic agents, and Nazi mind control experiments with mescaline were carried on by Nazi doctors at Dachau, which was only a few hundred miles from Sandoz. Lee concludes that, therefore, “we can be certain that the Nazi high command was already aware of these substances.”[32]

MK-Ultra truly began in 1952, the year Huxley returned to the United States accompanied by Dr. Humphrey Osmond who was brought in by Dulles to play a prominent role in the project. In October 1955, Huxley had an experience while on LSD that he considered more profound than those detailed in The Doors of Perception. The man who introduced both Osmond and Huxley to LSD was Alfred Hubbard, who had worked for the OSS during the war as a “Special Investigative Agent.” Over the years, Hubbard also reportedly worked for the Canadian Special Services, the U.S. Justice Department and the U.S. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco & Firearms. Hubbard, who is known as the “Johnny Appleseed of LSD,” became an apostle for LSD in the early 1950s after supposedly receiving an angelic vision telling him that something important for the future of mankind would soon be coming. When he first read about LSD he immediately identified it as part of that vision and tried it for himself in 1951. Through his extensive connections, which included the Pope, as he once boasted, he has been credited with “turning on” as many as 6,000 people to LSD.[33]

Hofmann exchanged letters with Carl Schmitt and introduced LSD to Ernst Jünger. Hofmann described their encounters in detail in the chapter entitled, “The Radiance of Jünger” in his autobiography, LSD: My Problem Child. In Approaches: Drugs and Altered States, Jünger described a lifetime with consciousness-enhancing experiments—hashish, cocaine, and morphine until he worked his way to LSD, psilocybin, and peyote. Jünger also coined the term “psychonaut” to describe the work of chemist Arthur Heffter who isolated mescaline from the peyote cactus in 1897.

With Mircea Eliade, Jünger edited Antaios, a German cultural magazine published from 1959 to 1971, which had a conservative orientation and promoted perennial philosophy and the study of Jungian archetypes. The magazine was initiated by the publisher Ernst Klett, who wanted to involve the scholars of the Eranos circle. Other people who had been approached but rejected the editor position included Aldous Huxley, Karl Jaspers and Joseph Campbell, another important Eranos attendee who worked closely with Paul and Mary Mellon.

In 1946, Jünger met Armin Mohler, who is often considered a central intellectual figure of the post war extreme Right in Germany, and who would become his secretary. Mohler was press secretary for Heidegger and maintained extensive correspondence with Carl Schmitt, and was an important scholar on the German Conservative Revolution, and was responsible for popularizing that term, in Die Konservative Revolution in Deutschland 1918-1932: Ein Handbuch, this PhD dissertation published in 1949 under the supervision of Karl Jaspers.[34]

From the 1960–1970s onwards, the Conservative Revolution heavily influenced the European New Right, in particular the French Nouvelle Droite. Armin Mohler was one of the first German publishers to write about his close friend, Alain de Benoist, the founder of Nouvelle Droite. The leading organization of the Nouvelle Droite was known as GRECE, the Groupement de recherche et d’études pour la civilisation européenne (“Research and Study Group for European Civilization”), founded by de Benoist and others who belonged to the World Union of National Socialists (WUNS).[35] Some of the prominent names that have collaborated with GRECE include Mircea Eliade, Arthur Koestler, Hans Eysenck, Konrad Lorenz, Jeune Europe founder Jean-Francois Thiriart, Thierry Maulnier and Anthony Burgess, author of A Clockwork Orange.

In 1968, wrote an article for GRECE’s journal Nouvelle École, titled “LSD and alterations of the hereditary stock.” During the 1960s, MK-Ultra doctor Dr. Hans J. Eysenck was Director of MK-Ultra Subproject 111 at the Institute of Psychiatry (IoP) at Maudsley Hospital in London, the staging ground for MK-Ultra in Europe and Africa, perhaps Australia as well.[36] From the 1950s to the 1980s, Eysenck was perhaps the best-known psychologist in the UK. His popular psychology texts were standard reading for trainee social workers and teachers and helped shape school and university syllabuses. Eysenck was Professor of Psychology at the Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, from 1955 to 1983. Eysenck was one of the signers of the Humanist Manifesto, along with Julian Huxley, Betty Friedan, Isaac Asimov, Sidney Hook, and B.F. Skinner, among others. Eysenck's work has undergone reevaluation since he died in 1997. In 2019, 26 of his papers were “considered unsafe” by an enquiry on behalf of King’s College London.[37]

Radicals for Capitalism

The leading contributors to the Liberty League, and a number of its fascist front groups such as the Crusaders and the Sentinels of the Republic, were also leading contributors of National Association of Manufacturers (NAM). The first president of NAM was Samuel Bush (1863 – 1948), father of Prescott and grandfather of George H.W. Bush.[38] In 1940, James William Fifield Jr. gave a speech to NAM at the Waldorf Astoria New York where he praised capitalism and business leaders, while denouncing Roosevelt and the New Deal. The speech, which underlined that Christian leaders and religious arguments were crucial in the effort to promote a free-market agenda, was exceptionally well received. Thus was born the premise that led to the cultivation of the Christian Right, which henceforth married the contradictory teaching of Christianity with selfishness, in a conflation which one observer termed “Christian libertarianism.”[39]

Fifield was an American Congregational minister who led the First Congregational Church in Los Angeles. The members of Fifield’s church were mostly among the wealthy, giving Fifield the nickname “The Apostle to Millionaires.”[40] By the middle of the decade, its members included his longtime friend Dr. Norman Vincent Peale (1898 – 1993), a 33° Scottish Rite Freemason,[41] was an American minister and well-known champion of the concept of “positive thinking,” especially through his best-selling book The Power of Positive Thinking. Peale would also later become Donald Trump’s mentor.

Peale was also a member of The Fellowship, also known as The Family, founded in 1935 by a Norwegian-born Methodist minister named Abraham Vereide, after, he claimed, he had a vision in which God came to him in the person of the head of the United States Steel Corporation. Vereide and his associates played a significant role in the de-Nazification of Germany and the political rehabilitation of former members of the Third Reich for service both in the new Federal Republic of Germany and U.S. intelligence. In 1946, Vereide undertook a mission to search through the Allied prisons in Germany for men “of the predictable type” ready to turn their allegiance from Hitler to Christ, and by extension, in Vereide’s thinking, America.

Vereide’s friends in the German military government and back in the United States would certify them as “men not only to be released but to be used, according to their ability in the tremendous task of reconstruction.”[42] These included Joseph Retinger’s partner in the European Movement and the Bilderberger Group, Hermann J. Abs—a former comrade of Walter Benjamin—who became the vice president of the Family’s German organization, International Christian Leadership (ICL).[43] Others included Gustav Schmelz, a manufacturer of chemical weapons; Paul Rohrbach, an advocate of eradicating native Africans in order to make room for German colonists; and General Hans Speidel, who had accepted the surrender of Paris on behalf of the Führer in 1940, and a coconspirator with Rommel in the attempted assassination of Hitler, the “July Plot” of 1944. Another of the Nazi agents with whom Vereide and The Family would network after the war was Baron Ulrich von Gienanth, the Gestapo chief of the German embassy in Washington and a member of the SS. Others included Baron Konstantin von Neurath, Hitler’s first foreign minister, and General Oswald Pohl, the last SS commander of the concentration camps.[44]

A few noted libertarians, including Alfred Jay Nock, Frank Chodorov and Garet Garrett, worked for the National Economic Council (NEC), founded in 1943 by Merwin K. Hart, which he used the NEC to recruit businessmen to The Fellowship, of which he was a member of the board and part of its inner circle.[45] Hart waged an anti-communist campaign through the NEC, which was funded by some of the biggest names in corporate America including the General Motors, DuPont, Monsanto, Sears, and the Mellon-controlled Gulf Oil.[46]

Robert R. McCormick, publisher of the Chicago Tribune, also belonged to Merwin K. Hart’s American Actions, Inc. (AAI), the successor organization of the America First Committee. The AFC, which was committed to opposing America’s entry into the war, and spread anti-Soviet, anti-British and isolationist propaganda among the American people, was also secretly financed by the Third Reich.[47] Many of the leaders of Hart’s group were previously associated with the AFC and the American Liberty League. A few of the key individuals were the du Ponts, Alfred P. Sloan of General Motors, Upton Close, John T. Flynn, the AFC’s New York state chairman, AFC founders General Robert E. Wood and William H. Regnery, and Norman Vincent Peale.[48] 

The term “neoliberalism” was coined at the Walter Lippmann Colloquium, which inspired the founding of the Mont Pelerin Society, a sister organization of Coudenhove-Kalgergi’s Pan-European Union, which included Otto von Habsburg. The society advocated the free-market principles set forth by the Lippmann Colloquium. The Lippmann Colloquium was a conference of intellectuals held in Paris in 1938, organized by French philosopher Louis Rougier, who was initially refused membership in the Mont Pelerin Society because of his former association with the Vichy Regime.

Another former Vichy collaborator involved in the Colloquium was Alexandre Marc, who was involved in the European Movement. Marc was also the founder of Ordre Nouveau, linked with synarchists like Jean Coutrot, the purported author of the Synarchst Pact. With Denis de Rougemont of the CIA front, the Congress for Cultural Freedom (CCF), Marc had been a member of the Sohlberg Circle, founded by SS member Otto Abetz, who was German ambassador to Vich France. Abetz’ key disciples were Alfred Fabre-Luce and Bertand de Jouveval, who both subscribed to Coudenhove-Kalergi’s dream of a United Europe.[49] Israeli anti-fascist historian Zeev Sternhell published Neither Right nor Left, accusing De Jouvenel of fascist sympathies in the 1930s and 1940s. De Jouvenel sued in 1983, claiming nine counts of libel, two of which the court upheld. Jouvenel was supported by friends he knew from the post-war period: prominent names like Henry Kissinger, Milton Friedman and Raymond Aron, a close friend of Jean-Paul Sartre.[50]

After World War II, because of the excesses of fascism, the right had been largely discredited, and communism was gaining widespread popularity in Western Europe. Many considered the nationalization of industries as a positive direction. To counter these tendencies, Hayek derived his strategy from Carl Schmitt, to whom he openly acknowledged his debt. According to Hayek, “The conduct of Carl Schmitt under the Hitler regime does not alter the fact that, of the modern German writings on the subject, his are still among the most learned and perceptive.”[51] In Road to Serfdom, following Schmitt, Hayek characterized state intervention in the economy as tantamount to totalitarianism.[52]

In addition to its own activities, the Volker Fund also helped support the formation of various complementary institutions, including the Foundation for Economic Education (FEE) and the Intercollegiate Society of Individualists (ISI), founded in 1953 by Frank Chodorov, which was later renamed Intercollegiate Studies Institute (ISI). The FEE, the oldest free-market think tank in the United States, was founded was in 1946. The initial officers of FEE were Leonard E. Read as President, Henry Hazlitt as Vice-President and Chairman David Goodrich of B.F. Goodrich. Leonard E. Read, a member Fifield’s Spiritual Mobilization had been general manager of the Los Angeles Chamber of Commerce and then Executive Vice President of NAM.[53] Friedrich Hayek saw FEE as part of the inspiration for the formation in 1947 of the Mont Pelerin Society, where Read was a member, which also provided a financial subsidy to the society.[54]

As reported by Brian Doherty, in Radicals for Capitalism: A Freewheeling History of the Modern American Libertarian Movement, Leonard E. Read was the first of the libertarian circle to know of Aldous Huxley’s friend and LSD guru Gerald Heard.[55] Heard had also become a guide and mentor to numerous well-known Americans, including Clare Boothe Luce (wife of Bonesman Henry Luce of Time, Life and Fortune, US Ambassador to Rome and was made a Dame of Knights), and Bill Wilson, co-founder of Alcoholics Anonymous, who had been a patient of CIA doctor Humphry Osmond, in his attempts to try to cure alcoholics with LSD. In 1958, Clare Booth Luce dropped acid with a psychiatrist. According to counterculture icon Abbie Hoffman:

I’ve always maintained that Henry Luce did more to popularize acid than Timothy Leary. Years later I met Clare Boothe Luce at the Republican convention in Miami. She did not disagree with this opinion. America’s version of the Dragon Lady caressed my arm, fluttered her eyes and cooed, “We wouldn’t want everyone doing too much of a good thing.”[56]

Read introduced Heard’s writings to lawyer James Ingebretsen and SoCal Edison executive W.C. Mullendore, and a former protégé of Ayn Rand’s, Thaddeus Ashby. They began hosting meetings at Idyllwild, a retreat in the mountains east of Los Angeles, to listen to Heard. In the mid-1950s, they all joined the Bacchanalia at the Bohemian Grove, in Northern California, where they were joined by Herbert Hoover and Henry Hazlitt.[57]

Read shared the mystical sources of libertarianism in Elements of Libertarian Leadership (1962), where he prescribes the mystical techniques of Rudolf Steiner in order to maximize our creative potential. These same techniques inspired Read to write his most successful piece of writing, “I, Pencil” published in the December 1958 issue of The Freeman. Like an LSD-inspired hallucination, “I, Pencil” is written in the first person from the point of view of a pencil, detailing the complexity of its own creation, listing its components and the numerous people involved in its creation. Some academics insist it is as classic an example of metaphorical economics as any from Adam Smith.[58] In the reprint, Milton Friedman wrote the introduction. Friedman used the essay in his 1980 PBS television show Free to Choose and the accompanying book of the same name.

Esalen Institute

Paul Mellon’s uncle, James Ross Mellon, was the great-grandfather of William “Billy” Mellon Hitchcock, who funded Timothy Leary’s LSD projects at the family’s Millbrook Estate on behalf of the CIA.[59] Billy’s sister Peggy was director of Leary’s International Foundation for Internal Freedom (IFIF), later renamed the Castilia Foundation.[60] Billy Hitchcock was sent by his uncle by marriage, David Bruce, to meet with Dr. Stephen Ward to investigate the rumors of Masonically-themed “black magic” parties connected to the Profumo Affair.[61] Ward had also pimped Mary Anne MacLean, co-founder of the satanic Process Church of the Final Judgement, which was linked to the Manson Family atrocities, which connected numerous Hollywood celebrities and musicians, like the Mamas and the Papas and the Beach Boys, to Roman Polanski’s Rosemary’s Baby, a film about a coven who bring about the birth of Satan’s child.[62]

Leary became another leading personality involved at Esalen. As admitted by Michael Murphy, one of its founders, one of the models for the development of Esalen Institute was the Eranos Conferences.[63] The Esalen Institute was established in 1962, in Big Sur, California, by two transcendental meditation students, Michael Murphy and Richard Price, who were given networking support by Alan Watts, Aldous Huxley and his wife Laura, as well as by Gerald Heard and Gregory Bateson. In 1936, Watts attended the World Congress of Faiths at the University of London, where he heard D.T. Suzuki, a Japanese author of books and essays on Buddhism, Zen and Shin that were instrumental in spreading interest in both Zen and Shin to the West, and a frequent speaker at the Eranos Conferences. Suzuki wrote approvingly of Japanese fascist and racist policies in Korea, Manchuria and China. An admirer of Nazism and apologist for the Third Reich’s policies against the Jews, Suzuki was a close friend of Gestapo officer Karlfried Graf von Dürckheim, a Rothschild descendant and chief assistant to Joachim von Ribbentrop.[64] Dürckheim helped Suzuki introduce Zen Buddhism to the western world. In 1958, Dürckheim met Alan Watts, who described him as “…a true nobleman—unselfconsciously and by a long tradition perfect in speech and courtesy Keyserling’s ideal of the grand seigneur.”[65]

Alan Watts’ and Frederic Spiegelberg’s founded the American Academy of Asian Studies (the precursor to the California Institute of Integral Studies). At the academy, Watts taught from 1951 to 1957 alongside Frederic Spiegelberg, a refugee from Hitler’s Germany and Stanford University professor of Asian religions, whose teachers included a cross-section of the German Conservative Revolution and the Eranos conferences, such as Rudolf Otto, Paul Tillich, Martin Heidegger and Carl Jung and like Joseph Campbell. Paul Tillich (1886 – 1965) was a German-American Christian existentialist philosopher and Lutheran Protestant theologian who is widely regarded as one of the most influential theologians of the twentieth century.[66] From 1924 to 1925, Tillich served as a Professor of Theology at the University of Marburg, where he met and developed a relationship with Heidegger.[67] There has, however, been criticism of Tillich as belonging to the “Conservative Revolution” and for having anti-democratic ideas. Tillich did proclaim the desire for overthrow the Weimar system with its capitalistic economy and parliamentary democracy.[68]

As explained by Hans Thomas Hakl in Eranos: An Alternative Intellectual History of the Twentieth Century, “Spiegelberg not only lectured at Esalen, as also did the Eranos speaker Paul Tillich, the historian Arnold Toynbee or the parapsychologist J.B. Rhine, but he also steered Esalen’s founder, Michael Murphy, on to the spiritual path that would lead him to Esalen.”[69] Spiegelberg reported on the 1936 Eranos conference in the Europäische Revue, edited by Prince Karl Anton Rohan, founder of the Kulturbund. Spiegelberg was one of the participants at the seminars on yoga given by Jung and SS member Jakob Wilhelm Hauer at the Psychological Club in Zurich. In India he had visited Sri Aurobindo and Sri Ramana Maharshi. In 1951, Spiegelberg invited Haridas Chaudhuri, a disciple of Aurobindo, to join the staff. From 1956, he also taught at the C.G. Jung Institute in Zurich. He also wrote a book, heavily influenced by Suzuki, on the art of Zen, with a foreword by the Eranos lecturer Herbert Read. He was also the author of a book on alchemy, which he illustrated with magical sigils from the sixteenth-century Kabbalistic-magical text Liber Raziel, attributed to Eleazar ben Juda ben Kalonymos, known as Eleazar of Worms.[70]

Price took a room in San Francisco at Watts’ and Spiegelberg’s newly founded academy. This placed Price at the center of the emerging North Beach Beat scene, where he became involved with Jack Kerouac, Allen Ginsberg and Gary Snyder in particular.[71] In 1956, in San Francisco, Price experienced a transformative psychotic break and was admitted to a mental hospital for a time. In May 1960, Price returned to San Francisco where he met Michael Murphy, also a graduate of Stanford University. Price’s interest in the expansion of human potential led him to investigate many avenues of research, including the exploration of altered states of consciousness with psychedelic drugs, and participating in experiments at Gregory Bateson’s Palo Alto Veterans Hospital.[72] A friend of Aldous Huxley, Alan Watts was also introduced to LSD by Gregory Bateson, and served as a consultant on Bateson’s schizophrenia project.[73]

Due to his own experience in a mental hospital, Esalen founder Richard Price became interested in the methods of “anti-psychiatry” for treating schizophrenia. Price and co-founder Michael Murphy were both admirers of R.D. Laing, whom they invited to lead a seminar at Esalen in 1967. In the same year, psychologist Julian Silverman, researcher on schizophrenia at the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) at Bethesda, Maryland, came to Esalen to teach a workshop entitled “Shamanism, Psychedelics, and the Schizophrenias.” NIMH was founded by Robert Hanna Felix, 33rd degree Mason, who was a director of the Scottish Rite’s psychiatric research, which operated the Ashbury Medical Clinic in San Francisco that assessed Charles Mason while on parole.[74] In the summer of 1968, Price recruited Silverman to put together a series of seminars and workshops entitled “The Value of Psychotic Experience.” Participants in the study included Czech psychiatrist Stanislav Grof, Alan Watts and Fritz Perls.[75]

Stanford Research Institute (SRI)

As cybernetics gave birth to both MK-Ultra and the development of the personal computer, the life of these two seemingly contradictory trajectories continued to be closely connected. This was evidenced by CIA’s experiments into paranormal phenomena which were supported by Stanford Research Institute (SRI), which also played a foundational role in the rise of the personal computer. Headquartered in Menlo Park, California, SRI is one of the world’s largest scientific research organizations, funded directly by US intelligence agencies, particularly the CIA’s Office of Technical Services and Office Research. Originally founded as a means of attracting commercial business research at Stanford University in California, SRI began taking on military and intelligence contracts, many of them classified

The director of Educational Policy Research Center at SRI was Willis Harman, who hired Al Hubbard as a “special investigative agent.”[76] Willis Harman was also vice president of the International Foundation for Advanced Study (IFAS) in Menlo Park, which was Hubbard’s brainchild. The founder and president of IFAS was Myron J. Stolaroff. Stolaroff was in contact with Gordon Wasson, and was introduced to psychedelics by Gerald Heard and travelled to Vancouver to partake of Al Hubbard’s LSD sessions.[77] Hubbard became a member of IFAS’s board, along with Humphry Osmond and Abram Hoffer.[78] While Stolaroff was president, IFAS conducted clinical studies that attempted to measure the effects of LSD, mescaline, and other drugs on creativity.

Among the test subjects of IFAS was Stewart Brand, who spearheaded the movement that drew on the 1960s counterculture to present the “personal computer,” a term he coined, as a tool of personal empowerment. Brand was deeply influenced by Marshall McLuhan, as well as cybernetics visionary Norbert Wiener, and architect and designer Buckminster Fuller, known for his designs of biospheres. As explained in Computer: A History of the Information Machine, the personal computer was in large part a product of the “computer liberation” movement that grew out of the counter-culture of California in the 1960s. In 1974, Brand published a collection of essays under the title II Cybernetic Frontiers. Two of the essays consisted of interviews he conducted with Gregory Bateson. As explained by Erik Davis in TechGnosis, “Bateson later bloomed into the quintessential California philosopher, a resident of Esalen and patron saint of the Whole Earth Catalog.”

Harman may have betrayed a clue in May 1974, when he led a Stanford Research Institute study titled “Changing Images of Man.” The report was prepared by a team that included Margaret Mead, B. F. Skinner, Ervin Laszlo and Sir Geoffrey Vickers of British intelligence. Others involved in this project included Carl Rogers, Ralph Metzner, Joseph Campbell, and Harman’s partner at IFAS, James Fadiman. The stated aim of the study was to change the image of mankind from that of industrial progress to one of “spiritualism.” The report stressed the importance of the United States in promoting Masonic ideals, effectively creating the ideal Masonic state.[79]

Joseph Campbell was an important figure at the Esalen Institute, which became a center for the development of new psychotherapeutic techniques during the 1970s and 1980s. Campbell helped Mary Mellon, the original sponsor of the Eranos conferences, found Bollingen Series of books on psychology, anthropology and myth. When Paul Mellon once complained to the essayist and poet Allen Tate that too many writers were leftists, Tate replied that writers were typically in financial need and that Mellon should award scholarships and prizes, which would inhibit the revolutionary spirit. Mellon, as the story goes, then founded the Bollingen-Mellon prizes of twenty thousand dollars each.[80] Bolligen also funded Gershom Scholem’s writing of writing of Sabbatai Zevi the Mystical Messiah.[81]

Although the Bollingen Series was not a Traditionalist organization, it published the works of central figures in Traditionalism, like René Guénon’s leading disciple Coomaraswamy, and Romanian scholar Mircea Eliade. According to Eliade, a shaman is “…believed to cure, like all doctors, and to perform miracles of the fakir type, like all magicians [...] But beyond this, he is a psychopomp, and he may also be a priest, mystic, and poet.[82] And Eliade argued that the word shaman should not apply to just any magician or medicine man, but specifically to the practitioners of the ancient religion of the Turks and Mongols of Central Asia. The pre-Buddhist Bön culture was the national form of shamanism in Tibet, which was part of Tantric Buddhism, another area of interest to Eliade, who praised Tantra as the highest form of yoga, and therefore whose works were criticized in Romania for their eroticism.

Campbell, like Jung and Eliade, was also an important figure in the modern promotion of Yoga and Kundalini, an interest they were both preceded in by Carl Jung, whose seminars on Kundalini are compiled in The Psychology of Kundalini Yoga. In 1924, Campbell had befriended Jiddu Krishnamurti, sparking his lifelong interest in Hindu and Indian thought. Campbell regarded Kundalini as “India’s greatest gift to us,” and praised Ramakrishna as  “a virtuoso in the experience of the Kundalini transformations.”[83]

Neoshamanism

In 1967, a small working group, including Stanislav Grof, Abraham Maslow, Anthony Sutich, Miles Vich, and Sonya Margulies and Willis Harman’s partner at IFAS, James Fadiman, met in Menlo Park, with the purpose of creating a new psychology that would honor the entire spectrum of human experience. As Grof explained:

The renaissance of interest in Eastern spiritual philosophies, various mystical traditions, meditation, ancient and aboriginal wisdom, as well as the widespread psychedelic experimentation during the stormy 1960s made it absolutely clear that a comprehensive and cross-culturally valid psychology had to include observations from such areas as mystical states; cosmic consciousness; psychedelic experiences; trance phenomena; creativity; and religious, artistic, and scientific inspiration.[84]

 The Esalen Institute served as the primary platform for the leading exponents of neoshamanism, such as Gordon Wasson, Myron Stolaroff, Robert Anton Wilson and his collaborator Terence McKenna. It was Esalen guest Carlos Castaneda who was chiefly responsible for the rise of neoshamanism. Castaneda’s attention was drawn to psychedelics by reading Wasson, Huxley and Andrija Puharich’s Sacred Mushroom: They Key to the Door of Eternity. Castaneda influenced another Esalen teacher, anthropologist Michael Harner, founder of the Foundation for Shamanic Studies, and an early attendee of Anton LaVey’s and Kenneth Anger’s Magic Circle, which developed into the Church of Satan.[85]

Castaneda was a close friend of a student of Idries Shah, Chilean psychiatrist Claudio Naranjo, who along with Oscar Ichazo, was a key figure in the Human Potential Movement. Naranjo, like Shah, was also a member of the US Club of Rome, and in 1969 he was sought out as a consultant for the Education Policy Research Center, created by Willis Harman at SRI.[86] Naranjo is regarded as one of the pioneers of the Human Potential Movement, for integrating psychotherapy and the spiritual traditions through the introduction of Gurdjieff’s “Fourth Way” teachings. According to Gurdjieff’s leading disciple, John G. Bennett, who was head of British Military Intelligence in Constantinople, and his friend Idries Shah, the popular author of Sufism, Gurdjieff’s teaching originated with a chain of Sufi masters who were the descendants and spiritual heirs of the ancient shamanism of the Altai Mountains, where Central Asia had been their heartland for forty thousand years or more.[87]

According to John C. Lilly, who had been through the first levels of Ichazo’s Arica training, Ichazo claimed to have “received instructions from a higher entity called Metatron,” the name of the god of the Kabbalah.[88] Though his ideas were developed from Tantric Buddhism, Naranjo interpreted them in terms of Shamanism and derived from what he called his “tantric journey” which involved a Kundalini experience that he compared to both being possessed by a serpent and an alchemical process.[89]

Grof went on to become adjunct faculty member at the California Institute of Integral Studies (CIIS), a position he holds till today. Integral theory, a philosophy with origins in the work of Sri Aurobindo and Jean Gebser, which seeks a synthesis of the best of pre-modern, modern, and postmodern reality, was developed by Grof’s collaborator Ken Wilber, a major figure in the field of transpersonal psychology.[90] Wilber argues that the account of existence presented by the Enlightenment is incomplete, as it ignores the spiritual and noetic components of existence. In his work Sex, Ecology, Spirituality (1995), he builds many of his arguments on the emergence of the noosphere and the continued emergence of further evolutionary structures. In a review of the book, Michael Murphy said it was one of the four most important books of the twentieth century, the others being Aurobindo’s The Life Divine, Heidegger’s Being and Time, and Alfred North Whitehead’s Process and Reality. In the 1990s, Wilber founded the Integral Institute. Notable members included Esalen founder Michael Murphy and Deepak Chopra, who calls Wilber “one of the most important pioneers in the field of consciousness.” Cultural figures as varied as Bill Clinton, Al Gore and musician Billy Corgan of the Smashing Pumpkins have mentioned his influence.[91]

MDMA

It was the Californian pharmacologist Gordon A. Alles who first came across the psychopharmacological effects of the mescaline derivative Methylenedioxy-ampheta-mine or MDA, which was tested beginning in the early 1960s as an agent to facilitate psychotherapy by Naranjo.[92] In 1962, Naranjo’s associate, the American chemist Alexander T. Shulgin, had synthesized MDMA, a derivative of the essential oils of nutmeg, which had lower hallucinogenic activity than MDA but was less toxic. A circle of interested persons known as the “Boston Group” had a lasting influence on the therapeutic use of MDMA (a.k.a. “ecstacy”) beginning in 1976. The group consisted of a chemist, a few persons interested in spiritual development and psychotherapy, and others associated with the MIT Artificial Intelligence Lab. For example, the physician Rick Ingrasci, an early MDMA therapist, got his MDMA from the Boston group.[93]

The name ARUPA, for the Association for the Responsible Use of Psychedelic, was coined by Richard Price, and originated from Sanskrit and meaning a “formless” network. Its main activity between 1978 and 1984 was to organize invitation-only conferences at Esalen to discuss the therapeutic use of psychedelics. MDMA became a major topic of the meetings in the early to mid-1980s. Among the participants were most of the psychedelic luminaries of the time, including David Nichols, Rick Doblin, Jack Downing, Stanislav Grof, Oscar Janiger, Rick Ingrasci, Sasha Shulgin, Myron Stolaroff, Rick Strassman, Ralph Metzner, Leo Zeff, and George Greer.[94]

Ingrasci was one of the founders of the Hollyhock retreat, on Cortes Island near Vancouver. In the early 1970s, before it was Hollyhock, the Cortes Island campus was a human potential education centre called Cold Mountain Institute. Cold Mountain was driven by Richard Weaver, who trained at Esalen Institute, and who introduced many group therapy processes, such as Gestalt, Encounter, role-playing, and body work, to the West Coast of BC. In 1982, a group of 10 Hollyhock founders purchased the land from the abandoned Cold Mountain Institute. According to their website: “This twist of fate has its origins in a miraculous story that includes The Vancouver Folk Festival, a fortune teller, the founder of Greenpeace, and red Hollyhocks growing over a hedge.”[95] A number of connections have been drawn between Vancouver City Hall and Hollyhock, in part due to the number of people hired by the City of Vancouver who have connections to the retreat.[96]

In March, 1985, when it had become obvious that scheduling against MDMA was inevitable, a conference was held on “MDMA in Psychotherapy” at Esalen. Among the 35 participants were veterans of psychedelic research, including Grof, Naranjo, Richard Yensen, Robert Lynch, Francisco DiLeo, and psychotherapists using MDMA in their practices. The Earth Metabolic Design Laboratories, Inc. (EMDL) was set up in 1984 as a formal organization to support and coordinate the opposition against the proposed scheduling of MDMA. Directors included Rick Doblin. The Board of Advisors included Grof and Richard Price, and Yensen, who calls himself a Shaman.[97] According to Terence McKenna, Esalen held conferences every year during the 1980s, where it paid all the leading personalities in the psychedelic scene to speak:

Anybody who was a researcher in psychedelics or who even had strong opinions... and we all got to know each other. That’s what Esalen did; it actually created a community by bringing us together from all over the country once or twice a year. Stan Grof, Gordon Wasson, John Lilly, Dave Nichols, Myron Stolaroff, Rick Yensen... virtually anybody who now has any visibility in the movement got to know everybody else during those years.[98]

Ingrasci was permanently barred from practicing psychiatry in 1989, after patients came forward to allege that he had sexually abused them while they were under the influence of MDMA. Psychiatrist Francesco DiLeo of Maryland had been disciplined for similar violations just two years earlier. Rick Doblin wrote in his PhD dissertation that: “The loving and trusting feelings that can be induced by MDMA can make patients more vulnerable to sexual pressure.”[99]

Transhumanism

Teilhard de Chardin was also the primary inspiration behind both the New Age movement and the creation of the Internet, a project associated with cybernetics and MK-Ultra. Cybernetics, eugenics, Teilhard de Chardin’s “Noosphere,” interest in modern computing, psychedelics and the occult have combined in a modern manifestation known as transhumanism. The creation of the personal computer were merely a milestone, a stepping-stone to a grander ambition of replicating the human mind by creating a thinking machine. By achieving artificial intelligence, in fulfillment of Norbert Wiener’s dream, would be to make man a god. Ultimately, man would create a thinking machine that would become omniscient, and by tapping into the totality of human knowledge, through Google and Wikipedia, and through the use of the Internet and various “social-networking” applications like Facebook, Twitter, and so on, it would be possible to track the actions of every human on earth, actualizing the Masonic All-Seeing Eye.

Gregory Bateson’s protégée Stewart Brand became one of the earliest “digerati” of the 1980s, having adopted Norbert Wiener’s idea that machines extended human potential. And it was Brand and his Whole Earth Catalog which managed to recruit the tech savvy among his fellow denizens of the 60s counterculture to interpret the rise of the personal computer and the Internet as tools of personal liberation from tyranny. Although these aspirations sound left-leaning, they were embedded in a libertarian strain that served to align the technology industry with neoliberal principles. Aligned with the pranksterism of Discordianism, and the teachings of Teilhard de Chardin, the trend fueled the emerging hacker culture. The result is a disturbing political trend that swept Silicon Valley, which evolved into transhumanism and technolibertarianism. 

Technolibertarianism, sometimes referred to as cyberlibertarianism, hailed the new “cybernetic frontier” that could be fortified against government intrusion through robust forms of encryption. The term Technolibertarianism was popularized in critical discourse by technology writer Paulina Borsook, author of Cyberselfish: A Critical Romp Through the Terribly Libertarian Culture of High Tech. It represents what English media theorists Richard Barbrook and Andy Cameron as “The Californian Ideology” in a 1995 essay. The development of the California Ideology was shaped by the presence of the Koch brothers in California, who had moved the CATO Institute from Wichita to San Francisco, alongside a handful of other Koch-funded libertarian organizations.

The Californian Ideology, according to Barbrook and Cameron, “is a mix of cybernetics, free market economics, and counter-culture libertarianism and is promulgated by magazines such as Wired and Mondo 2000 and preached in the books of Stewart Brand, Kevin Kelly and others.”[100] In the 1980s, Timothy Leary reemerged as a spokesperson of the “cyberdelic” counterculture, whose adherents called themselves “cyberpunks,” whose adherents were pioneers in the IT industry of Silicon Valley and the West Coast of the United States. In the 1980s and 1990s, many young people became interested in Leary’s Eight-Circuit Model of consciousness, because they felt that by reconciling spirituality with science and technology, it helped them to define the new techno-generation they were part of.[101] In contrast to the hippies of the 1960s who were decidedly anti-science and anti-technology, the cyberpunks of the 1980s and 1990s enthusiastically embraced technology and the hacker ethic. As Leary proclaimed, rebranding his popular commandment, “PC is the LSD of the 1990s” and admonished bohemians to “turn on, boot up, jack in.”[102]

Wired was founded by Louis Rossetto, a “radical libertarian” also influenced by Ayn Rand, Marshall McLuhan and Teilhard de Chardin. Rossetto, was inspired the Koch brothers’ Reason magazine when he was a student at Columbia in the early 1970s.[103] Formerly known as Wired News or HotWired, the strongest influence on the Wired magazine’s editorial outlook came from the techno-utopianism of co-founder Stewart Brand and his long-time associate Kevin Kelly. Stewart Brand had hired Kelly in 1983 to edit later editions of the Whole Earth Catalog, the Whole Earth Review and Signal. With Brand, Kelly helped found the WELL (Whole Earth ‘Lectronic Link) in 1985, one of the oldest virtual communities in continuous operation. An early and very active member was Howard Rheingold, a former director of IONS who worked at Xerox PARC, and a founding executive editor of HotWired. Rheingold co-authored Higher Creativity: Liberating the Unconscious for Breakthrough Insight with Willis Harman. According to Rheingold’s book, the WELL’s Usenet feed was for years provided by Apple.

Rheingold, along with Timothy Leary, Albert Hoffmann, Terence McKenna and Robert Anton Wilson were often featured in the first cyberculture magazine Mondo 2000 which, along with the print version of Boing Boing, with which it shared several writers, including Mark Frauenfelder, Richard Kadrey, Gareth Branwyn, and Jon Lebkowsky, helped develop what was to become the cyberpunk subculture. According to Jon Lebkowsky, a contributing editor of the online magazine Hot Wired, the evolution of the cyberpunk subculture within the vibrant digital culture of today was mediated by two important events: One was the opening of the Internet. The other was the appearance of Mondo 2000, published in California during the 80s and 90s. Mondo 2000’s editors were R.U. Sirius and Rudy Rucker, the great-great-great-grandson of Hegel, and also a member of the Church of the Subgenus, a Discordian off-shoot.[104]

According to Leary, Mondo 2000, which was subtitled A Space Age Newspaper of Psychedelics, Science, Human Potential, Irreverence and Modern Art, became “a beautiful merger of the psychedelic, the cybernetic, the cultural, the literary and the artistic.”[105] Mondo 2000 was first called High Frontiers, and then evolved into Reality Hackers in 1998, created by Sirius and hacker Jude Milhon, to better reflect its drugs and computers theme. Milhon, who is also known by her pseudonym St. Jude, and coined the term “cyberpunk,” was a member of a “lefto-revolutionist programming commune” in Berkeley that created the legendary Community Memory project, the first public online computer system. Reality Hackers eventually evolved into Mondo 2000, and the focus of the magazine shifted from the coverage of psychedelics to cyberculture.

Technolibertarianism is also known as extropianism, which was founded by Max More, who according to R.U. Sirius also coined the term transhumanism. According to Mark Dery in Escape Velocity: Cyberculture at the End of the Twentieth Century, “As theorized in Extropy, Extropian transhumanism is a marriage of Ayn Rand and Friedrich Nietzsche—specifically, Rand’s conviction that statism and collectivism are the roots of all evil and Nietzsche’s complementary concepts of the end of morality, the ‘will to power,’ and the Übermensch, or ‘overman’.”[106] More’s libertarianism is founded on his Luciferianism, as articulated in an article he wrote, “In Praise of the Devil”: “Lucifer perseveres in trying to point out to us that we have no reason to accept altruism. It is only freedom from the false-virtue of altruism that we gain freedom from God and ‘the State.’”[107]

A notorious exponent of technolibertarianism is Trump backer Peter Thiel, who together with Elon Musk is the most influential member of the “PayPal mafia,” as well as founder of the CIA-backed Palantir, the first investor of Facebook, and who is listed as a Steering Committee member of the infamous Bilderberg Group.[108] While in university, Thiel co-founded The Stanford Review, a conservative and libertarian newspaper, in 1987 with funding from the father of the neoconservative movement, Irving Kristol, who had operated Commentary magazine as a CIA front.[109] As Youssef El-Gingihy remarked in “How Silicon Valley, spooks and the super rich took control of the 21st century” in the Independent, “It appears that Thiel conceives of himself as this John Galt-type heroic figure lifted straight out of the pages of Ayn Rand’s Atlas Shrugged.”[110] Thiel, who is openly gay, is a friend of Ann Coulter, who dedicated her new book, Demonic: How the Liberal Mob Is Endangering America, to him. In a 2009 article for the Cato Institute, Thiel wrote of his commitment to “authentic human freedom as a precondition for the highest good. I stand against confiscatory taxes, totalitarian collectives, and the ideology of the inevitability of the death of every individual.”[111] Thiel was a major backer of Ron Paul in 2012.

In 2004, Thiel launched the CIA-backed Palantir Technologies, which is often cited as the source of the intel that allowed the Americans to capture Osama bin Laden. According to Geoff Shullenberger, the philosophical basis for Thiel’s founding of Palantir is found in an essay titled “The Straussian Moment,” published in 2007 in the volume Politics and Apocalypse, to explore the relationship of the ideas of Leo Strauss and his friend Carl Schmitt, the former “Crown Jurist” of the Third Reich, and key figure of the German Conservative Revolution, and their relationship to the mimetic theory of Girard.[112]

Thiel is also an exponent of a right-wing philosophy the neo-reactionary movement (sometimes abbreviated to NRx), an anti-democratic, anti-egalitarian, reactionary philosophy. The movement is also known as the Dark Enlightenment, a term coined by English author and philosopher Nick Land, in his essay of the same name. Land has been described as the “father” of accelerationism, a set of ideas which propose that capitalism and technological change should be drastically accelerated to create further radical social change.[113] Accelerationism reflected a similar approach adopted by Satanists, particularly the Process Church and Charles Manson. Land has also “highly-recommended” the works of David Myatt’s fascist Satanist Order of Nine Angles (O9A), whose international distributor is adept Kerry Bolton, founder of the Black Order and associate of Alexander Dugin, known as “Putin’s Rasputin.”[114]

Thiel is also on the advisory board of the Machine Intelligence Research Institute (MIRI), formerly the Singularity Institute for Artificial Intelligence. One of the directors of MIRI was Ray Kurzweil, a head of engineering at Google and the prophet of transhumanism. For the transhumanists, the Internet is not just an agglomeration of inert information, but poses the possibility of humanity creating a collective consciousness of the mystics. Effectively, transhumanism is the hallucination arrived at by computer scientists on drugs. As psychedelic drugs impede the ability to discern reality from imagination, they often lead to the mistaken attribution of life, or even “divinity,” to inanimate objects, like a computer program. The ultimate foolish dream of the transhumanists is that with the creation of “cyberspace,” we’ll be able to enter the “Pleroma,” the mystical realm of the ancient Gnostics, by “uploading” our minds to the Internet. Thus, the Internet will have come to serve as a totality of human knowledge, the omniscient collective consciousness of Teilhard de Chardin, also known as the “Global Brain.”

Heylighen is best known for his work on the Principia Cybernetica Project, his model of the Internet as a Global brain, and his contributions to the theories of memetics and self-organization. Heylighen presently works as a research professor at the Vrije Universiteit Brussels, the Dutch-speaking Free University of Brussels, where he directs the transdisciplinary research group on “Evolution, Complexity and Cognition” and the Global Brain Institute with Ben Goertzel. Goertzel is an American author, mathematician and researcher in the field of artificial intelligence. An advocate of psychedelics, Goertzel is also on the Advisory Board of the Timothy Leary Archive maintained by Michael Horowitz, father of Wynona Ryder. Teilhard’s concept of the Noosphere is also currently being researched as part of the Princeton Global Consciousness Project (GCP), which is privately funded through IONS. GCP monitors a geographically distributed network of hardware random number generators in a bid to identify anomalous outputs that correlate with widespread emotional responses to sets of world events, or periods of focused attention by large numbers of people.

A member of MIRI’s board of Research Advisors is Nick Bostrom, who is considered one of the founders of the transhumanist movement. In 1998, Bostrom co-founded the World Transhumanist Association (WTA), which has since changed its name to Humanity+. In 2004, he co-founded the Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies. Bostrom was named in Foreign Policy’s 2009 list of top global thinkers “for accepting no limits on human potential.”[115] In the A History of Transhumanist Thought, Bostrom traces the history of transhumanism to alchemy, Francis Bacon and Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein. Bostrom argues that if artificial intelligence can surpass that of humans, then this new superintelligence could replace humans as the dominant lifeform on Earth, which would mean an existential catastrophe for humans.

MIRI’s Director of Research was Humanity+ board member Ben Goertzel. With Belgian cyberneticist Francis Heylighen, Goertzel directs the transhumanist Global Brain Institute. Along with Marvin Minsky at MIT, Goertzel’s research has been backed by Jeffrey Epstein VI Foundation. Established in 2000 by convicted pedophile Jeffrey Epstein, the foundation funded Martin Nowak’s research at the Institute for Advanced Study (IAS) in Princeton, New Jersey, which studies the evolution of molecular biology with the use of mathematics. Nowak is the Professor of Biology and Mathematics and Director of the Program for Evolutionary Dynamics, a type of updated eugenics, at Harvard. Epstein actively funded several universities and science institutes including the Santa Fe Institute, MIT and MIT’s Media Lab.

Psychedelic Therapy

Peter Thiel has invested extensively in the emerging industry of psychedelic therapy.[116] Thiel’s CIA-backed Palantir assisted Cambridge Analytica, founded by CNP members Robert Mercer and Steve Bannon, in breaching Facebook to acquire user data in their microtargeting strategies in support of Donald Trump’s election. In 2018, the Mercer Foundation donated $1m to the Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), for studies of MDMA treatment of PTSD in veterans.[117] Pace and Devenot mention that Rebekah Mercer, the daughter of Robert Mercer, and an owner of Breitbart, has been funding MDMA therapy Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS).

MAPS’ liaison is Jonathan Lubecky, a former soldier who suffered from PTSD until he was “cured” through psychedelic therapy. According to the article: “According to social media posts by Lubecky and Rick Doblin’s description of Lubecky’s work, his contact with the American political right wing is far-ranging and includes figures such as former President Donald Trump, former Vice President Mike Pence, Rudy Gulliani and right-wing “conspiracy theorist” Alex Jones.”[118]

Rick Doblin, who studied with Dr. Stanislav Grof, is the founder of MAPS, received his doctorate in Public Policy from Harvard's Kennedy School of Government, where he wrote his dissertation on the regulation of the medical uses of psychedelics and marijuana. His undergraduate thesis at New College of Florida was a 25-year follow-up to the classic Good Friday Experiment, which evaluated the potential of psychedelic drugs to catalyze religious experiences. He also conducted a thirty-four year follow-up study to Timothy Leary’s Concord Prison Experiment.

MAPS “fiscally sponsored” the northern California-based Center for Consciousness Medicine, which was co-founded by Aharon Grossbard and his wife Françoise Bourzat, during its start-up phase. CCM is the most recent incarnation of the School of Consciousness Medicine. Grossbard and Bourzat have taught at the California Institute of Integral Studies (CIIS), and have close ties to the Hakomi Institute of California, which both teach alternative methods of psychotherapy and healing. Bourzat is an Alumni Faculty at the Esalen Institute.[119]

“It’s very cult-like,” said a source who used to be close to Grossbard and Bourzat’s community. As reported by Katie MacBride in an article for Inverse, seven sources close to the community allege to a decades-long pattern of sexual contact between guides and clients, with Grossbard and Bourzat acting as leaders who felt “above” professional and ethical standards, and that they passed those beliefs onto their trainees, some of whom then repeated the behavior. Five of the seven sources said it was common for Grossbard to give his male patients high doses of psychedelics, and “ritualistically anoint” them by touching their genitals and sometimes inserting his finger into their anus, which he claimed was to “clear the root chakra.”[120]

According to an ABC News report, as director of MAPS, Doblin has given comment on the publicised serious allegations of sexual assault by MAPS-employed therapists engaging in a clinical trial trialling psychedelic MDMA as therapy for survivors of sexual assault. Four years after Meaghan Buisson submitted a formal complaint to MAPS regarding the series of incidents, Doblin defended the organisation failing to review all videos of the sessions, stating “This unethical sexual misconduct happened after the therapy was over … So that made us think that we didn’t need to review the video.”[121]

The article states that the woman in this case, Meaghan Buisson, in the months after the clinical trial finished, Buisson moved to the island of Cortes, where Dr. Donna Dryer and Richard Yensen lived, for further treatment. “The first clinician I really spoke to after I escaped from Cortes summarised my experiences… as being seduced, drugged, raped, blamed and held as a sex slave for nearly two years,” Buisson said. “To posit complex emotion as something that can simply be excised by a pill … a drug like MDMA, that may have healing properties, but it can also be intensely traumatic,” she added. “It can actually make things worse.”[122]

In a civil claim filed in B.C. Supreme Court in 2018, Buisson alleges she was repeatedly sexually assaulted by Yensen, with Dryer’s knowledge, while in treatment with the couple. Yensen does not deny having sex with Buisson, but accuses her of initiating it, describing her as “a skilled manipulator.” Yensen also denies owing her the responsivity of care inherent in a doctor-patient relationship, because they were merely fellow participants in a research study, but with different roles. The civil claim has since been settled out of court, though MAPS has acknowledged that Yensen carried on an “unethical” sexual relationship with Buisson and said Dryer knew but failed to report it to any authorities. The organization has cut ties with both Yensen and Dryer.

[1] Brian A. Pace & Nese Devenot. “Right-Wing Psychedelia: Case Studies in Cultural Plasticity and Political Pluripotency.” Front Psychol (December 2021). Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8717779/

[2] Ross Ellenhorn & Dimitri Mugianis. “Why is the American right suddenly so interested in psychedelic drugs?” The Guardian (October 18, 2022). Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2022/oct/18/psychedelic-drugs-us-republican-thiel-mercer-foundation

[3] Alexander Berzin, “The Nazi Connection with Shambhala and Tibet,” The Berzin Archives, (May 2003)

[4] Armin Mohler. The Conservative Revolution in Germany, 1918-1932 (ARES Verlag, Gmbh, 2018).

[5] Kurt Sontheimer. Antidemokratisches Denken in der Weimarer Republik (Munich: Nymphenburger Verlag, 1968), pp. 13-14; cited in Roger Wood. The Conservative Revolution in the Weimar Republic (University of Nottingham, 1996), p. 29.

[6] E. Kövics and Mary Boros-Kazai. “Coudenhove-Kalergi's Pan-Europe Movement on the Questions of International Politicsduring the 1920s.” Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, Vol. 25, No. 3/4 (1979), pp. 233.

[7] Hans Thomas Hakl. Eranos: An Alternative Intellectual History of the Twentieth Century (New York: Routledge, 2014), p. 26.

[8] Guido Müller. “France and Germany after the Great War,“ in Jessica C. E. Gienow-Hecht, Frank Schumacher, ed. Culture and International History (Berghan Book, 2003), p. 103.

[9] Guido Müller. Europäische Gesellschaftsbeziehungen nach dem Ersten Weltkrieg: Das Deutsch-Französische Studienkomitee und der Europäische Kulturbund (Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG, 2014), p. 391, n. 247.

[10] Jay Sherry. Carl Jung: Avant-Garde Conservative (Palgrave MacMillan, 2010), p. 84.

[11] Ibid., p. 93.

[12] Müller. Europäische Gesellschaftsbeziehungen nach dem Ersten Weltkrieg, n. 247.

[13] Guido Müller. “France and Germany After the Great War.” Culture and International History. Ed. Jessica C. E. Gienow-Hecht & Frank Schumacher (New York: Berghahn Books, 2003), p. 104.

[14] Jay Sherry. Carl Jung: Avant-Garde Conservative (Palgrave MacMillan, 2010).

[15] Ibid., p. 225.

[16] Glen Yeadon & John Hawkins. Nazi Hydra in America: Suppressed History of America (Joshua Tree, Calif: Progressive Press, 2008), pp. 43, 80.

[17] See David Livingstone. Ordo ab Chao, Chapter 9: JFK Assassination and Chapter 13: Counterculture.

[18] Lee & Shlain. Acid Dreams, p. 190.

[19] Michael Sordet. “The Secret League of Monopoly Capitalism.” Schweiner Annalen (No. 2, 1946-47).

[20] Olivier Dard & Alexandre Moatti. “Aux origines du mot ’transhumanisme.” Futuribles, Association Futuribles, 2016.

[21] Olivier Dard. Jean Coutrot: de l'ingénieur au prophète (Presses Univ. Franche-Comté, 1999), p. 223, 379-381.

[22] Henry Chavin. Rapport confidentiel sur la société secrète polytechnicienne dite Mouvement synarchique d’Empire (MSE) ou Convention synarchique révolutionnaire (1941), p. 8.

[23] Henry Chavin. Rapport confidentiel sur la société secrète polytechnicienne dite Mouvement synarchique d’Empire (MSE) ou Convention synarchique révolutionnaire (1941), p. 8.

[24] Susan Ronald. A Dangerous Woman: American Beauty, Noted Philanthropist, Nazi Collaborator - The Life of Florence Gould (2018).

[25] Ernst Junger. A German Officer in Occupied Paris (New York: Columbia University Press, 2019). p. xvi.

[26] Pierre Teilard de Chardin. The Human Phenomenon (Brighton: Sussex Academic Press), p. 114.

[27] Hans Thomas Hakl. Eranos: An Alternative Intellectual History of the Twentieth Century (New York: Routledge, 2014), p. 106.

[28] Arthur B. Darling. “The Birth of Central Intelligence.” Adapted from a history of the CIA to 1950 completed by the author in 1953. For a preceding portion, devoted principally to the OSS, see Studies VIII 3, p. 55 ff. Retrieved from https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/kent-csi/vol10no2/html/v10i2a01p_0001.htm

[29] Wiener. God & Golem Inc, p. 5.

[30] Erik Davis. TechGnosis: Myth, Magic and Mysticism in the Age of Information. (London: Serpents Tail, 2004) p. 151.

[31] David Livingstone. Transhumanism: The History of a Dangerous Idea (Sabilillah Publications, 2015), p. 276.

[32] R.U. Sirius. “The CIA, LSD and the Occult.” Interview by with Martin Lee (High Frontiers, issue #4   1987)

[33] Todd Brendan Fahey, “The Original Captain Trips,” High Times, (November 1991).

[34] Tamir Bar-On. Where Have All The Fascists Gone? (Routledge, 2016); Jacob Taubes. To Carl Schmitt: Letters and Reflections (Columbia University Press, 2013).

[35] Nicola Lebourg. “The French Far Right in Russia’s Orbit.” Carnegie Council for Ethics in International Affairs (May 15, 2018).

[36] “CIA funds research by Eysenck.” New Statesman (1979).

[37] Sarah Boseley. “Work of renowned UK psychologist Hans Eysenck ruled ‘unsafe’.” The Guardian (October 11, 2019).

[38] Yeadon & Hawkins. Nazi Hydra in America, p. 163.

[39] Kruse. One Nation Under God, p. 7.

[40] Ann Fields, “Apostle to Millionaires.” Coronet (August 1944), p. 87.

[41] “Temple Architects Hall of Honor.” The Scottish Rite of Freemasonry (scottishrite.org, retrieved 30 November 2016).

[42] Ibid., p. 158.

[43] Ibid., p. 166.

[44] Ibid., p. 167.

[45] Sharlet. The Family, p. 190.

[46] Ames. “Meet Charles Koch’s Brain.”

[47] Lee. The Beast Reawakens, p. 85.

[48] Carlson. The Plotters (Dutton, 1946), p. 288-289; Ralph Morris Goldman. The Future Catches Up: American Political Parties and Politics (Writers Club Press, 2012), p. 96.

[49] Daniel Knegt. Fascism, Liberalism and Europeanism in the Political Thought of Bertrand de Jouvenel and Alfred Fabre-Luce (Amsterdam University Press B.V., Amsterdam 2017), p. 56.

[50] Daniel Knegt. Fascism, Liberalism and Europeanism in the Political Thought of Bertrand de Jouvenel and Alfred Fabre-Luce (Amsterdam University Press B.V., Amsterdam 2017), p. 20.

[51] Hayek. Constitution and Liberty, p. 485.

[52] William E. Scheuerman. “The unholy alliance of Carl Schmitt and Friedrich A. Hayek,” Constellations, Volume 4, Issue 2, (October 1997), pp. 172–188.

[53] Foundation for Economic Education (FEE). Retrieved from https://www.herinst.org/BusinessManagedDemocracy/culture/businessvalues/FEE.html

[54] Ronald Hamowy, ed. The Encyclopedia of Libertarianism (Thousand Oaks, Cambridge Analytica: SAGE Publications, Cato Institute, 2008), p. 492; Philip Mirowski & Dieter Plehwe. The Road from Mont Pèlerin: The Making of the Neoliberal Thought Collective (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2009), p. 15.

[55] Ibid.

[56] Abbie Hoffman. Soon to be a Major Motion Picture (New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1980), p. 73

[57] Ibid.

[58] Ibid.

[59] See David Livingstone. Ordo ab Chao, Chapter 9: JFK Assassination and Chapter 13: Counterculture.

[60] Martin A. Lee & Bruce Shlain. Acid Dreams: The Complete Social History of LSD : The CIA, the Sixties, and Beyond (Grove Press, 1992). pp. 97–98.

[61] David Livingstone. Ordo ab Chao, Chapter 9: JFK Assassination and Chapter 13: Counterculture.

[62] Nigel Cawthorne. Cults: The World’s Most Notorious Cults (London: Quercus Publishing, 2019).

[63] Hans Thomas Hakl. Eranos: An Alternative Intellectual History of the Twentieth Century (New York: Routledge, 2014), p. 106.

[64] Gerhard Wehr. Karlfried Graf Dürckheim: Leben im Zeichen der Wandlung (Freiburg, 1996), p. 75.

[65] Alan W. Watts. In My Own Way: An Autobiography 1915–1965 (Vintage, 1973), p. 321.

[66] Ted Peters & Carl E. Braaten (ed.). A map of twentieth-century theology: readings from Karl Barth to radical pluralism (Fortress Press, 1995).

[67] Hue Woodson. Heideggerian Theologies: The Pathmarks of John Macquarrie, Rudolf Bultmann, Paul Tillich, and Karl Rahner (Eugene: Wipf and Stock, 2018), pp. 94–107.

[68] Hans Thomas Hakl. Eranos: An Alternative Intellectual History of the Twentieth Century (New York: Routledge, 2014), p. 368 n. 297.

[69] Hakl. Eranos, p. 106.

[70] Hakl. Eranos, p. 106.

[71] Barclay James Erickson. “The Only Way Out Is In: The Life Of Richard Price.” In Jeffrey Kripal and Glenn W. Shuck (editors), On The Edge Of The Future: Esalen And The Evolution Of American Culture (Indiana University Press, 2005) p. 139-40.

[72] “The Aquarian Conspiracy”; Konstandinos Kalimtgis David Goldman and Jeffrey Steinberg, Dope Inc.

[73] Andrew Pickering. The Cybernetic Brain: Sketches of Another Future (The University of Chicago Press, 2011) p. 174.

[74] Carol Greene. TestTube Murder: The Case of Charles Manson (Germany, 1992).

[75] The Gestalt Legacy Project. The Life and Practice of Richard Price: A Gestalt Biography. (Lulu.com, 2014 ) p. 75.

[76] Lee & Shlain, Acid Dreams, p. 156.

[77] Jay Stevens. Storming Heaven.

[78] Accoding to Myron Stolaroff, in “Hofmann’s Potion.” Documentary by Connie Littlefield, NFB.

[79] Picknett & Prince, The Stargate Conspiracy, p. 319.

[80] Hans Thomas Hakl. Eranos: An Alternative Intellectual History of the Twentieth Century (New York: Routledge, 2014), p. 130.

[81] Wasserstrom. “Defeating Evil from Within,” p. 49.

[82] Mircea Eliade, Shamanism: Archaic Techniques of Ecstasy, (Princeton University Press, Princeton, 2004), p. 4.

[83] Joseph Campbell, “Masks of Oriental Gods: Symbolism of Kundalini Yoga,” Literature of Belief: Sacred Scripture and Religious Experience, ed. Neal E. Lambert (Provo, UT: Religious Studies Center, Brigham Young University, 1981), p. 109–38.

[84] Stanislav Grof. “A Brief History of Transpersonal Psychology,” StanislavGrof.com.

[85] Hobson, G. “The Rise of the White Shaman as a New Version of Cultural Imperialism.” in: Hobson, Gary, ed. The Remembered Earth. (Albuquerque, NM: Red Earth Press; 1978) p. 100-108.

[86]   Claudio Naranjo. World Public Library. [http://www.worldlibrary.org/articles/claudio_naranjo]

[87] J.G. Bennett. Gurdjieff: Making a New World (London: Turnstone Books, 1973) p. 9.

[88] John C. Lilly & Joseph E. Hart, “The Arica Training,” Transpersonal psychologies, edited by Charles T Tart (Routledge, 1975).

[89] Kripal, Esalen, America and the Religion of No Religion, p. 177.

[90] S. Esbjörn-Hargens. Introduction. Esbjörn-Hargens (ed.) “Integral Theory in Action: Applied, Theoretical, and Constructive Perspectives on the AQAL Model.” (Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 2010)

[91] Steve Paulson. “You are the river: An interview with Ken Wilber.” Salon.com (April 28, 2008)

[92] Torsten Passie. “The early use of MDMA (‘Ecstasy') in psychotherapy (1977-1985).” Drug Science, Policy and Law, Volume 4 (January-December 2018). Retrieved from https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2050324518767442#bibr104-2050324518767442

[93] Torsten Passie. “The early use of MDMA (‘Ecstasy') in psychotherapy (1977-1985).” Drug Science, Policy and Law, Volume 4 (January-December 2018). Retrieved from https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2050324518767442#bibr104-2050324518767442

[94] Torsten Passie. “The early use of MDMA (‘Ecstasy') in psychotherapy (1977-1985).” Drug Science, Policy and Law, Volume 4 (January-December 2018). Retrieved from https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2050324518767442#bibr104-2050324518767442

[95] Retrieved from https://hollyhock.ca/about/

[96] Pamela Chaloult. “How big money drives social change Green philanthropists are striving to turn Metro Vancouver into a sustainable nirvana.” Vancouver Sun (August 8, 2010). Retrieved from http://www.renewalpartners.com/blog/pamela-chaloult/vancouver-sun-article-carol-newell-and-joel-solomon; "Vancouver City Hollyhock." City Caucus (March 8, 2010). Retrieved from  https://web.archive.org/web/20100310043459/https://www.citycaucus.com/2010/03/vancouver-city-hollyhock

[97] Torsten Passie. “The early use of MDMA (‘Ecstasy') in psychotherapy (1977-1985).” Drug Science, Policy and Law, Volume 4 (January-December 2018). Retrieved from https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2050324518767442#bibr104-2050324518767442

[98] James Kent. “Terence McKenna Interview,” Part 2. Trip Zine. (2001-05-01) [http://www.tripzine.com/listing.php?smlid=96]

[99] Bethany Lindsay. “As psychedelic therapy goes mainstream, former patient warns of danger of sexual abuse.” CBC News (March 18, 2021). Retrieved from https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/bc-sexual-abuse-psychedelic-therapy-1.5953480

[100] Richard Barbrook & Andy Cameron. “The Californian Ideology,” Mute Vol 1, No. 3 - CODE (1 September 1995).

[101] stephinrazin. “Timothy Leary: Psychedelics to Internet.” Retrieved from http://www.docstoc.com/docs/39010334/21065137-Timothy-Leary-Psychedelics-to-Internet

[102] Timothy Leary, Michael Horowitz & Vicky Marshall. Chaos and Cyber Culture. (Ronin Publishing, 1994).

[103] Mark Ames. “Homophobia, racism and the Kochs: The tech-libertarian “Reboot” conference is a cesspool.” Pando (July 8, 2014).

[104] “Family tree of Rucker’s mother’s brother, Rudolf von Bitter” (PDF). Rudyrecker.com.

[105] Turner. From Counterculture to Cyberculture, p. 164.

[106] Mark Dery. Escape Velocity.

[107] “In Praise of the Devil.” Lucifer.com.

[108] Carole Cadwalladr. “Peter Thiel: ‘We attribute too much to luck. Luck is an atheistic word for God’.” The Observer (September 21, 2014). p. 8.

[109] George Packer. The Unwinding: An Inner History of the New America (Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2013), p. 125

[110] Ibid.

[111] Peter Thiel. “The Education of a Libertarian.” Response Essays, Cato Unbound (April 13, 2009).

[112] Geoff Shullenberger. “The Intellectual Origins of Surveillance Tech” (July 17, 2020). Retrieved from https://outsidertheory.com/the-intellectual-origins-of-surveillance-tech/

[113] Andy Beckett. “Accelerationism: How a fringe philosophy predicted the future we live in.” The Guardian (May 11, 2017).

[114] Nick Land. “Occult Xenosystems.” Xenosystems (October 11, 2020). Retrieved from http://www.xenosystems.net/occult-xenosystems/

[115] “The FP Top 100 Global Thinkers – 73. Nick Bostrom.” Foreign Policy (December 2009).

[116] Ross Ellenhorn & Dimitri Mugianis. “Why is the American right suddenly so interested in psychedelic drugs?” The Guardian (October 18, 2022). Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2022/oct/18/psychedelic-drugs-us-republican-thiel-mercer-foundation

[117] Ibid.

[118] Brian A. Pace & Nese Devenot. “Right-Wing Psychedelia: Case Studies in Cultural Plasticity and Political Pluripotency.” Front Psychol (December 2021). Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8717779/

[119] Katie MacBride. “Aharon said it was healing.” Inverse (November 16, 2021). Retrieved from https://www.inverse.com/mind-body/grossbard-bourzat-psychedelic-assisted-therapy-abuse

[120] Katie MacBride. “Aharon said it was healing.” Inverse (November 16, 2021). Retrieved from https://www.inverse.com/mind-body/grossbard-bourzat-psychedelic-assisted-therapy-abuse

[121] Elise Worthington, Kyle Taylor & Tynan King. “Meaghan thought psychedelic therapy could help her PTSD. Instead it was the start of a nightmare.” ABC News (July 25, 2022). Retrieved from https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-07-25/horrifying-video-of-mdma-drug-trial/101241532

[122] Elise Worthington, Kyle Taylor & Tynan King. “Meaghan thought psychedelic therapy could help her PTSD. Instead it was the start of a nightmare.” ABC News (July 25, 2022). Retrieved from https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-07-25/horrifying-video-of-mdma-drug-trial/ https://hollyhock.ca/about/ 101241532

 We have one incident which is clear evidence of the type of activity happening amongst the elite, as portrayed in Kubrick’s Eyes Wide Shut, whose ritual sex scenes were filmed at Mentmore Towers, a nineteenth-century English country house built between 1852 and 1854 for the Rothschild family. That is the Profumo Affair, and it connects all the recent satanic currents, and involving the CIA, MK-Ultra, Aleister Crowley’s OTO, the Chruch of Scientology founded by Crowley’s protegee L. Ron Hubbard, the Manson Family murders, the Process Church, the Son of Sam serial killer, and the sexual abuse in Hollywood brought to light by the #MeToo movement.

The Profumo Affair was a major scandal in Britain, when it was exposed that John Profumo, the Secretary of State for War in Harold Macmillan’s Conservative government, who was touted to become Prime Minister, had an extramarital affair with nineteen-year-old model Christine Keeler beginning in 1961. Keeler’s pimp was Dr. Stephan Ward, a British osteopath to the stars, whose wide network of influential friends, including American ambassador and Skull and Bones member, W. Averell Harriman, Winston Churchill, Colin Coote, the editor of the Daily Telegraph, Roger Hollis, the head of MI5, Anthony Blunt, nephew of Wilfrid Scawen Blunt and Surveyor of the Queen’s Pictures, Geoffrey Nicholson, the Conservative MP, Peter Rachman, the famous slum landlord and the actor, Douglas Fairbanks Jr., and Prince Philip. Ward also befriended William Astor, 3rd Viscount Astor (1907 – 1966), the son of Nancy Astor, whose country house, Cliveden, became the center of the Cliveden Set, another name for the Rhodes Round Table, involved in the policy of appeasement of Nazi Germany.

It was rumored that Ward was involved in occultism, and some have tried to link him to the Golden Dawn or to one of its offshoots in Great Britain.[1] He was known to have been interested in occultism and “black magic.”[2] As Keeler later recalled in her autobiography, The Truth at Last, about the parties of Cliveden:

Stephen could always sense people’s sexual tastes—and egg them on, make them go further than they might have otherwise… Stephen new all the Masonic handshakes and he said that at some the of parties the girls would wear leather Masonic aprons. “They would be flicked up and down like a sporran,” he laughed.”

Some of the women Stephen was involved with were heavily into sadistic sex and there were “black magic” parties, which were really just an excuse for group sex sessions. There would be phallic totem poles around which all these women would brown and scrape.[3]

Profumo and other cabinet ministers were also attending sex parties being held by Mariella Novotny, whose was part of Ward’s bevy of females, including Mandy Rice-Davies and Suzy Chang. In 1960, Novotny travelled to the United States with Chang, and became involved in relationships with leading politicians, including both John F. Kennedy and Robert Kennedy. In early 1961, Novotny had been in New York and, she said later, was procured for the President-elect by his brother-in-law, “Rat Pack” member Peter Lawford.[4] It was Lawford who introduced an evidently drugged Marilyn Monroe when she famously, “Happy Birthday, Mr. President” on stage at John F. Kennedy’s early birthday celebration at Madison Square Garden in New York on May 19, 9162, a few months before her death.

Monroe’s psychiatrist at the time and self-professed “Svengali” was Ralph Greenson.[5] Greenson had been recommended by her former psychiatrist, Marianne Kris, a close friend of Anna Freud, who also analyzed Monroe in 1957. Marriane was married to Dr. Ernst Kris of the New School for Social Research, the American branch of the Frankfurt School. Ernst Kris was one of several psychiatrists involved in producing the “Analysis of the Personality of Adolph Hitler,” commissioned by Bill Donovan of the OSS, and headed by Carl Jung’s friend, Henry A. Murray, the American psychologist and colleague of Timothy Leary at Harvard University, who from 1959 to 1962 conducted a series of psychologically damaging experiments on undergraduate students, one of whom was Ted Kaczynski, later known as the Unabomber.[6]

Summer of Love

Kennedy appointed David Bruce as ambassador to the United Kingdom. By 1962, Bruce was becoming concerned about allegations swirling about Profumo Affair, and dispatched Thomas Corbally, and William “Billy” Mellon Hitchcock, his nephew by marriage, to a meeting with Dr. Stephen Ward.[7] Bruce knew of Corbally’s friendship with Ward from Hitchock, whose Center Hitchcock had become involved with another of Ward’s girls, Keeler’s friend Mandy Rice-Davies, in Paris three months earlier.[8] 

After World War II, a number influential members of the Mellon family maintained close ties with the CIA, and Mellon family foundations have been used repeatedly as CIA fronts. During his tenure as CIA director, Richard Helms was a frequent guest of the Mellons in Pittsburgh.[9] Author F. Scott Fitzgerald modeled two characters in his books on Billy’s father, Tommy Hitchcock Jr.: Tom Buchanan in The Great Gatsby (1925) and the Tommy Barban in Tender Is the Night (1934).[10] After leaving Harvard in 1962, Timothy Leary moved his operations to the Hitchcock Estate in Millbrook, where Billy Mellon Hitchcock funded his and Richard Alpert’s International Foundation for Internal Freedom (IFIF) and later financed an LSD manufacturing operation.[11]

Leary, who was a key influence in the Summer of Love, believed he was the rebirth of infamous satanist Aleister Crowley, the self-professed “Beast 666,” and was supposed to complete the work that Crowley began.[12] Crowley’s influence has transformed itself into a post-modern variation of magic, known as chaos magic, exemplified by the Illuminates of Thanateros (IOT), a secret society to which belonged not only Timothy Leary, but also Robert Anton Wilson as well as William S. Burroughs.[13] A former associate at Harvard, Charles Slack, who was then working as a journalist for a New York magazine, recalls when he asked Leary what the secret of his success was, who replied with one word: Faust:

“You’re joking,” I said when it sank in.
“No,” he replied, “but it often begins as a joke.”
“You mean you… you don’t mean it. You didn’t.”
“Yes I did,” he said. “Didn’t I, Ed?”
“He sure did,” said Ed in a steady voice.
“Oh my God,” I said.
“But that’s exactly what I said, too, at the time.”[14]

In addition to his dealings with the Mafia’s Resorts International, according to in Marin Lee and Bruce Shlain in Acid Dreams, Hitchcock maintained a private account at Castle Bank and Trust the Bahamas, founded in 1962 by Black Eagle Trust Fund conspirator Paul Helliwell, paymaster for the CIA’s failed Bay of Pigs invasion and boss of JKK conspirator and Watergate burglar E. Howard Hunt. The purpose of Castle Bank, that catered to mobsters, entertainers, drug dealers, and Republican politicians, was to help launder LSD and marijuana profits. Richard M. Nixon was among three hundred prominent Americans who used Castle. The bank’s clientele included actor Tony Curtis, the rock group Creedence Clearwater Revival, Playboy publisher Hugh Hefner, Bob Guccione’s Penthouse, Chiang Kai-shek’s daughter and her husband, and eccentric billionaire Howard Hughes.[15]

Seymour (“The Head”) Lazare, a wealthy business associate of Billy Hitchcock, along with Ralph Metzner, Leonard Cohen, and MK-Ultra doctor Andrija Puharich, are said to have visited John Starr Cooke in Mexico.[16] Cooke was in contact with Sherman Kent, Allen Dulles’s right-hand man during the Cold War.[17] Cooke achieved renown as a psychic and for his possession of a tarot deck with the handwritten annotations of its previous owner, Aleister Crowley. From his headquarters in Cuernavaca, Mexico, Cook dispatched a number of his rangers to various locations of psychedelic activity in North America and Europe. Bowen went to Millbrook to lure Leary’s entourage back to Mexico where Cooke was leading séances while high on acid.[18] Cooke was also a mentor Michael Bowen, an icon of the Beat Generation and the 1960s counterculture and one of the founder of the San Francisco Oracle. The world’s attention was brought to the San Francisco Renaissance after the Human Be-In of January 14, 1967, in San Francisco, first announced in The Oracle, whose offices were visited by members of the Process Church.[19]

Among Dr. Stephen Ward’s “girlfriends” was also Mary Anne MacLean, a former Scientologist and co-founder of the satanic Process Church of the Final Judgement, which was linked to the Manson Family atrocities, which connected numerous Hollywood celebrities and musicians, like the Mamas and the Papas and the Beach Boys, to Roman Polanski’s Rosemary’s Baby, a film about a coven who bring about the birth of Satan’s child.[20] Rosemary’s Baby was directed by Roman Polanski, whose wife Sharon Tate and unborn child were brutally murdered by the Manson Family. Sharon’s first big film was in 1965 in Eye of the Devil, a movie about human sacrifice. English magician Alex Saunders, known as “King of the Witches”, who was hired as technical adviser, later claimed to have initiated Tate into witchcraft. Polanski also produced home sex videos he shared with friends. Polanski also filmed sadomasochistic orgies at their house and showed the movies at parties.[21]

Incest was the theme of Polanski’s 1974 film noire Chinatown, starring John Huston, Jack Nicholson and Faye Dunaway, which is nevertheless frequently listed as one of the greatest films of all time. Huston himself directed the Masonically-themed The Man Who Would Be King, based on a novella by Kipling, and starring Sean Connery, Michael Caine and Christopher Plummer. Polanski was himself convicted of having unlawful sex with a minor in 1977. Huston’s ex-wife Dorothy later married Dr. George Hodel, who was suspected in the ritual murder of American woman Elizabeth Short, a.k.a. the Black Dahlia. Hodel’s Hollywood house, which was the site of wild parties, sometimes joined by Huston and photographer Man Ray, who had attended Maria Naglowska’s sex-magic society, the Confrerie de la Flèche d’Or.[22]

In late 1949, Hodel’s teenaged daughter Tamar accused him of sexual abuse. Hodel was acquitted after Tamar’s mother, Hodel’s second wife, testified that her daughter was a liar. “When I was 11” Tamar explained, my father taught me to perform oral sex on him.” Her father also “plied her with erotic books, grooming her for what he touted as their transcendent union,” and freely shared her with his influential friends.[23] Tamar talked of how she “often ‘uncomfortably’ posed nude… for ‘dirty-old-man’ Man Ray and had once wriggled free from a predatory John Huston.”[24]

Tamar “groomed” Michelle Phillips, who married John Phillips when she was only sixteen and became a founding member of the Mamas and Papas.[25] Manson Family victims Voytek Frykowski and his girlfriend, the twenty-five year-old coffee heiress Abigail Folger, lived across the street from Mama Cass Elliot and knew her well. Manson Family associate Charles Melton said: “I’ve heard that Charlie used to go down to Mama Cass’s place and they were all sitting around and she’d bring out the food. Squeaky [Fromme, who later tried to shoot President Gerald Ford] and Gypsy [Catherine Share] were down there. Everyone would jam and have fun and eat.”[26]

John and Michelle Phillips’ daughter Mackenzie eventually became the star of the hit TV show in the 70s called One Day at a Time, before gaining infamy for substance abuse issues. In September 2009, Mackenzie released her memoir, High on Arrival, which revealed the source of the anxieties she was struggling to cope with. In addition to introducing her to drugs at the age of eleven by injecting her with cocaine, Mackenzie claimed that “Papa” John had raped her on the eve of her first marriage, and had engaged in an incestuous affair with her that spanned a decade, and ended only when she became pregnant and did not know who the father was. Likewise, her sister Chynna Phillips, who hinted as similar abuse, also eventually entered rehab. Chynna first became known in 1990 as third of the vocal group Wilson Phillips, alongside Carnie and Wendy Wilson, the daughters of the reclusive Brian Wilson of the Beach Boys.

Son of Sam

Rosemary’s Baby and Chinatown were produced by famous Hollywood executive Robert Evans, who was linked to the Process Church through his friendship with one of its leaders. In The Ultimate Evil, Maury Terry linked the Process Church to the Son of Sam, aka David Berkowitz. Peter Levenda, the suspected author of the Nicronomicon, admitted in Sinister Forces that he and his circle also had several friends in common with the Son of Sam himself, who all visited the Magickal Childe Bookshop in Chelsea, founded by Herman Slater (1938 – 1992), an American Wiccan high priest. The Magickal Childe also served as the launching pad for the explosive growth of Aleister Crowley’s OTO in the city. Robert Anton Wilson and Robert Shea had just published their Illuminatus! trilogy, and interest in secret societies and occult lore was sweeping through counterculture circles. Grady McMurtry was attempting to revive the OTO in California and had just succeeded in having Crowley’s Thoth tarot deck published. According to Levenda:

From that year until 1984 I found myself in the center of many of the incidents recounted in Terry’s book, at least those that involved the Warlock Shop, Brooklyn Heights, the OTO, and the various other secret societies and cults with their tenuous connections to the Scientologists, the Process Church of the Final Judgement, the Church of Satan, the Ku Klux Klan, the National Renaissance Party, and all the various witchcraft covens and personalities, from the Gardnerians to the Alexandrians and Welsh Traditionalists, from Raymond Buckland to Leo Martello and Margot Adler, from covens gay and straight and mixed, to covens clothed and “sky clad.” What was going on was much more blatant, much more vigorous, than even Terry suspected.[27]

As Terry reported, Berkowitz attended parties in Connecticut at the house of Roy Cohn, Donald Trump's mentor, and the original creator of the pedophile blackmail network eventually inherited by Jeffrey Epstein. According to John DeCamp, author of The Franklin Cover-Up, the sexual blackmail operation of Edwin Wilson—Iran-Contra operator and leading member of Ted Shackley’s Secret Team, and the JFK Operation 40 assassination team—was merely a continuation of the one set up by Roy Cohn during the McCarthy era with Lewis Rosenstiel and J. Edgar Hoover. According to his CIA partner Frank Terpil, Wilson ran a CIA-directed sexual blackmailing pedophile ring, of the kind which were intensive in Washington at about the time of the Watergate scandal.

Cohn admitted to NYPD detective James Rothstein that he was part of an elaborate sexual blackmail operation that compromised politicians with child prostitutes, carried out as part of an anticommunist crusade. According to Rothstein, “Cohn’s job was to run the little boys. Say you had an admiral, a general, a congressman, who did not want to go along with the program. Cohn’s job was to set them up, then they would go along. Cohn told me that himself.”[28] Rothstein also had an opportunity to speak to infamous Operation 40 Watergate burglar Frank Sturgis, who revealed that one of the reasons for breaking into the Democratic National Committee headquarters was a hidden “Pedophile Book,” which was supposed to have a list of politicians.[29]

According to David Berkowitz, the Process Church, which was also linked by Terry to the Manson killings, provided children for sex at parties held by wealthy people in Westchester, Manhattan, Connecticut, and Long Island. Berkowitz informed Terry that one of these parties were held at Cohn’s house in Connecticut. Additionally, two further witnesses maintained that occasionally present at these parties were a Yonkers judge, at least two Westchester County politicians, a high-ranking New York state politician, a celebrated but later-murdered physician, a Nobel Prize-winning doctor, and two aides to then-mayor of New York City Abraham Beame.[30]

Down Under 

Roy Cohn was also close personal friends of Rupert Murdoch, whose friend Kerry Packer was also named by Fiona Barnett as part of a VIP pedophile ring of Satanic ritual abuse and international child trafficking involving MK-Ultra doctors. [31] Barnett claims that a network, composed of famous actors, celebrities, judges, politicians and other high-flyers, has infiltrated all the key organizations and institutions in Australia, just as in the US and Britain. She asserts that Australia harboured a large number of Nazi war criminals, including her own step-grandparents. She also recalls being at Bohemian Grove. Among those who Barnett claims sexually assaulted, raped and tortured her, were former Australian Prime Ministers Gough Whitlam, Bob Hawke and Paul Keating, as well as Richard Nixon, Billy Graham and Ted Turner.[32] Barnett claims she was used as a human guinea pig, subjected to child rape, electrocution and torture at locations including Pine Gap, Holsworthy Army Base and Lucas Heights nuclear reactor, as part of the JASON Project by MK-Ultra doctors John Gittinger and Dr. Antony Kidman, the father of actress Nicole Kidman, with the full knowledge and approval of the Australian Government.[33]

Kidman studied at the University of Pennsylvania with Dr. Aaron Tim Beck, the father of Clinical Psychology and an advisory board member of the False Memory Syndrome Foundation (FMSF), a CIA-front involved in covering up claims of satanic ritual abuse (SRA). It was there Kidman became a longtime colleague of Dr. Martin Seligman, a man whose career research has been made the core of the CIA’s torture program.[34] Kidman returned to Australia in 1972 after years of work at St. Elizabeth’s Hospital, Washington D.C., in the Laboratory of Preclinical Pharmacology, which was involved with LSD research and served as a hub of the Scottish Rite Schizophrenia Research Program.[35]

In Batman Forever (1995), produced by Tim Burton and directed by Joel Schumacher, Nicole Kidman plaid Dr. Chase Meridian, a psychologist specializing in multiple personality disorders and recovering repressed memories. She diagnoses Two Face (Tommy Lee Jones) and Riddles (Jim Carrey” as suffering from the condition, and suggests to Bruce Wayne that he may be suffering the same, a symptom that she herself seems to suffer as she becomes attracted to Batman and Wayne in different ways. When Meridian and Batman meet, they discuss the option of reasoning with Two Face to release innocent hostages, but Meridian concludes that it’s futile, as “he will slaughter them without thinking twice.” Batman begins to explain that a “trauma strong enough to create an alternative personality leaves the victim…,” and Meridian interrupts to finish by saying “…in a world where normal rules of right and wrong no longer apply.”

Children of God

Ralph Underwager, founding member of the False Memory Syndrome Foundation (FMSF), filed an affidavit on behalf of members of the Children of God (COG), who were tried in France in 1992, insisting that the accused were positively “not guilty of abuse upon children.”[36] Like many other child stars, including River Phoenix, Rose McGowan—one of the most vocal advocates of the #MeToo movement against sexual harassment and sexual assault that followed sexual-abuse allegations against Hollywood mogul Harvey Weinstein—had grown up in the MK-Ultra linked sex cult that gained notoriety as the COG. McGowan claimed to People that Berg wanted to spread the message that “God made children able to enjoy sex,” which rationalized the group’s alleged child abuse.[37]

Chief Inspector Juan Carlos Rebello, who led police in raids of the COG, said “we found evidence suggesting that the Family was funded by influential businessmen worldwide.”[38] Julia Berry, the prophet’s own kin, boasted that it was her “privilege” to have been paired with “very important men—men from the government.” The COG, she said, “always had very powerful friends… I met presidents from around the world. The children’s chorus gave us an image of purity and innocence. It was a seduction.”[39] The guiding inner-circle of the COG is known as the Royal Family, and aristocrats have in fact been sought out by Berg.[40] Edward Probe, a Canadian journalist who worked in the Philippines from 1986 to 1988, told the Post that “Family officials openly sympathized with right-wing military officers who tried to overthrow the government: What we were doing was supplying all the moral support.”[41] Pinochet and Juan Carlos of Spain became financial and political benefactors of the cult.[42]

Hollywood child actress Martha Plimpton was the long-time girlfriend of deceased actor River Phoenix, star of Stand By Me and My Private Idaho, who like Rose McGowan, and along with his siblings Joaquin, Rain, and Summer, spent a few years of his childhood in the Children of God (COG) cult, and gave a 1991 interview to Details claiming that he was forced to have sex at four years old.[43] Plimpton is a member of the “Carradine Family” dynasty of actors descended from John Carradine (1906 – 1988), one of the most prolific and famous character actors in Hollywood history. Carradine was a member of Cecil B. DeMille’s stock company and later John Ford’s company, and was best known for his roles in horror films, Westerns, and Shakespearean theatre.

According to Gregory Mank in Hollywood’s Hellfire Club, John Carradine and John Barrymore (1882 – 1942), Drew Barrymore’s grandfather were also members of the so-called “Bundy Drive Boys,” who engaged in such practices as incest, rape and cannibalism. Barrymore starred in the 1931 movie Svengali, the first overt portrayal of “mind-control” and sexual exploitation in the entertainment industry. According to authors such as Craig Heimbichner in Blood on the Altar, Martin P. Starr in The Unknown God, and John Carter in Sex and Rockets, Dennis Hopper and Carradine were both members of Jack Parsons’ Agape Lodge of the OTO, alongside actor Dean Stockwell and science fiction author Robert Heinlein.

John’s son was Academy Award-winning songwriter and actor Keith Carradine, known for his roles as Tom Frank in Robert Altman’s film Nashville, Wild Bill Hickok in the HBO series Deadwood, FBI agent Frank Lundy in Dexter, and US President Conrad Dalton in Madam Secretary. Keith’s brother was David Carradine of Kung Fu fame, who later died in what appeared to be a ritualistic murder. Their brother was Robert Carradine, who would later star in Revenge of the Nerds. Robert had also starred in a strange 1983 B-movie called Wavelength, about a young couple who discover aliens being held by the US government for experimentation in an underground base in Laurel Canyon.

Keith’s daughter Martha Plimpton co-starred in The Goonies with Corey Feldman, who famously claimed that pedophilia as the number one problem in Hollywood. Feldman, who was also the star of Stand by Me and The Lost Boys, claims that he was molested by a man he first identified only as the alias “Ron Crimson,” who worked as an assistant to Feldman’s father.[44] In past interviews, his A&E reality series The Two Coreys and his 2013 memoir, Coreyography, Feldman has detailed how he was preyed upon by men in the industry. His own experiences were not as horrifying as what befell his Two Coreys co-star, the late Canadian actor Corey Haim, who was just eleven when a man raped him on a movie set, claims Feldman.[45]

Former Little House on the Prairie star Alison Arngrim, who revealed her own sexual abuse in her 2010 autobiography Confessions of a Prairie Bitch, explained, “This has been going on for a very long time. It was the gossip back in the ‘80s. People said, ‘Oh yeah, the Coreys, everyone’s had them.’ People talked about it like it was not a big deal.” [46] Paul Peterson, another child star from an earlier era, who starred in The Donna Reed Show, a sitcom popular in the 1950s and 60s said, “When I watched that interview, a whole series of names and faces from my history went zooming through my head.” [47]

Italian actress and director Asia Argento alleged in an October 2017 New Yorker article by Ronan Farrow that she had been sexually assaulted by Harvey Weinstein in the 1990s. Asia has had roles in several movies by her father,  Dario Argento, an Italian filmmaker known for his influential work during the 1970s and 1980s, particularly in the subgenre of murder mystery horror-thriller film known as giallo, which has led him to being referred to as the “Master of the Thrill” and the “Master of Horror.” Argento delivered a speech on May 20, 2018, following the 2018 Cannes Film Festival, calling the festival Weinstein’s “hunting ground,” alleging that she was raped by Weinstein at the festival when she was 21. Two weeks later, her boyfriend, celebrity chef Anthony Bourdain, committed suicide. But on August 19, 2018, The New York Times published allegations that Argento “sexually attacked” actor Jimmy Bennett in 2013 when he was 17 and she was 37.[48]

Hollywood Babylon

Michael Zuckerman, a former reporter, received information that the Son of Sam’s sixth murder victim, 20-year-old Stacy Moskowitz, was not as a random killing, was part of a snuff film filmed by a man named Ron Sisman, who was involved with a mysterious character, known only as RR, who both Zuckerman and Terry were able to connect Roy Radin, who became notorious for drug-fueled sex orgies he threw at Ocean Castle, his massive mansion in the Hamptons. In fact, actress Melonie Haller, who had been introduced to Radin by Sisman, made an accusation that she was brutally raped and beaten at Radin’s mansion in 1980 when she refused to participate in an orgy. Haller had been introduced to Radin by Sisman. Radin was charged with criminal possession of cocaine and LSD, illegal possession of a handgun, and criminal menace. Robert McKeage IV, Haller’s date to the party, was also charged and pled guilty. Haller also added that the assault had been videotaped.[49]

One of Radin’s major contacts in Hollywood at the time was Robert Evans, a close friend of Henry Kissinger, and best known for his work on Rosemary’s Baby, Love Story, The Godfather and Chinatown, before he was later convicted of trafficking cocaine. Among Robert Evans’ many marriages was a nine-day stint with former Dynasty star Catherine Oxenburg, daughter of American Jewish dress manufacturer and close friend of the Kennedy family and Princess Elizabeth of Yugoslavia, the current Grand Patroness of the Order of the Fleur de Lys, which claims to have been founded by René of Anjou, purported Grand Master of the Priory of Sion.

In 1991, Catherine had a daughter, India Riven Oxenberg, whose father was later revealed to be the convicted drug smuggler William Weitz Shaffer.[50] India would become involved in NXIVM, an American cult that engaged in sex trafficking, forced labor and racketeering, while claiming to be a multi-level marketing company. NXIVM teachings drew upon diverse influences, including Ayn Rand, L. Ron Hubbard, Milton Erickson's hypnosis, Isaac Asimov's science fiction, Rudolf Steiner, Tony Robbins, and neuro-linguistic programming (NLP).[51]

With Evans’ help, Radin was trying to break into the film industry by helping to finance Francis Ford Coppola’s 1984 movie about the legendary Harlem nightclub, The Cotton Club, but was subsequently the victim of a murder-for-hire at age 33. Greenberger was convicted of second-degree murder and kidnapping at the trial which became known as “The Cotton Club Murder.” Two witnesses told police that Evans was involved in the murder. However, when asked under oath if he knew Radin, Evans invoked his Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination.[52]

In a January interview with Variety, film producer Brett Ratner named Robert Evans, James Toback and Roman Polanski among his “closest friends.”[53] Ratner is the co-founder of RatPac Entertainment with James Packer, the son of Kerry Packer, whose family’s company owned a controlling interest in both the Nine television network and leading Australian publishing company Australian Consolidated Press, which were later merged to form Publishing and Broadcasting Limited (PBL). RatPac Entertainment’s films included the X-Men film franchise and Avatar. RatPac is a partner in RatPac-Dune Entertainment with Dune Entertainment and since 2006 had been co-financing deals with Warner Bros. and Fox Filmed Entertainment, owned by Murdoch’s News Corp.

While Ratner directed X-Men: The Last Stand (2006), Bryan Singer had been hired to direct X-Men (2000) and its sequel, X2 (2003). According to Singer who is openly gay, the experience of the mutants in the film is a parable for coming out.[54] Singer’s career began with the 1995 breakthrough film The Usual Suspects, for which Kevin Spacey won his first Oscar. In 2006, Spacey played Lex Luthor in Singer’s superhero film Superman Returns. Singer is cited in the 2014 documentary film on child sexual abuse in Hollywood, An Open Secret, produced by Amy Berg and provoked by Corey Feldman’s admissions.

In 2012, Berg also produced West of Memphis about the infamous Memphis Three, Damien Echols, Jessie Misskelley Jr., and Jason Baldwin, who were accused in 1994 of the ritual murder of three eight-year old boys. Largely responsible for bringing attention to the case was the film, Paradise Lost: The Child Murders at Robin Hood Hills (1996) by Joe Berlinger and Bruce Sinofsky, who eventually concluded instead that the fear and panic of satanism, along with questionable police work, led to the arrests and convictions of three teenagers. The Memphis Three, and Echols in particular, have received the support of a number of Hollywood celebrities, including Johnny Depp, whom he refers to as his brother, both of them sporting matching tattoos, as well as Henry Rollins, Axel Rose, Marilyn Manson and Genesis P-Orridge, founder of Thee Temple ov Psychick Youth or TOPY, an offshoot of the satanic Illuminates of Thanateros (IOT), and an influential group in the underground chaos magic scene.[55]

RatPac was led by Skull and Bones member Steve Mnuchin, who served as secretary of the treasury as part of Trump’s cabinet from 2017 to 2021. Mnuchin, according to The Hollywood Reporter, met Packer through Israeli billionaire businessman and film producer Arnon Milchan, who is also a former Israeli secret agent and arms dealer.[56] In April 2017, Milchan’s associate Len Blavatnik’s Access Entertainment purchased an ownership share of RatPac Entertainment. Blavatnik is connected to Mikhail Fridman’s Alfa Group, which was deeply implicated in the Russian campaign to support the election of Donald Trump. Blavatnik was also embroiled in investigations about his mutual friend with the family of Trump’s son-in-law, the Kushners, and Benjamin Netanyahu, over his alleged attempts to influence the Israeli media while he was both Prime Minister and Minister of Communications in Israel.[57] Netanyahu’s son Yair has ridden on Packer’s private jet and stayed in hotels at Packer’s expense. Israel’s Channel 10 also reported that Packer owns a house in Caesarea next to the Netanyahus, and that the prime minister occasionally holds weekend meetings in Packer’s home. One of the gifts Packer gave Netanyahu was a bundle of tickets to Netanyahu’s wife Sara for Packer’s ex-fiancé Mariah’s performance in Israel in 2015.[58]

Mnuchin, along with Packer and film producer Brett Ratner, working with RatPac-Dune Entertainment, have produced more than 20 films including hits like Gravity, The Lego Movie, Mad Max: Fury Road and Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice. Mnuchin was co-chairman of Ratner and Packer’s his movie company Relativity Media, which distributed or structured financing for nearly 200 motion pictures, and earned 60 Academy Awards nominations. Relativity founder Ryan Kavanaugh has been sued for fraud and neglect by his former studio president Adam Fields, who described the company as a “hostile environment” that included porn photo shoots at its Beverly Hills headquarters, involving Dana Brunetti, Kevin Spacey’s business partner.[59] Fields discovered that the so-called “big digital initiative” the company was using to supplement its income was a pornography website. The site wasn’t named in court papers, but Variety called it the “raunchy, flesh-peddling website, Egotastic.com, [which] had been operating out of Relativity’s offices.”[60] Brunetti has been nominated for two Academy Awards for producing The Social Network and Captain Phillips. In 2015, Brunetti produced a film adaptation of 50 Shades of Grey. In 2016, Brunetti became the president of Relativity with Spacey taking on a chairman position.

In 2007, then Senator Hillary Clinton threw a fundraising party at Brett Ratner’s home, whose guestlists have included actresses Lindsay Lohan and Paris Hilton, with whom Ratner was reportedly romantically involved with.[61] Kavanaugh criticized Ratner on Twitter as Hollywood’s “Biggest Sleaze,” accusing him of casting-couch auditions and losing his virginity to a transvestite. Brunetti tweeted agreement that Ratner is a “slimeball.”[62] Ratner is also known for throwing wild parties at his Beverly Hills mansion, which were described by Variety editor Ted Johnson as “almost like a mini version of the Playboy Mansion.”[63] In the wake of the Weinstein revelations, six women, including actress Olivia Munn, accused Ratner of sexual harassment or misconduct in a wide-ranging Los Angeles Times report. According to Johnson, “It’s almost like all roads lead to Brett Ratner when you talk about Hollywood’s social scene and Hollywood’s nightlife scene.”[64]

In a January interview with Variety, Ratner named Robert Evans, James Toback and Roman Polanski among his “closest friends.”[65] Actress Julianne Moore has come forward with allegations against screenwriter and director James Toback, who has also been recently accused of sexual harassment. The Los Angeles Times published an expose by Glenn Whipp, detailing accounts dating back to the 1980s of 38 women who have accused Toback of engaging in lewd behavior. More than 200 other women, including Natalie Morales and Beth Stern, have since spoken out about being harassed by Toback.

In 2012, Ron Burkle, a prominent Democratic activist and fundraiser, purchased a large equity stake in Relativity. Burkle’s usual means of transport is a custom-converted Boeing 757 that his buddy Bill Clinton calls “Ron Air” and that Burkle’s own circle of young aides privately refer to as “Air Fuck One.”[66] Mark Ebner’s scandal-filled book, Six Degrees of Paris Hilton, reports that Burkle, along with Interscope chief Ted Field, was one of the best-known “lifers”—patrons of super-high-end call girls, all the time. Ebner writes that Burkle and Field both relied on a pimp named David Reich to get them girls, and paid to watch girl-on-girl sex performances, some starring Paris Hilton. They would often include August Anheuser Busch III, the President of Anheuser-Busch.[67]

[1] Peter Levenda. Sinister Forces: A Grimoire of American Political Witchcraft. Book Two: A Warm Gun (Walterville, Oregon: TrineDay , 2011).

[2] Knightley & Kennedy. An Affair of State, p. 48.

[3] Christine Keeler. Secrets and Lies: The Trials of Christine Keeler (John Blake, 2014).

[4] Anthony Summers. The Secret Life of J. Edgar Hoover (1993).

[5] Donald Spoto. Marilyn Monroe: The Biography (Cooper Square Press, 2001), p. 534.

[6] See David Livingstone. Ordo ab Chao. Volume Three, Chapter 18: The Frankfurt School.

[7] David Livingstone. Ordo ab Chao. Volume Four, Chapter 9: JFK Assassination.

[8] Knightley & Kennedy. An Affair of State, p. 157.

[9] Lee & Shlain. Acid Dreams, p. 190.

[10] O’Neill, Natalie. “Son claims his LI dad was 'Great Gatsby' inspiration – and someone stole his $750G book.” New York Post (March 8, 2013).

[11] Kerry Bolton. Revolution from Above (UK: Arktos Media, 2011) p. 125.

[12] Robert Anton Wilson. Cosmic Trigger (1977) p. 175.

[13] Frater Fäustchen. “Für und wider Magie und Liber MMM” in Shekinah no. 1. I; Douglas Grant. Magick and Photography, Ashé Journal, Vol 2, Issue 3, (2003).

[14] Stevens. Storming Heaven, p. 281.

[15] Lee & Shlain. Acid Dreams, p. 189.

[16] Lee & Shlain, Acid Dreams, p. p. 65.

[17] Lee & Shlain, Acid Dreams, pp. 126.

[18] Lee & Shlain, Acid Dreams, pp. 126.

[19] Gary Lachman. Turn Off Your Mind: The Mystic Sixties and the Dark Side of the Age of Aquarius (Red Wheel Weiser, 2003), p. 261.

[20] Nigel Cawthorne. Cults: The World’s Most Notorious Cults (London: Quercus Publishing, 2019).

[21] Caroline Howe. “EXCLUSIVE: How Roman Polanski forced wife Sharon Tate to have threesomes and make home sex videos for his friends but refused to sleep with her once she got pregnant and wanted her to get an abortion.” The Daily Mail (January 5, 2016). Retrieved from https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3383946/How-Roman-Polanski-forced-wife-Sharon-Tate-threesomes-make-home-sex-videos-friends-refused-sleep-got-pregnant-wanted-abortion.html

[22] Ibid.

[23] Ibid.

[24] Ibid.

[25] Sheila Weller, “California Dreamgirl,” Vanity Fair (December 2007).

[26] Ibid., p. 600.

[27] Peter Levenda. Sinister Forces—The Manson Secret: A Grimoire of American Political Witchcraft (TrineDay, 2011).

[28] John de Camp. “The Franklin Coverup,” (AWT, Inc, 1996) p. 179.

[29] Paul David Collins. “The Ghost of Roy Cohn.” Conspiracy Archive (August 24, 2014).

[30] Maury Terry. The Ultimate Evil: In Search of the Son of Sam (Quirk Books, Apr 20, 2021), p. 539.

[31] Evgeny Lebedev. “Caped crusaders: What really goes on at the Knights of Malta’s secretive headquarters?” Independent (March 28, 2014).

[32] Fiona Barnett. “Abuse Drawings.” fionabarnett.org (accessed January 31, 2018).

[33] Ibid.

[34] Dan Spinelli. “Penn prof. ‘horrified’ life’s research is connected to CIA torture techniques.” The Daily Pennsylvanian (December 22, 2014).

[35] BIBLIOGRAPHY OF REFERENCES 1953 to 1998 THE PERSONALITY ASSESSMENT SYSTEM Dr.Richard York and Barbara Allen (with modifications added by the Gittinger Assessment Center). Retrieved from https://www.pasf.org/print_bibliog.htm

[36] Constantine. Psychic Dictatorship in the U.S.A., p. 65.

[37] Kayla Hawkins. “Who Are The Children Of God? Rose McGowan Was Shaped By Spending Her Childhood With This Religious Sect.” Bustle (February 2018).

[38] Ibid., p. 135.

[39] Ibid.

[40] Ibid., p. 136.

[41] Ibid., p. 135.

[42] Ibid.

[43] “Gone Before 30: Stars Who Died Young.” ABC News (January 29, 2008).

[44] Sieczkowski, Cavan. “Corey Feldman Details Horrific Sexual Abuse In New Memoir.” Huffington Post (October 21, 2013).

[45] Seth Abramovitch. “Corey Feldman on Elijah Wood Hollywood Pedophilia Controversy: ‘I Would Love to Name Names’.” Hollywood Reporter (May 25, 2016).

[46] Meagan Murphy. “Recent Charges of Sexual Abuse of Children in Hollywood Just Tip of Iceberg, Experts Say.” Fox News (December 05, 2011).

[47] Ibid..

[48] Chloe Melas. “Asia Argento’s attorney says 17-year-old sexually ‘attacked’ her.” CNN (September 5, 2018).

[49] Stephanie Osmanski. “Netflix’s New Series Reveals David Berkowitz Didn't Work Alone! But Who Was Roy Radin and How Is He Connected to Son of Sam?” Parade (May 6, 2021). Retrieved from https://parade.com/1206302/stephanieosmanski/who-is-roy-radin-son-of-sam/

[50] Hein Bruins. “Descendants of King Christian IX of Denmark.” heinbruins.nl (February 7, 2019). Retrieved from http://heinbruins.nl/Christian.html

[51] Frank Parlato. “Did Isaac Asimov Inspire Keith Raniere to be ‘the Mule’?” Artvoice ( (July 7, 2019). Retrieved from https://artvoice.com/2019/07/07/did-isaac-asimov-inspire-keith-raniere-to-be-the-mule/

[52] Dennis McDougal. “Producer Robert Evans Invokes 5th at Hearing in Murder Case.” Los Angeles Times (May 13, 1989).

[53] Amy Kaufman & Daniel Miller. “Six women accuse filmmaker Brett Ratner of sexual harassment or misconduct.” LA Times (November 1, 2017).

[54] Paul Schrodt. “‘First Class’: The Latest Chapter in the 'X-Men' Gay-Rights Parable.” The Atlantic (June 6, 2011).

[55] William Ramsey. Abomination: Devil Worship and Deception in the West Memphis Three Murders (2013)

[56] Allison Kaplan Sommer. “The Hollywood Connection Between Trump’s Treasury Pick and Billionaire at Center of Netanyahu Scandal.” Haaretz (November 30, 2016).

[57] Tal Shalev & Lahav Harkov. “Kafe Knesset for September 11.” Jewish Insider (September 11, 2017).

[58] Allison Kaplan Sommer. “The Hollywood Connection Between Trump’s Treasury Pick and Billionaire at Center of Netanyahu Scandal.” Haaretz (November 30, 2016).

[59] Richard Morgan. “Ex-prez claims Relativity was padding income with porn site.” New York Post (January 13, 2017).

[60] James Rainey. “Could the End Be Near for Beleaguered Relativity Media?” Variety (January 11, 2017).

[61] Amy Kaufman & Daniel Miller. “Six women accuse filmmaker Brett Ratner of sexual harassment or misconduct.” LA Times (November 1, 2017).

[62] Tony Maglio. “Ryan Kavanaugh Tweets Rip Brett Ratner as Hollywood’s ‘Biggest Sleaze’” The Wrap (August 20, 2016).

[63] Ibid.

[64] Morning Addition. “Young Hollywood Wooed by Presidential Hopefuls.” NPR (May 30, 2007).

[65] Amy Kaufman & Daniel Miller. “Six women accuse filmmaker Brett Ratner of sexual harassment or misconduct.” LA Times (November 1, 2017).

[66] Todd S. Purdum. “The Comeback Id.” Vanity Fair (July 2008).

[67] Hamilton Nolan. “Book: Ron Burkle Hired Hookers, Paid Paris Hilton For ‘Girl-on-Girl Action’” Gawker (September 6, 2009).

Christmas is an annual festival observed primarily on December 25 among billions of people worldwide. But there are two Christmas themes celebrated simultaneously. The purpose of Christmas is most popularly associated with the celebration of the birth of Jesus Christ. However, at the same time, that theme has become increasingly overtaken by the role of the mythical figure of “Satan Claus,” who has no known association with Christianity. Many are aware that Santa Claus is a modification of Saint Nicholas, but few are aware that this modification took place through the influence of the occult, in order to disguise Santa’s true identity as the ancient pagan dying-god Saturn.

The myth of the dying-god would come to pervade, not only the mystical systems of antiquity, but which would transform Western religion and philosophy. Typically, the dying-god was a usurper, who supplants the original creator god by vanquishing the Dragon, who was leader of a race of giants. The underlying dying-god mythology involved the cycle of the seasons. The dying-god was a representation of the Sun, who dies at the winter solstice (Christmas) and resurrects at the spring equinox, or Easter. Further festivals were timed with the summer solstice (Saint John’s Day), and fall equinox (Halloween, All Hallows’ Eve, or All Saints’ Eve). The dying-god’s goddess-spouse was Venus, the “morning star,” though the two were seen as dual aspects of the same deity. The Latin name for Venus is Lucifer. The dying-god was universally regarded as the god of the underworld, where he ruled over the “spirits of the dead,” as discarnate entities were interpreted to be by many early cultures.

The first to recognize the recurring archetype of the dying-and-rising gods was James Frazer in The Golden Bough, first published in 1890, which has had a substantial influence on European anthropology and thought.[1] The focus of Frazer’s research was to attempt to discover the source of the ancient religious tradition of the killing of the sacred king. In ancient paganism, the king was perceived to be the living embodiment of the dying-god, and therefore the fertility of the land was considered dependent on his health. As the king became frail with old age, the success of crops would become at risk, and it was therefore necessary to execute him to allow him to be succeeded by a more virile heir. Ancient monarchs eventually exercised their influence, such that a replacement, or scapegoat, was put in the king’s place for a time, and allowed to revel in his temporary role, until he was himself sacrificed in the king’s stead, during an annual New Years festival.[2]

The origin of the sacred killing of the king was the Zagmuk, or New Year’s festival, corresponding to our Easter, when Babylonians celebrated the death and resurrection of their chief god Marduk, the patron deity of Babylon, also known as Bel. Three important ceremonies were performed for Bel. These acts of worship were fertility rites, referring to the agricultural cycle of nature, with the death of crops in winter and the return of life in the spring, but were also viewed as actually recreating the cosmos itself. In Uruk the festival was associated with the god An, the Sumerian god of the night sky. Both are essentially equivalent in all respects to the Akkadian Akitu festival.

Zagmuk, which literally means “beginning of the year,” was a Mesopotamian festival celebrating the triumph of Marduk, over the forces of Chaos, symbolized in later times by Tiamat. As the battle between Marduk and Chaos lasts twelve days, so does Zagmuk. The peak of the festival took place on the Spring Equinox.[3] First, the Enuma elish, the Babylonian epic of creation, was read, which recounted when the Anunnaki gods gathered together to find one god who could defeat the gods rising against them. Annunaki, seven judges of the Underworld, the children of the god Anu, who had once lived in heaven but were banished for their misdeeds, are the origin of the numerous accounts of legendary giants, known as the Anakim in Flood story of the Bible, otherwise recognized as the Fallen Angels, or the Titans of Greek mythology.

Marduk answered the Annunaki’s call and was promised the position of head god. Marduk sets out for battle, mounting his storm-chariot drawn by four horses with poison in their mouths and defeats the leader of the Anunnaki gods, who is the Dragon, Tiamat. There was a dramatic representation of the conflict between Marduk and Tiamat, during which the god is vanquished and slain, but is raised from death by magical ceremonies, and eventually overcomes the Dragon. Secondly, the king is brought before the image of Marduk, his insignia are removed, and he is slapped in the face by the high-priest. An omen was taken at this point, that if the blow produced tears, the year would be prosperous and vegetation would grow. Finally, in a ceremony known as a sacred marriage, the king, acting the part of the god, practiced ritual copulation with a priestess, symbolizing the union of the god and the goddess. At the festival’s end, the king was slain. To spare their king, Mesopotamians often utilized a mock king, played by a criminal who was anointed as king before the start of Zagmuk, and killed on the last day.

Saturn 

The Bible makes numerous condemnations of the ancient Israelites sacrificing their children to another derivation of Baal called Moloch, who was associated with Saturn. As god of the underworld, the dying-god was also a chthonic deity, or god of the Underworld, and therefore typically associated with evil.[4] According to the principles of apotropaic magic, the good god was appeased with good sacrifices, while the evil god required evil ones. The most evil sacrifice was the killing of a child. Rabbinical tradition depicted Moloch as a bronze statue heated with fire into which the victims were thrown. This has been associated with reports by Cleitarchus, Diodorus Siculus and Plutarch, who all mention the burning of children as an offering to Cronus or Saturn, that is to Baal Hammon, the chief god of Carthage. Cronus, also spelled Cronos or Kronos, in ancient Greek religion, is a male deity who was worshipped by the pre-Hellenic population of Greece. In Attica, his festival the Kronia celebrated the harvest and resembled the Roman Saturnalia.

Scholars have now come to acknowledge the striking similarities between Mesopotamian mythology and the works of the greatest of the Greek poets, Hesiod and Homer.[5] Hesiod, believed to belong to the eighth century BC, was the author of the Theogony, a systematization of early Greek mythology. Hesiod’s Theogony outlines a usurper myth, an account of how Zeus became superior following a war against Kronos and the Titans. According to Hesiod, Kronos was the son of Uranus and Gaea, being the youngest of the twelve Titans. After castrating his father, on the advice of his mother, he became the king of the Titans. He took for his consort his sister Rhea, who bore by him Hestia, Demeter, Hera, Hades, and Poseidon, all of whom he swallowed because his own parents had warned that he would be overthrown by his own child. When Zeus was born, however, Rhea hid him in Crete, and when he grew up, Zeus forced Kronos to disgorge his brothers and sisters, waged war on Kronos, and was victorious. According to one tradition, the period of Kronos’ rule was a Golden Age.[6]

The motif that the present rule of the gods came to power by overthrowing an older one is especially Near Eastern. According to M.L. West, “Hesiod’s integration of a dynastic history of this sort with a divine genealogy, starting from the beginning of things and ending with the king of the gods established in glory, has its closest parallel in Enuma elish, a poem of similar length to the Theogony.”[7] The myth of Kronos swallowing his children was compared to the Carthaginian worship of Moloch, or Saturn, by Diodorus:

Among the Carthaginians there was a brazen statue of Saturn putting forth the palms of his hands bending in such a manner toward the earth, as that the boy who was laid upon them, in order to be sacrificed, should slip off, and so fall down headlong into a deep fiery furnace. Hence, it is probable that Euripides took what he fabulously relates concerning the sacrifice in Taurus, where he introduces Iphigenia asking Orestes this question: “But what sepulchre will me dead receive, shall the gulf of sacred fire me have?” The ancient fable likewise that is common among all the Grecians, that Saturn devoured his own children, seems to be confirmed by this law among the Carthaginians.[8]

Like the defeat of Tiamat by Bel, Zeus with his thunderbolts defeats the monster Typhon and has him flung to Tartarus, and Zeus is proclaimed king of the gods.[9] The Titans correspond to the Anakim, or the Anunnaki of the Enuma elish, and to the Hittite Former Gods, the same term used by Hesiod to refer to the Titans, which are twelve in number, the same quantity as the Titans.[10] When the Titan Prometheus stole the fire of the gods, wishing to impart to man what was forbidden him, like the Bible’s Satan, Zeus finally punished the Titans for their insolence by sending the Flood. Of the connection between the myth of Deucalion, the Greek Flood hero, and Noah, according to M.L. West, “this Greek myth cannot be independent of the Flood story that we know from Sumerian, Akkadian, and Hebrew sources, especially from Atrahasis, the eleventh tablet of the Gilgamesh epic, and the Old Testament.”[11]

Saturnalia

As reported by Strabo, the Persians celebrated a festival called Sacaea, named after the Sacaea, which derived from the ancient Babylonian Zagmuk, which involved sacred the killing of the king. According to Strabo, the Sacaea as it was found in Asia Minor was celebrated alongside the worship of the Persian goddess Anaitis, the mother of Mithras. Strabo describes it as a Bacchic orgy, held at the spring equinox, at which the celebrants were disguised as Scythians, and women drank and reveled together day and night.[12]

In common with Jesus, Mithras was born in a cave surrounded by animals and shepherds at the Winter Solstice in December, dates that had specific astronomical significance. In the Julian calendar, the December 25 was reckoned the winter solstice, and was regarded as the Nativity of the Sun, because from this date the length of the day began to increase, and therefore, was regarded as the day of the rebirth of the Sun-god and the rejuvenation of life. The Gospels, however, say nothing as to the day of Christ’s birth, and accordingly the early Church did not celebrate it. In time, though, the Christians of Egypt had come to regard the sixth of January as the birth of the Savior, and that date gradually spread until, by the fourth century AD, it was universally established in the East. Finally, however, at the end of the third or the beginning of the fourth century AD, the Western Church, which had never recognized the sixth of January as the day of the Nativity, adopted the December 25 as the true date.

The later Roman Empire celebrated the Dies Natalis of Sol Invictus, the “Nativity of the Unconquerable Sun,” on December 25. It was preceded by the Roman festival of the Saturnalia, which according to James Frazer, was an accommodation of a more ancient Babylonian ritual of Zagmuk.[13] The Roman playwright Accius (170 – c. 86 BC) traced the Saturnalia to the ancient Greek festival of the Kronia, dedicated to Cronus.[14] The Saturnalia underwent a major reform in 217 BC, after the Romans suffered one of their most crushing defeats by Carthage during the Second Punic War. Until then, the holiday was celebrated according to Roman custom (Mos maiorum). After consulting the Sibylline books, “Greek rite” (sacra Greaco ritu) or “Greek cults” (Greaca sacra) were adopted, introducing sacrifices, the public banquet, and shouts of “io Saturnalia” that characterized the celebration.[15]

According to the Roman tradition, the oldest collection of Sibylline books, not be confused with the Sibylline Oracles, were compiled about the time of Solon and Cyrus at Gergis on Mount Ida in the Troad. From Gergis the collection passed to Erythrae, where it became famous as the oracles of the Erythraean Sibyl. It would appear to have been this very collection that found its way to Cumae, a Greek colony located near Naples, and from Cumae to Rome. The Cumaean Sibyl was the priestess presiding over the Apollonian oracle at Cumae. Because of the importance of the Cumaean Sibyl in the legends of Rome’s origins as codified in Virgil’s Aeneid, the Cumaean Sibyl became the most famous among the Romans. The story of how the Sibylline Books were acquired by Lucius Tarquinius Superbus, Tarquinius Priscus, the legendary fifth king of Rome who reigned from 616 to 579 BC, is one of the famous mythical elements of Roman history. The books were kept in the Temple of Jupiter on the Capitoline Hill, where they were consulted only in times of emergency. The Emperor Augustus had them moved to the Temple of Apollo on the Palatine Hill, where they remained for most of the remaining Imperial Period.

In the Saturnalia of Macrobius, the proximity of the Saturnalia to the winter solstice leads to an exposition of solar monotheism, the belief that the Sun (Sol Invictus) ultimately encompasses all divinities as one.[16] The Saturnalia, which is the source of Christmas, was celebrated in honor of Saturn, the origin of Santa.74 The holiday was celebrated with a sacrifice at the Temple of Saturn, in the Roman Forum, and a public banquet, followed by private gift-giving, continual partying, and a carnival atmosphere that overturned Roman social norms: gambling was permitted, and masters provided table service for their slaves. A common custom was the election of a “King of the Saturnalia,” who would give orders to people and preside over the merrymaking. However, as reported by James Frazer, there was a darker side to the Saturnalia. In Durostorum on the Danube, Roman soldiers would choose a man from among themselves to be the Lord of Misrule for thirty days, after which his throat was cut on the altar of Saturm.[17]

Feast of Fools

In his book De Occulta Philosophia published in 1531–1533, the German occultist and magician, Henry Cornelius Agrippa, mentioned the Knights Templar—who are revered as the ancestors of Freemasonry—in connection with the survival of Gnosticism, and thus, according to Michael Haag, “thrust the order into the phantasmagoria of occult forces which were subject of the persecuting craze for which the Malleus Maleficarum was a handbook.”[18] According to Agrippa in Chapter 39 of De Occulta Philosophia:

Everyone knows that evil spirits can be summoned through evil and profane practices (similar to those that Gnostic magicians used to engage in, according to Psellus), and filthy abominations would occur in their presence, as during the rites of Priapus in times past or in the worship of the idol named Panor to whom one sacrificed having bared shameful parts. Nor is any different from this (if only it is truth and not fiction) what we read about the detestable heresy of the Knights Templar, as well as similar notions that have been established about witches, whose senile womanish dementia is often caught causing them to wander astray into shameful deeds of the same variety.

The pagan fertility god Priapus was the ugly son of Dionysus and Aphrodite, whose symbol was a huge erect penis, and the Greek, half man—half goat god, Pan. The worship of pan was associated with a Medieval variation of the Green Man, a motif often related to fertility deities found in different cultures throughout the world, such as the Celtic god Cernunnos, Green George, Jack in the green, John Barleycorn, Robin Goodfellow, Puck, and the Green Knight of Grail legend. A more modern version is found in Peter Pan, who enters the civilized world from Neverland, clothed in green leaves. At Temple Church in London, there are twelve carvings of Green Man heads above the portal to the round church, with four foliate shoots growing from the mouths in the shapes of ‘X’.[19] The equivalent of the Green Man in Sufi Islam is Al Khir, “the Green One.”

The worship of Pan was associated with the survival of the Saturnalia, in the form of the Feast of Fools and Carnival. As in the case of the Bacchanalia, after centuries during which very little is known about the ancient festivals, celebrations like the Saturnalia make their reappearance during the late Medieval period.[20] The popularity of Saturnalia continued into the third and fourth centuries AD, and as the Roman Empire came under Christian rule, many of its customs were recast later celebrations in western Europe occurring in midwinter, particularly traditions associated with Christmas, the Feast of the Holy Innocents, and Epiphany.[21]

The twelve days of Christmas, like the Saturnalia, were marked by massive eating, drinking and game playing and also by rituals of inversion. Present-day Christmas traditions such as the Yule log, Yule goat, Yule boar, Yule singing, and others stem from Yuletide, a twelve-day pagan festival, indicating the month of “Yule” (January). Yule was observed by the historical Germanic peoples, connected to the celebration to the Wild Hunt, the god Odin, and the pagan Anglo-Saxon Modranicht. The Wild Hunt, is a European folkloric motif that typically involved a ghostly or supernatural group of hunters passing in wild pursuit. The hunters may be either elves or fairies or the dead, and the leader of the hunt is often a named figure associated with Odin.[22] The Yule later underwent Christianized reformulation resulting in the term Christmastide. Odin’s role during the Yuletide has been theorized as having influenced concepts of St. Nicholas, and later Santa Claus, in a variety of facets, including his long white beard and his gray horse for nightly rides.[23]

The Devil’s nickname, “Old Nick,” explains Jeffrey Burton Russell in The Prince of Darkness, derives directly from Saint Nicholas, a fourth-century Greek Christian bishop of Myra, a Roman town in what is now south-western Turkey. [24] In 1087, after the Greek Christians of Myra fell under the subjugation of the Muslim Seljuq dynasty, Italian sailors from Bari in Apulia seized part of the Saint Nicholas’ from his burial church in Myra, over the objections of the Greek Orthodox monks. Two years later, Pope Urban II inaugurated a new church, the Basilica di San Nicola, to Saint Nicholas in Bari, and personally placed Nicholas’ relics into the tomb beneath the altar. The remaining bone fragments from the sarcophagus were later removed by Venetian sailors and taken to Venice during the First Crusade. Nicholas’ reputation as a gift-giver grew with time, and during the Middle Ages, often on the evening before December 6, the saint’s feast day, children were bestowed gifts in his honor.

Within these twelve days, December 28, the day on which the Church commemorated the Massacre of the Innocents—Herod’s slaughter of the male infants after Jesus’ birth—was celebrated in part of medieval Europe, notably in France, with a particular ritual inversion known as the Feast of Fools. In England, the Lord of Misrule, known in Scotland as the Abbot of Unreason and in France as the Prince des Sots, was an officer appointed by lot during Christmastide to preside over the Feast of Fools. The historical western European Christmas custom of electing a “Lord of Misrule” have its roots in Saturnalia celebrations.[25] James Frazer claimed that the appointment of a Lord of Misrule comes from an ancient custom known as the “Killing of the King,” such as the one practiced during the Roman celebration of Saturnalia. In ancient Rome, from December 17 to 23 in the Julian Calendar, a man was chosen to mockingly take the place of the king during the feast of Saturnalia. In the guise of the Roman deity Saturn, at the end of the festival, the man was sacrificed.[26]

The Feast of Fools held on or about January 1, particularly in France, in which a mock bishop or pope was elected, ecclesiastical ritual was parodied, and low and high officials exchanged places. A report from the year 1198 noted that at the Feast of the Circumcision in Notre Dame in Paris, “so many abominations and shameful deeds” were committed that the locale was desecrated “not only by smutty jokes, but even by the shedding of blood.”[27] In 1444, a letter from the Theological Faculty of Paris to all the French bishops complained that “even the priests and clerics elected an archbishop for a bishop or pope, and named him the Fools’ Pope.”[28]

Victor Hugo recreated a picturesque account of a Feast of Fools in his 1831 novel The Hunchback of Notre Dame, in which it is celebrated on January 6, 1482 and Quasimodo serves as Pope of Fools. This is shown in Disney’s 1996 animated film version of the novel through the song “Topsy Turvy,” whose lyrics include, “It’s the day the devil in us gets released; It’s the day we mock the prig and shock the priest; Ev’rything is topsy turvy at the Feast of Fools!” Victor Hugo cites Jean de Troyes who in the fifteenth century remarked that what “excited all the people of Paris” on January 6 was the two age-old celebrations of the Feast of the Epiphany and the Feast of Fools. The day included a bonfire on the Place de Grève, a mystery play at the Palais de Justice, and a maypole at the chapel of Braque. The European Carnival (Mardi Gras) also resembles the Saturnalia.[29] The word Carnival is of Christian origin, and in the Middle Ages, it referred to a period following Christmastide that reached its climax before midnight on Shrove Tuesday. Some folklorists have also claimed that Carnival derives from the Bacchanalia and even that it takes its name from the wheeled ship (carrus navalis), which carried the ithyphallic image of the god.[30]

A maypole is a tall wooden pole erected on May Day as a part of various European folk festivals, around which a maypole dance often takes place. May-poles were remnants of the ancient phallic Asherah poles dedicated to the worship of Baal.[31] Phallic symbolism has been attributed to the maypole in the later Early Modern period, as one sexual reference is in John Cleland's controversial eighteenth century erotic novel Fanny Hill: “…and now, disengag’d from the shirt, I saw, with wonder and surprise, what? not the play-thing of a boy, not the weapon of a man, but a maypole of so enormous a standard, that had proportions been observ’d, it must have belong’d to a young giant.”[32]

Lord of Misrule

Academic drama stems from late medieval and early modern practices of miracles and morality plays as well as the Feast of Fools and the election of a Lord of Misrule, a role inherited from the Saturnalia, dedicated to Saturn, or Satan, believed to be the origin of the twelve days of Christmastide and modern Christmas.[33] The intellectual development of dramas in schools, universities, and Inns of Court in Europe allowed the emergence of the great playwrights of the late sixteenth century.[34] The Inns of Court were professional associations for barristers in England and Wales. The four Inns, established between 1310 and 1357, are Lincoln’s Inn, Gray’s Inn, the Middle Temple and the Inner Temple. The Temples takes their name from the Knights Templar, who originally leased the land to the Temple’s inhabitants (Templars) until their abolition in 1312.[35] After the Templars were dissolved in 1312, their land was seized by the king and granted to the Knights Hospitaller. With the Dissolution of the Monasteries in 1539, the Hospitallers’ properties were confiscated by the king, who leased them to the Inner and Middle Temples until 1573. King James granted the land to a group of noted lawyers and Benchers, including Sir Julius Caesar and Henry Montague, and to “their heirs and assignees for ever.”[36]

At Gray’s Inn, Francis Bacon (1561 – 1626), who is typically celebrated by Masonic historians as having been a Rosicrucian, was a member of the Order of the Helmet,[37] dedicated to the goddess Pallas Athena, who was most often represented dressed in armor like a male soldier, holding a spear in her right hand, with a serpent writhing at her feet, and wearing a Corinthian helmet raised high atop her forehead. Developed in the early seventh century BC, the “Corinthian style” helmet had no ear holes, but had solid nose guard a phallic cap-shaped crown.[38] It is also known as the Cap of Hades, Helm of Hades, or Helm of Darkness. Wearers of the cap in Greek myths include Athena, the goddess of wisdom, the messenger god Hermes, and the hero Perseus. Rabelais called it the Helmet of Pluto,[39] and Erasmus the Helmet of Orcus, a Roman god of the underworld.[40]

In classical mythology, the helmet was also known as the Cap of Invisibility that can turn the wearer invisible. According to Bacon, “the helmet of Pluto, which maketh the politic man go invisible, is secrecy in the counsel, and celerity in the execution.”[41] Thus the members of the Order of the Helmet likewise served “invisible” to the world, much of their labor being published anonymously or under pseudonyms.[42] To signify their vow of invisibility the knights of the order all had to kiss Athena’s helmet.[43] Pallas Athena was known as “the Spear Shaker” or the “Shaker of the Spear,”[44] while the cryptically hyphenated version of the name “Shake-Speares” appeared on the title pages of certain plays of Shakespeare, and on every page of the first edition of his sonnets.[45]

In contrast to Cambridge and Oxford, who produced theatre as a literary study, the London Inns of Court produced theatre as a means of entertainment.[46] Until the end of the seventeenth century, these performances typically took the form of masques written by law students at the Inns of Court. Once the Inns of Court transitioned from masques to plays, the so-called third university served as a cradle for classical English drama. Eventually, by the early seventeenth century, writers such as Ben Jonson and William Shakespeare began producing English comedies at the Inns of Court, thus expanding the range of materials performed.[47]

The style of the plays of Shakespeare, Marlowe and Jonson is referred to as English Renaissance theatre, also known as Elizabethan theatre. Academic drama refers to a theatrical movement that emerged in the mid sixteenth century during the Renaissance. With the rediscovery and redistribution of classical materials during the English Renaissance, Latin and Greek plays began to be restaged.[48] Dedicated to the study of classical dramas for the purpose of higher education, universities in England began to produce the plays of Sophocles, Euripides, and Seneca the Younger (among others) in the Greek and Roman languages, as well as neoclassical dramas.

The Feast of Fools includes mummer plays, folk plays performed by troupes of amateur actors, traditionally all male, known as mummers or guisers. Early scholars of folk drama, influenced by James Frazer’s The Golden Bough, tended to view these plays as survivals of pre-Christian fertility ritual.[49] Mummer refers particularly to a play in which a number of characters are called on stage, two of whom engage in a combat, the loser being revived by a Doctor character. This play is sometimes found associated with a sword dance. Mummers are generally performed seasonally or annually, often at Christmas, Easter or on Plough Monday, more rarely on Hallowe’en or All Souls’ Day, and often with a collection of money, in which the practice may be compared with other customs such as those of Halloween, Bonfire Night, wassailing, pace egging and first-footing at new year.[50] The principal characters are a hero, most commonly Saint George, King George, or Prince George (Robin Hood in the Cotswolds and Galoshin in Scotland), and his chief opponent, (known as the Turkish Knight in southern England), named Slasher elsewhere, and a quack Doctor to restore the slain man to life. Other characters include Old Father Christmas, who introduces some plays, the Fool and Beelzebub or Little Devil Doubt, who collects money from the audience. Despite the frequent presence of Saint George, the Dragon rarely appears although it is often mentioned.

Ingrid Brainard argues that the English word “mummer” is ultimately derived from the Greek name Momus, the god of carnivals. In Greek mythology, Momus was the personification of satire and mockery.[51] In Aesop’s fables Momus is asked to judge the handiwork of three gods: a man, a house and a bull. He found all at fault: the man because his heart was not on view to judge his thoughts; the house because it had no wheels so as to avoid troublesome neighbors; and the bull because it did not have eyes in its horns to guide it when charging.[52] For that reason, Plutarch and Aristotle criticized Aesop’s story-telling as deficient, while it was defended by Lucian, who is best known for his tongue-in-cheek style, with which he ridiculed superstition, religious practices, and belief in the paranormal.[53] In Lucian’s The Gods in Council Momus takes a leading role in a discussion on how to purge Olympus of foreign gods and barbarian demi-gods who are lowering its heavenly tone.

Bacon describes the precepts put forward in The Advancement of Learning as based on knowledge ourselves and knowledge of others, citing the example of Momus, who found fault in the human heart for its lack of a window. During the Renaissance, several literary works used Momus as a mouthpiece for their criticism of tyranny, while others later made him a critic of contemporary society. Leon Battista Alberti wrote the political work Momus or The Prince (1446), which continued the god’s story after his exile to earth. Since his continued criticism of the gods was destabilizing the divine establishment, Jupiter bound him to a rock and had him castrated. Giordano Bruno’s philosophical treatise The Expulsion of the Triumphant Beast (1584) also harkens to Lucian’s example. There Momus plays a central role in the series of dialogues conducted by the Olympian deities and Bruno’s narrators as Jupiter seeks to purge the universe of evil.[54]

During the reign of Elizabeth I, Gray’s Inn rose in prominence, and that period is considered the “golden age” of the Inn, with Elizabeth serving as the Patron Lady.[55] Gray’s Inn, as well as the other Inns of Court, became noted for the parties and festivals it hosted. In winter 1561, the Inner Temple was the scene of an extraordinary set of revels and a performance of a play called Gorboduc, before Queen Elizabeth, that celebrated the raising of Robert Dudley as the Temple’s “Christmas Prince.” Dudley was granted the role in gratitude for his intervention in a dispute with the Middle Temple over Lyon’s Inn, one of the Inns of Chancery that had historically been tied to the Inner Temple. Dudley’s influence swayed Elizabeth into asking Nicholas Bacon—as Lord Keeper of the Great Seal, and father of Francis Bacon—to rule in favor of the Inner Temple, and in gratitude the Parliament and Governors of the Inner Temple swore never to take a case against Dudley and to offer him their legal services whenever required. This pledge was always honored, and in 1576 the Inner Temple Parliament referred to Dudley as the “chief governor of this House.”[56] The play was partially documented by Gerard Legh in his Accedens of Armory, a book of heraldry woodcuts, which described Dudley as bearing the shield of Pallas, and being Prince Pallaphilos, the second Perseus, lieutenant of the goddess Pallas Athena—personifying Queen Elizabeth—and patron of the order of Pegasus, the horse of honor.[57]

Printed in 1688 from a manuscript apparently passed down from the 1590s, the Gesta Grayorum is an account of the Christmas revels by the law students at Gray’s Inn in 1594. On 28 January 1594, Bacon took over the role of Treasurer of Gray’s Inn, where he was responsible for the revels. It was decided that the Inn was to be turned into a mock royal court and kingdom, ruled by a “Prince,” in jesting imitation of the royal court of Queen Elizabeth, complete with masques, plays, dances, pageants, ceremonial. The revels, which took place over the Twelve Days of Christmas, were called The Prince of Purpoole and the Honourable Order of the Knights of the Helmet. The title referred to the Manor of Purpoole or Portpoole, the original name of Gray’s Inn. Like the mummers, the theme of these revels centered around the idea of errors being committed, disorder ensuing, and a trial held of the “Sorcerer” responsible, who then restores order.[58]

The entertainment would have included drinking the health of the Prince of Purpoole, usually a student elected Lord of Misrule for the duration of the Festival.[59] In the Inns of Court, the Lord of Misrule was represented by lawyers dressed as a prince: the Prince d’Amour for the Middle Temple, the Prince of the Sophie for the Inner Temple, the Prince of the Grange for Lincoln’s Inn, and the Prince of Purpoole for Gray’s Inn.[60] The Lord of Misrule to John Milton, in a masque of the same name, was the pagan god Comus. In Greek mythology, Comus is the god of festivity and revelry, and the root of the word “comedy.” Ben Jonson associated Comus with Bacchus in Poetaster (1602): “we must live and honor the Gods sometimes, now Bacchus, now Comus, now Priapus.”[61] In Jonson’s Pleasure Reconciled to Virtue, Comus, the god of cheer, the Belly-god appears as a character, riding in triumph with his head crowned with roses. The Neo-Latin play Comus (1610) by Erycus Puteanus was performed in Oxford in 1634.[62] Ben Jonson dedicated Every Man out of His Humor to “the noblest nurseries of humanity and liberty, the INNS OF COURT.”[63]

The Lord of Misrule, who presided over the festivities in grand houses, university colleges and Inns of Court, was sometimes called “Captain Christmas,” “Prince Christmas” or “The Christmas Lord,” being the origin of Father Christmas, and later Santa Claus.[64] With the Christianization of Germanic Europe, numerous traditions were absorbed from Yuletide celebrations into modern Christmas. Odin’s role during the Yuletide has been theorized as having influenced concepts of St. Nicholas, and later Santa Claus.[65] A personified “Christmas” appears in Ben Jonson’s court entertainment Christmas his Masque (1616), also called Christmas His Show, together with his ten children, who are led in, on a string, by Cupid: Carol, Misrule, Gambol, Offering, Wassail, Mumming, New-Year’s-Gift, Post and Pair, and even Minced-Pie and Baby-Cake. Cupid is soon joined by his mother Venus, who lives in Pudding Lane.

Merrymount

Thomas Morton (c. 1579 – 1647) was an early American colonist from Devon, England, famed for founding the British colony of Merrymount, which was located in what is now Quincy, Massachusetts, and for his work studying Native American culture. Morton maintained contacts with the School of Night, a modern name for a group of men centered on Sir Walter Raleigh that was once referred to in 1592 as the “School of Atheism.”[66] The group supposedly included poets and scientists Christopher Marlowe, George Chapman and Thomas Harriot. It was alleged that each of these men studied science, philosophy, and religion, and all were suspected of atheism. Marlowe was the author of Doctor Faustus, which is the most controversial Elizabethan play outside of Shakespeare. It is based on the German story of Faust, a highly successful scholar who is dissatisfied with his life, which leads him to make a pact with the Devil, and exchange his soul for unlimited knowledge and worldly pleasures. There is no firm evidence that all of these men were known to each other, but speculation about their connections features prominently in some writing about the Elizabethan era.

In the late 1590s, Morton studied law at London's Clifford’s Inn, where he was exposed to the “libertine culture” of the Inns of Court, where bawdy revels included Gesta Grayorum performances associated with Francis Bacon and Shakespeare. It is likely there that he met Ben Jonson, who would remain a friend throughout his life. Morton eventually settled into the service of Ferdinando Gorges, an associate of Sir Walter Raleigh, who was governor of the English port of Plymouth and a major colonial entrepreneur. Gorges had been part of Robert Devereux’s Essex Conspiracy, Essex’s Rebellion was an unsuccessful rebellion led by Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, in 1601 against Elizabeth I of England and the court faction led by Sir Robert Cecil to gain further influence at court. Gorges escaped punishment by testifying against the main conspirators who were executed for treason.

By 1626, Morton had established a trading post at a place called Merrymount, on the site of modern-day Quincy, Massachusetts. Scandalous rumors spread of debauchery at Merrymount, including immoral sexual liaisons with native women and drunken orgies in honor of Bacchus and Aphrodite, or as the Puritan Governor William Bradford wrote in his history Of Plymouth Plantation, “They… set up a May-pole, drinking and dancing about it many days together, inviting the Indian women for their consorts, dancing and frisking together (like so many fairies, or furies rather) and worse practices. As if they had anew revived & celebrated the feasts of ye Roman Goddess Flora, or ye beastly practices of ye mad Bacchanalians.”[67]

Morton declared himself “Lord of Misrule,” of the Feast of Fools. As historians note, the name “Merrymount” can also refer to the Latin phrase Mas Maris meaning “erect phallus.”[68] On May 1, 1627, Merrymount decided to throw a party in the manner of Merrie Olde England. The Mayday festival, the “Revels of New Canaan,” inspired by “Cupid’s mother”—with its “pagan odes” to Neptune and Triton (as well as Venus and her lustful children, Cupid, Hymen and Priapus), its drinking song, and its erection of a huge 80-foot Maypole, topped with deer antlers—appalled the “Princes of Limbo,” as Morton referred to his Puritan neighbors. After a second Maypole party the following year, Myles Standish led a party of armed men to Merrymount, and arrested Morton. Morton returned to New England in 1629, where he wrote New English Canaan, that praised the wisdom and humanity of the Indians but mocked the Puritans, and made Morton a celebrity in political circles.[69]

The second 1628 Mayday, “Revels of New Canaan,” inspired by “Cupid’s mother.” with its “pagan odes” to Neptune and Triton as well as Venus and her lustful children, Cupid, Hymen and Priapus, its drinking song, and its erection of a huge Maypole, topped with deer antlers, again scandalized his Puritan neighbours, whom he referred to as “Princes of Limbo.” The Plymouth militia under Myles Standish took the town the following June with little resistance, chopped down the Maypole and arrested Morton. He was marooned on the deserted Isles of Shoals, off the coast of New Hampshire, where he was essentially left to starve. However, he was supplied with food by friendly natives from the mainland, and he eventually gained strength to escape to England. The Merrymount community survived without Morton for another year, but was renamed Mount Dagon by the Puritans, after the Semitic sea god. During the severe winter famine of 1629, residents of New Salem under John Endecott raided Mount Dagon’s corn supplies and destroyed what was left of the Maypole, denouncing it as a pagan idol and calling it the “Calf of Horeb.” To the disappointment of the Pilgrims, Morton faced no legal action back in England. Instead, he returned to New England in 1629, settling in Massachusetts just as Winthrop and his allies were trying to launch their new colony. Morton was rearrested, again put on trial and banished from the colonies. The following year the colony of Mount Dagon was burned to the ground and Morton again shipped back to England.

Over the years, other rebels and free-thinkers have lived in Merrymount, which became Wollaston. The midwife Anne Hutchinson, who challenged the Puritan theocracy, lived there with her husband when they first arrived in New England in 1634. Hutchinson, who saw herself as a prophetess, became in involved in the Antinomian Controversy, which pitted John Winthrop and most of the Massachusetts Bay Colony’s Puritans against the Free Grace theology of her mentor John Cotton. John Hancock was born there, and John Quincy Adams, whose property in Quincy included the site of Mar-re Mount and who communicated to Thomas Jefferson his excitement upon finding a copy of New English Canaan after half a century.[70] Nathaniel Hawthorne’s story “The May-Pole of Merry Mount” in his Twice-Told Tales (1837) and J. L. Motley’s Merry Mount (1849) are based on Morton’s colonial career.

Mystick Krewe of Comus

Mimi L. Eustis published a website in 2005, titled Mardi Gras Secrets, to share the deathbed confessions of her father Samuel Todd Churchill, a high-level member of the Mystick Krewe of Comus, a secret society founded in 1856 by Judah P. Benjamin and Albert Pike in order to meet and communicate the plans of the Rothschilds. Civil War General Albert Pike was Sovereign Commander Grand Master of the Supreme Council of Scottish Rite Freemasonry in Charleston, South Carolina, and the reputed founder of the notorious Ku Klux Klan (KKK).

The Mystick Krewe of Comus, which is named after John Milton’s Lord of Misrule in his masque Comus, is oldest continuous organization of New Orleans Mardi Gras, a modern adaptation of the Feast of Fools festival. Prior to the advent of Comus, Carnival celebrations in New Orleans were mostly confined to the Roman Catholic Creole community, and parades were irregular and often very informally organized.

The Mardi Gras was originally a Catholic festive season that occurs before the liturgical season of Lent. From Italy, Carnival traditions spread to Spain, Portugal, and France, and from France to New France in North America. From Spain and Portugal, it spread with colonization to the Caribbean and Latin America. Most Louisiana cities which were under French control at one time or another, also hold Carnival celebrations. The most widely known, elaborate, and popular US events are in New Orleans where Carnival season is referred to as Mardi Gras.

Although officially, the Krewe of Comus claims to descend from the Cowbellion de Rakin Society of Mobile, Alabama, Eustis’ father claimed the society was founded by Yankee bankers from New England, who used the society as a front for the House of Rothschild, as well as for Skull and Bones, which was a branch of the Bavarian Illuminati. Passage into the secret of the code number 33, the highest stages of membership within the Skull and Bones society, required participation in the ritual “Killing of the King.” Eustis says her father emphasized that most Masons below the 3º remained in ignorance, while those to who rose past the 33º did so by participating in the “Killing of the King” ritual.

According to Eustis, William H. Russell, the founder of Skull and Bones, had a key partner by the name of Caleb Cushing, who served as a U.S. Congressman from Massachusetts and Attorney General under President Franklin Pierce. Cushing was involved in the secret “Killing of the King” of Presidents William Henry Harrison (1773 –1841) in 1841, and Zachary Taylor (1784 – 1850) in 1850, who had both opposed admitting Texas and California as slave states. Cushing dispatched Albert Pike, where his mission was to further the cause of slavery and to foster the Civil War, and to establish a line of communication with other fellow Illuminati. Pike was chosen by Cushing to head an Illuminati branch in New Orleans and to establish a New World order. Pike moved his law office to New Orleans in 1853 and was made Masonic Special Deputy of the Supreme Council of Louisiana on April 25, 1857.

Cushing, recounted Eustis, dispatched Albert Pike to Arkansas and Louisiana. Pike’s mission was to further the cause of slavery and to foment a and America civil war, and to establish a line of communication with other fellow Illuminati. Pike was chosen by Cushing to head an Illuminati branch in New Orleans and to establish a New World order. Pike moved his law office to New Orleans in 1853 and was made Masonic Special Deputy of the Supreme Council of Louisiana on April 25, 1857. Eustis further asserts, Pike and Judah P. Benjamin needed a secret society in order to foster a civil war in the United States and to establish the House of Rothschild, for which purpose they founded the Mystick Krewe of Comus in that same year.

The Mystick Krewe of Comus was founded to observe Mardi Gras in a more organized fashion. The second-oldest krewe in the New Orleans Mardi Gras is the Krewe of Momus, Son of Night & Lord of Misrule, which was founded in 1872. The Knights of Momus has operated continuously since its founding, and remains a secret society. The 1877 parade theme, “Hades, A Dream of Momus,” caused an uproar when it took aim at the Reconstruction government established in New Orleans after the Civil War. Attempts at retribution by local authorities were largely unsuccessful due to the secrecy of the membership. Momus’s 1878 float was inspired by Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream.

The inspiration for the Krewe of Comus came from Rosicrucian author John Milton’s Lord of Misrule in his masque Comus. The rebellious Thomas Morton declared himself “Lord of Misrule” during the pagan revelry in Merrymount in 1627, and his fellow celebrants were described by Young American Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804 – 1864) in The May-Pole of Merry Mount (1837) as a “crew of Comus.” Hawthorne was born in 1804 in Salem, Massachusetts, where his ancestors included John Hathorne, the only judge involved in the Salem witch trials who never repented of his actions. Much of Hawthorne’s fiction, such as The Scarlet Letter is set in seventeenth-century Salem. In 1851, Hawthorne published The House of the Seven Gables, a Gothic novel whose setting was inspired by the Turner-Ingersoll Mansion, a gabled house in Salem, belonging to Hawthorne’s cousin Susanna Ingersoll, and by his ancestors who had played a part in the Salem Witch Trials of 1692. In Young Goodman Brown, the main character is led through a forest at night by the Devil, appearing as man who carries a black serpent-shaped staff. Goodman is led to a coven where the townspeople of Salem are assembled, including those who had a reputation for Christian piety, in-mixed with criminals and others of lesser reputations, as well as Indian priests. Herman Melville said the novel was “as deep as Dante” and Henry James called it a “magnificent little romance.”[71]

Edgar Allan Poe, a fellow contributor to the Democratic Review, referred to Hawthorne’s short stories as “the products of a truly imaginative intellect.”[72] Poe’s gothic works are replete with occult symbolism. Poe’s Cask of Amontillado enacts a Masonic ritual in a way that would be evident only to Masons. The story is set in an unnamed Italian city, told from the perspective of a man named Montresor plots to murder his friend Fortunato during Carnevale (Mardi Gras), while the man is drunk and wearing a jester’s motley. who, he believes, has insulted him. According to Robert Con Davis-Undiano, “the plot of story, from Montresor’s initial meeting with Fortunato during Italian Carnevale, through Fortunato’s final entombment, itself enacts an initiation rite for Freemasonry.”[73]

Romantic Satanists

The circle of radical artists around Joseph Johnson (1738 – 1809) are known as Romantic Satanists, for their having the Satan of Milton’s Paradise Lost as a heroic figure who rebelled against “divinely ordained” authority.[74] hnson is best known for publishing the works of radical thinkers such as Mary Wollstonecraft, William Godwin, Thomas Malthus, Illuminatus Thomas Paine, as well as religious dissenters such as Joseph Priestley, a member Royal Society and of Lord Shelburne’s “Bowood circle,” along with Freemason Richard Price, who was a friend of Franklin and a key supporter of the American Revolution.

Johnson became friends with Priestley and Henry Fuseli (1741 – 1825), two relationships that lasted his entire life and enriched his business. In turn, Priestley trusted Johnson to handle his induction into the Royal Society.[75] Hanging above Johnson’s dinner guests, along with a portrait of Priestley, was Henry Fuseli’s famous The Nightmare, depicting a woman swooning with a demonic incubus crouched on her chest. One of Fuseli’s schoolmates with whom he became close friends was Johann Kaspar Lavater, who had challenged Moses Mendelssohn to convert Christianity.[76]

The Romantic Satanists were inspired by Milton’s famous line were Satan declares, “Better to reign in Hell, than to serve in Heav’n.” This attitude was found in Johnson’s friend, artist Henry Fuseli, who portrayed the fallen angel as a classical hero. In 1799, Fuseli exhibited own “Milton Gallery,” a series of 47 paintings from themes from Paradise Lost, with a view to forming a Milton gallery comparable to Boydell’s Shakespeare gallery. William Godwin (1756 – 1836), wrote in Enquiry into Political Justice (1793), where Milton’s Satan persists in his struggle against God even after his fall, and “bore his torments with fortitude, because he disdained to be subdued by despotic power.” Godwin, who is regarded as one of the first exponents of utilitarianism, and the first modern proponent of philosophical anarchism. Godwin was married to Fuseli’s former lover, the philosopher and feminist Mary Wollstonecraft (1759 – 1797), best known for A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792), one of the earliest works of feminist philosophy.

Johnson introduced Blake to the radical circle of Wollstonecraft, Godwin and Thomas Paine. Wollstonecraft, according to Adriana Craciun, “was among the first in a line of romantic outcasts who modeled themselves on the fallen hero of Paradise Lost.”[77] In A Vindication of the Rights of Woman, explains Craciun, it was the Adversary himself with whom Wollstonecraft identifies. Seeing through Milton’s domestic paradise: “The domestic trifles of the day have afforded matters for cheerful converse,” she writes regarding contemporary perceptions of women’s domesticity. “Similar feelings has Milton’s pleasing picture of paradisiacal happiness ever raised in my mind,” Wollstonecraft adds, “yet, instead of envying the lovely pair [Adam and Eve], I have with conscious dignity, or Satanic pride, turned to hell for sublimer objects.”[78]

After Wollstonecraft’s death, Godwin published a Memoir (1798) of her life, revealing her promiscuous lifestyle, which destroyed her reputation for almost a century. The Anti-Jacobin Review and Magazine, a conservative British political periodical, concluded that “the moral sentiments and moral conduct of Mrs. Wollstonecroft [sic], resulting from their principles and theories, exemplify and illustrate JACOBIN MORALITY” and warns parents against rearing their children according to her advice.[79] Such accusations, explains Chandos Michael Brown, in a time of widespread suspicion of the subversive activities of the Jacobins, would have regarded Wollstoncroft as a female Illuminati.[80]

Fuseli’s style had a considerable influence on many younger British artists, including William Blake (1757 – 1827), who was employed by Johnson. Largely unrecognized in his own lifetime, Blake is now considered a seminal figure in the history of the poetry and arts of the Romantic Age, along with William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor. Blake frequented Swedenborg’s New Jerusalem Society, which was influenced by the Kabbalistic sexual practice of Count Zinzendorf. While there is no record of Blake belonging to Freemasonry, he has been universally regarded in the occult as one of its great sages. However, Blake’s biographer Peter Ackroyd noted that according to the lists of grandmasters of the Druid Order, Blake was a grandmaster from 1799 until 1827. Of druidism Blake believed that, “The Egyptian Hieroglyphs, the Greek and the Roman Mythology, and the Modern Freemasonry being the last remnants of it. The honorable Emanuel Swedenborg is the wonderful Restorer of this long lost Secret.”[81] One of his most well-recognized paintings is that of the Ancient of Days of the Kabbalah, holding the Masonic symbol of a compass over a darker void below.

Blake produced the illustrations for an 1808 edition of Paradise Lost. Blake famously wrote in The Marriage of Heaven and Hell: “The reason Milton wrote in fetters when he wrote of Angels & God, and at liberty when of Devils & Hell, is because he was a true Poet and of the Devil's party without knowing it.” Blake’s Marriage of Heavan and Hell, explain Per Faxneld and Jesper Aa. Petersen, could be considered the first “satanic” Bible in history.[82] Through the voice of the Devil, Blake parodies and attacks the theology of Emanuel Swedenborg, the cosmology and ethics of Milton’s Paradise Lost, and biblical history and morality as constructed by the “Angels” of the established church and state. The Bible and other religious texts, Blake says, have been responsible for a lot of the misinformation. Although Hell is perceived as full of torment, it actually is a place where free-thinkers revel in the full experience of existence. While he was touring around, Blake says he collected some of the Proverbs of Hell, one of which famously stated: “The road of excess leads to the palace of wisdom.” The book ends with the Song of Liberty, a prose poem where Blake uses apocalyptic imagery to incite his readers to embrace the coming revolution.

Frankenstein

William Godwin and Mary Wollstonecraft were the parents of Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley (1797 – 1851), author of Frankenstein. Mary’s husband Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792 – 1822), who wrote Prometheus Unbound, equating the Satan of Milton’s Paradise Lost with Prometheus, the Greek mythological figure Prometheus, who defies the gods and gives fire to humanity, for which he is subjected to eternal punishment and suffering at the hands of Zeus. Percy is regarded by critics as amongst the finest lyric poets in the English language. Percy was expelled from Oxford after he published his Necessity of Atheism in 1811. Shelley was inspired by Spinoza to write his essay “The Necessity of Atheism,” which was circulated to all the heads of Oxford colleges at the University, where it caused great controversy. Shelley quotes Spinoza in his note in Canto VII of Queen Mab, published two years later and based on the essay. There, Shelley qualifies his definition of atheism in relation to Spinoza’s pantheism:

There Is No God. This negation must be understood solely to affect a creative Deity. The hypothesis of a pervading Spirit co-eternal with the universe remains unshaken.[83]

In his authoritative biography on Shelley, James Bieris notes that while Shelley was at Eton Shelley spent much of his leisure time reading on occult science, and spent his money on books on witchcraft and magic and on scientific instruments and materials. Also at Eton, Shelley was reported to have tried to “raise a ghost,” taking a proscribed skull which he drank from three time, fearing that the devil was following him, but no ghost appeared.[84] In his youth, Shelley had fallen under the influence of Dr. James Lind, a member of the Lunar Society and considered the modern-day Paracelsus. In fact, among Shelley’s favorite topics for research was Paracelsus, in addition to magic and alchemy. Among Percy Shelley’s best-known works are Prometheus Unbound, and The Rosicrucian, A Romance, a Gothic horror novel where the main character Wolfstein, a solitary wanderer, encounters Ginotti, an alchemist of the Rosicrucian or Rose Cross Order who seeks to impart the secret of immortality.

Shelley read the anti-religious works of Lucretius and the Illuminatus Condorcet.[85] Percy Shelley read Barruel’s Memoirs “again and again… [being] particularly taken with the conspiratorial account of the Illuminati.”[86] At Oxford, Shelley became friends with Thomas Jefferson Hogg, his future biographer, who reported, “He used to read aloud to me with rapturous enthusiasm the wondrous tales of German Illuminati, and he was disappointed, sometimes even displeased, when I expressed doubt or disbelief.”[87] On March 2, 1811, Shelley, who thought of creating his own “association” along similar lines, sent a letter to the editor of the Examiner in which he expressed his desire of “applying the machinery of Illuminism.”[88] Likewise, writes Mary Shelley’s biographer, Miranda Seymour, “Sitting on the shores of Lake Lucerne, Mary had been introduced to one of Shelley’s favorite books, the Abbé Barruel’s Memoirs… Here, Barruel traced the birth of ‘the monster called Jacobin’ to the secret society of the Illuminati at Ingolstadt. Ingolstadt is where Mary decided to send Victor Frankenstein to university; Ingolstadt is where he animates his creature…”[89]

English Romantic poetry is believed to have reached its zenith in the works of Keats, Shelley and Lord Byron (1788 – 1824).[90] Mary and Percy Shelley were also closely associated Byron, who is described as the most flamboyant and notorious of the leading Romantics. Byron was celebrated during his lifetime for aristocratic excesses, including huge debts, numerous love affairs with both sexes, rumors of a scandalous incestuous liaison with his half-sister, and self-imposed exile. Byron travelled all over Europe, especially in Italy where he lived for seven years and became a member of the Carbonari. He later joined the Greek War of Independence fighting the Ottoman Empire, for which Greeks revere him as a national hero.[91] Influenced by Milton’s Paradise Lost, Byron wrote Cain: A Mystery in 1821, provoking an uproar because the play dramatized the story of Cain and Abel from the point of view of Cain, who is inspired by Lucifer to protest against God.

In 1816, at the Villa Diodati, a house Byron rented by Lake Geneva in Switzerland, Mary, Percy and John Polidori (1795 – 1821) decided to have a competition to see who could write the best horror story, which resulted in Mary’s Frankenstein. Polidori was an English writer and physician, known for his associations with the Romantic movement and credited by some as the creator of the vampire genre of fantasy fiction. His most successful work was the short story The Vampyre (1819), produced by the same writing contest, and the first published modern vampire story.

The fable of the alchemically-created homunculus, which was related to the Jewish legend of the golem, may have been central in Shelley’s novel Frankenstein. Professor Radu Florescu suggests that Johann Conrad Dippel, an alchemist born in Castle Frankenstein, might have been the inspiration for Victor Frankenstein. Victor Frankenstein, the protagonist of Mary’s novel, admits to having been inspired by Agrippa, Paracelsus and Albertus Magnus, all magicians and among the most celebrated figures in Western occult tradition. Victor begins his account by announcing, “I collected the instruments of life around me, that I might infuse a spark of being into the lifeless thing that lay at my feet.”

Mary Shelley was inspired by Frankenstein Castle, where two centuries before an alchemist was engaged in experiments. Frankenstein Castle is on a hilltop in the Odenwald overlooking the city of Darmstadt in Germany. The castle gained international attention when the SyFy TV-Show Ghost Hunters International produced an entire episode about the castle in 2008, after which the team became convinced that there was some sort of paranormal activity going on. Frankenstein Castle is associated with numerous occult legends, including that of a knight named Lord Georg who saved local villagers from a dragon, and a fountain of youth where in the first full-moon night after Walpurgis Night old women from the nearby villages had to undergo tests of courage. The one who succeeded was returned to the age she had been in the night of her wedding. On Mount Ilbes, in the forest behind Frankenstein Castle, compasses do not work properly due to magnetic stone formations. Legend has it that Mount Ilbes is the second most important meeting place for witches in Germany after Mount Brocken in the Harz. In the late seventeenth century, Johann Conrad Dippel stayed at Frankenstein, where he was rumored to have practiced alchemical experiments on corpses that he exhumed, and that a local cleric warned his parish that Dippel had created a monster that was brought to life by a bolt of lightning. Local people still claim this to have actually happened and that this tale was related to Shelley’s stepmother by the Grimm brothers, the German fairy-tale writers.[92]

Hail Santa

Charles Dickens’ 1843 novel A Christmas Carol was highly influential, and has been credited both with reviving interest in Christmas in England and with shaping the themes associated with it.[93] Dickens was a close friend of Edward Bulwer-Lytton (1803 – 1873), the pre-eminent personality of the Occult Revival, and the “Great Patron” of the Masonic research group known as the Societas Rosicruciana in Anglia (SRIA), which was restricted to high-ranking Freemasons. Bulwer-Lytton was also closely acquainted with Eliphas Lévi, who would become one of the most important esoteric writers of all time. In 1855, under his civil name of Constant, Levi published a series of articles in the Revue entitled “The Kabbalistic Origins of Christianity” and the Kabbalah as the “Source of all Dogmas,” which was the first time that he expounded his “Kabbalistic” theories to a wider socialist readership. Albert Pike also wrote lectures for all the degrees which were published in 1871 under the title Morals and Dogma of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry, which was mostly plagiarized from Eliphas Lévi’s Dogme et Rituel de la Haute Magie.

Pike, along with Otto von Bismarck (1815 – 1898) and Giuseppe Mazzini (1807 – 1872)—who was reputed to have been Weishaupt’s successor as head of the Illuminati[94]—completed an agreement to create a supreme universal rite of Masonry that would arch over all the other rites.[95] Pike, in honor of the Templar idol Baphomet, named the order the New and Reformed Palladian Rite or New and Reformed Palladium. The Palladian Rite, it was the pinnacle of Masonic power, an international alliance to bring in the Grand Lodges, the Grand Orient, the ninety-seven degrees of Memphis and Misraim of Count Cagliostro, also known as the Ancient and Primitive Rite, and the Scottish Rite, or the Ancient and Accepted Rite.

Lévi collaborated closely with Charles Nodier (1780 – 1844), a purported Grand Master of the Priory of Sion, who was an influential French author and librarian who introduced a younger generation of Romanticists to the conte fantastique, gothic literature, and vampire tales. Nodier successfully adapted John Polidori’s “The Vampyre” for the stage. “The Vampyre” was taken from the story Lord Byron told as part of a contest among Polidori, Mary Shelley, Lord Byron, and Percy Shelley, which also produced the novel Frankenstein.

Mary Shelley was on friendly terms with John Howard Payne (1791 – 1852), an American actor and poet who enjoyed nearly two decades of a theatrical career and success in London. Payne is today most remembered as the creator of “Home! Sweet Home!.” After his return to the United States in 1832, Payne spent time with the Cherokee Indians in the Southeast and published a theory that suggested their origin as one of the Ten Lost Tribes of Israel. Payne’s belief was shared by other figures of the early American period, including Benjamin Franklin.[96] Payne had become infatuated with Shelley, but lost interest when he realized she hoped only to use him to attract the attention of his friend, American short-story writer Washington Irving (1783 – 1859).[97] Irving was one of the first American writers to earn fame in Europe, and thus encouraged other American authors such as Nathaniel Hawthorne, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Herman Melville and Edgar Allan Poe. Irving was also admired by number of British writers, including Lord Byron, Thomas Campbell, Charles Dickens, Mary Shelley, Francis Jeffrey and Walter Scott, who became a lifelong personal friend.

Christmas celebrations were first revived by Francis Bacon at the Inns of Court, where they were presided over by the Lord of Misrule, borrowed directly from the ancient Saturnalia and its worship of Saturn, or Satan.[98] Following the Protestant Reformation, many of the new denominations continued to celebrate the holiday. In 1629, the John Milton penned On the Morning of Christ’s Nativity, a poem that has since been read by many during Christmastide.[99] However, when the Puritans took control of government in the mid-1640s they made concerted efforts to abolish Christmas and to outlaw its traditional customs. In 1647, parliament passed an Ordinance for Abolishing of Festivals which formally abolished Christmas in its entirety, along with the other traditional church festivals of Easter and Whitsun.

Following the Restoration in 1660, most traditional Christmas celebrations were revived, and during the Victorian period, they enjoyed a significant revival, including the figure of Father Christmas. In the early nineteenth century, Christmas festivities became widespread with the rise of the Oxford Movement in the Church of England which emphasized the centrality of Christmas in Christianity, along with Irving, Dickens, and other authors emphasizing children, gift-giving, and Santa Claus or Father Christmas.[100] In the 1820s, interest in Christmas was revived in America by several short stories by Irving which appeared in his The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent. and “Old Christmas.” Irving’s stories depicted English Christmas festivities he experienced while staying in Aston Hall in Birmingham, that had largely been abandoned. As a format for his stories, Irving used the tract Vindication of Christmas (1652) of Old English Christmas traditions, that he had transcribed into his journal.[101]

Irving’s friend, Clement Clarke Moore (1779 – 1863), was the author of A Visit from St. Nicholas, more commonly known as ‘Twas the Night Before Christmas, a poem first published anonymously in 1823, through which modern ideas of Santa Claus were popularized. “St. Nick” is described as being “chubby and plump, a right jolly old elf” covered in soot, with “a little round belly,” riding a “miniature sleigh” pulled by “tiny reindeer” named: Dasher, Dancer, Prancer, Vixen, Comet, Cupid, Dunder and Blixem, which came from the old Dutch words for thunder and lightning, which were later changed to the more German sounding Donner and Blitzen. Of the numerous mythological connections between Santa and Satan, Jeffrey Burton Russell explains in The Prince of Darkness: Radical Evil and the Power of Good in History:

The Devil comes from the north, domain of darkness and punishing cold. Curious connections exist between Satan and Santa Claus (Saint Nicholas). The Devil lives in the far north and drives reindeer; he wears a suit of red fur; he goes down chimneys in the guise of Black Jack or the Black Man covered in soot; as Black Peter he carries a large sack into which he pops sins or sinners (including naughty children); he carries a stick or cane to thrash the guilty (now he merely brings candy canes); he flies through the air with the help of strange animals; food and wine are left out for him as a bribe to secure his favors. The Devil's nickname (!) “Old Nick” derives directly from Saint Nicholas. Nicholas was often associated with fertility cults, hence with fruit, nuts, and fruitcake, his characteristic gifts.[102]

Irving’s The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent. also included the short stories for which he is best known, “Rip Van Winkle” (1819) and “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” (1820), which was especially popular during Halloween because of a character known as the Headless Horseman believed to be a Hessian soldier who was decapitated by a cannonball in battle. In 1824, Irving published the collection of essays Tales of a Traveller, including the short story “The Devil and Tom Walker,” a story very similar to the German legend of Faust. The story first recounts the legend of the pirate William Kidd, who is rumored to have buried a large treasure in a forest in colonial Massachusetts. Kidd made a deal with the devil, referred to as “Old Scratch” and “the Black Man” in the story, to protect his money.

[1] K. Karbiener & G. Stade. Encyclopedia of British Writers, 1800 to the Present, Volume 2, (Infobase Publishing, 2009), pp. 188-190.

[2] James Frazer. The Golden Bough. Chapter 24 - The Killing of the Divine King and Chapter 58 - Human Scapegoats in Classical Antiquity.

[3] Dorothy Morrison. Yule: A Celebration of Light and Warmth (St. Paul, Minn: Llewellyn Publications). p. 4.

[4] H. D. Muller. “Mythologie der griech.” Stimme, II 39 f; K. O. Miiller, Aeschylos, Eumeniden, p. 146 f; . Stengel, “Die griech,” Sakralalterthimer, S. 87; cited in Arthur Fairbanks, “The Chthonic Gods of Greek Religion,” The American Journal of Philology , Vol. 21, No. 3 (1900), pp. 241-259.

[5] M. L. West. The East Face of Helicon: West Asiatic Elements in Greek Poetry and Myth (Oxford: Claredon Press, 1997), p. 277.

[6] “Cronus.” Encyclopædia Britannica (Encyclopædia Britannica Ind, September 26, 2018).

[7] West. The East Face of Helicon, p. 277.

[8] Book XX, Chap. I.

[9] West. The East Face of Helicon, p. 302.

[10] Ibid., p. 298-99.

[11] Ibid., p. 490.

[12] James Frazer. The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 09 of 12) 5. Saturnalia in Western Asia.

[13] James Frazer. The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 09 of 12). “The Babylonian Festival of the Sacaee.”

[14] Jan Bremmer. “Ritual.” in Religions of the Ancient World (Belknap Press, 2004), p. 38.

[15] Livy 22.1.20; Macrobius, Saturnalia 1.10.18; Robert E. A. Palmer. Rome and Carthage at Peace (Historia – Einzelschriften) (Stuttgart, Germany: Franz Steiner, 1997), pp. 63–64.

[16] Roel van den Broek. “The Sarapis Oracle in Macrobius Sat., I, 20, 16–17,” in Hommages à Maarten J. Vermaseren (Brill, 1978), vol. 1, p. 123ff.

[17] James Frazer. The New Golden Bough, ed. Theodor H. Gaster, part 7 “Between Old and New: Periods of License” (New York: Criterion Books, 1959).

[18] Michael Haag. The Templars. The History & the Myth (Profile Books, 2008), p. 257.

[19] Napier. A to Z of the Knights Templar.

[20] Anthony Grafton, Glenn W. Most & Salvatore Settis. “Bacchanalia and Saturnalia.” The Classical Tradition (Cambridge, Massachusetts and London, England: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2010). p. 116.

[21] Craig A. Williams. Martial: Epigrams Book Two (Oxford University Press, 2004), p. 259.

[22] Ebbe Schön. Asa-Tors hammare, Gudar och jättar i tro och tradition (Fält & Hässler, Värnamo, 2004).

[23] George Harley McKnight. St. Nicholas: His Legend and His Role in the Christmas Celebration and Other Popular Customs (1917) pp. 24–26, 138–139.

[24] Jeffrey Burton Russell. The Prince of Darkness: Radical Evil and the Power of Good in History (Ithica: Cornell University Press, 1988), p. 114.

[25] Grafton, Most & Settis. “Bacchanalia and Saturnalia.” p. 116.

[26] Clement A. Miles. Christmas in Ritual and Tradition (Xist Publishing, 2016). p. 108.

[27] Carl Gustav Jung. The Archetypes and the Collective Unconscious (New York: Bolingen, 1959), p. 257.

[28] Ibid.

[29] Grafton, Most & Settis. “Bacchanalia and Saturnalia,” p. 116.

[30] Ibid.

[31] James Edwin Thorold Rogers. Bible Folk-lore: A Study in Comparative Mythology (New York: J.W. Bouton, 1884), p. 346.

[32] John Cleland. Fanny Hill, or, Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure (New York: Penguin Classics, 1985).

[33] Ibid., p. 346.

[34] Tucker Brooke (December 1946). “Latin Drama in Renaissance England.” A Journal of English Literary History. 13 (4): 233–240.

[35] William Dugdale & William Herbert. Antiquities of the Inns of court and chancery: containing historical and descriptive sketches relative to their original foundation, customs, ceremonies, buildings, government, &c., &c., with a concise history of the English law (London: Vernor and Hood, 1804), p. 191.

[36] Robert Richard Pearce. History of the Inns of Court and Chancery: With Notices of Their Ancient Discipline, Rules, Orders, and Customs, Readings, Moots, Masques, Revels, and Entertainments (R. Bentley, 1848). p. 219

[37] Francis Bacon and His Times (Spedding 1878.) Gray’s Inn Revel. Nichol’s Progresses of Queen Elizabeth; cited in Martin Pares. “Francis Bacon and the Knights of the Helmet.” American Bar Association Journal, Vol. 46, No. 4 (APRIL 1960), p. 405.

[38] Ibid.

[39] Gargantua and Pantagruel, Book 5, Chapter 8.

[40] Erasmus. Adagia 2.10.74 (Orci galea).

[41] Francis Bacon. Essays Civil and Moral 21, “Of Delays.”

[42] Alfred Dodd. Francis Bacon’s Personal Life Story (Rider, 1986 ), p. 131.

[43] Hagger. The Secret Founding of America. Kindle Locations 1632-1633.

[44] Alfred Dodd. Francis Bacon’s Personal Life Story (Rider, 1986 ), p. 131.

[45] Francis Bacon and His Times (Spedding, 1878).

[46] A. Wigfall Green. The Inns of Court and Early English Drama (New York: Benjamin Blom, 1931).

[47] Ibid.

[48] Frederick S. Boas. University Drama in the Tudor Age (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1914), p. 25.

[49] Henry Glassie. All Silver and No Brass, An Irish Christmas Mumming (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1976). p. 224.

[50] Peter Thomas Millington. The Origins and Development of English Folk Plays, National Centre for English Cultural Tradition (University of Sheffield, 2002), pp. 22, 139.

[51] “Mommerie.” International Encyclopedia of Dance 1998, Vol. 4 (Oxford University Press, 1998), pp. 448-9.

[52] Francisco Rodríguez Adrados. History of the Graeco-latin Fable, Vol.3, (Leident: Brill NL, 2003), pp.131-3.

[53] Hermotimus or the Rival Philosophies, p. 52.

[54] Richard Henry Popkin. The Columbia History of Western Philosophy (Columbia University 2013), pp. 320-1.

[55] “Gray’s Inn.” Bar Council. Retrieved from http://www.barcouncil.org.uk/about/innsofcourt/graysinn/

[56] Marie Axton. “Robert Dudley and the Inner Temple Revels.” The Historical Journal (Cambridge University Press, 1970). p. 365.

[57] Ibid., p. 368.

[58] Peter Dawkins. “The Life of Sir Francis Bacon.” Francis Bacon Research Trust (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.fbrt.org.uk/pages/essays/Life_of_Sir_Francis_Bacon.pdf

[59] “Francis Bacon and the Origins of an Ancient Toast at Gray’s Inn.” Graya no. 131, p. 41. Gray’s Inn. Retrieved from https://www.graysinn.org.uk/sites/default/files/documents/members/Gray%27s%20Inn%20-%20Graya%20131%20Bacon.pdf

[60] Peter Dawkins. Twelfth Night: The Wisdom of Shakespeare (Oxfordshire: The Francis Bacon Research Trust, Feb. 2, 2015).

[61] 3.4.114-16.

[62] Stella P. Revard. John Milton Complete Shorter Poems (John Wiley & Sons, May 4, 2012), p. 90 n. 20.

[63] A. Wigfall Green. The Inns of Court and Early English Drama (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1931), p. 6-12.

[64] Jacqueline Simpson & Steve Roud. A Dictionary of English Folklore (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000), pp. 119–120.

[65] George Harley McKnight. St. Nicholas: His Legend and His Role in the Christmas Celebration and Other Popular Customs (1917) pp. 24–26, 138–139.

[66] Frederick Samuel Boas. Christopher Marlowe: a biographical and critical study (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1940).

[67] “The Maypole That Infuriated the Puritans.” New England Historical Society (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.newenglandhistoricalsociety.com/maypole-infuriated-puritans/

[68] Thomas Morton. New English Canaan. ed. Jack Dempsey (Stoneham, MA: Jack Dempsey, 2000), p. 134, n. 446.

[69] “The Maypole That Infuriated the Puritans.”

[70] David A. Lupher “Thomas Morton of Ma-re Mount: The ‘Lady of Learning’ versus ‘Elephants of Wit’.” Greeks, Romans, and Pilgrims (Leiden: Brill, 2017), p. 82.

[71] Edwin Haviland Miller. Salem Is My Dwelling Place: A Life of Nathaniel Hawthorne (Iowa City: University of Iowa Press, 1991), p. 119.

[72] Arthur Hobson Quinn. Edgar Allan Poe: A Critical Biography (Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1998), p. 334.

[73] Robert Con Davis-Undiano. “Poe and the American Affiliation with Freemasonry.” symplokē, Vol. 7, No. 1/2, Affiliation (1999), p. 125.

[74] Per Faxneld & Jesper Aa. Petersen. The Devil’s Party: Satanism in Modernity (Oxford University Press, 2013), p. 42.

[75] Chard, Leslie. “Bookseller to publisher: Joseph Johnson and the English book trade, 1760–1810.” The Library. 5th series. 32 (1977), p. 150.

[76] “Fuseli, Henry.” In Hugh Chisholm (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica, 11th ed. (Cambridge University Press, 1911).

[77] Adriana Craciun. “Romantic Satanism and the Rise of Nineteenth-Century Women's Poetry Author(s).” New Literary History, Autumn, 2003, Vol. 34, No. 4, Multicultural Essays (Autumn, 2003), pp. 703.

[78] A Routledge Literary Sourcebook on Wollstonecrafl’s A Vindication of the Rights of Woman, ed. Adriana Craciun (London, 2002), pp. 48-49;

[79] Anti-Jacobin Review and Magazine (July 1798), 98–9.

[80] C.M.  Brown.  “Mary  Wollstonecraft,  or  the  Female  Illuminati:  The  Campaignagainst Women and “Modern Philosophy” in the Early Republic.” Journal of the Early Republic, 15 (1995), pp. 395.

[81] Philip Coppens. “William Blake: What paintings of visions come.” Retrieved from http://www.philipcoppens.com/blake.html

[82] Per Faxneld & Jesper Aa. Petersen. The Devil’s Party: Satanism in Modernity (Oxford University Press, 2013), p. 43.

[83] Percy Bysshe Shelley. Queen Mab, Canto VII, Note 13.

[84] James Bieri & S. James Bieri. Percy Bysshe Shelley: A Biography: Youth's Unextinguished Fire, 1792-1816 (University of Delaware Press, 2004), p. 85.

[85] Brian L. Silver. The Ascent of Science (Oxford University Press, 2000), p. 7.

[86] Berthold Schoene-Harwood. Mary Shelley: Frankenstein (Columbia University Press, 2000), p.138.

[87] Thomas Jefferson Hogg. The Life of Percy Bysshe Shelley, Vol. II (London, 1858), pp. Melanson. Perfectibilists (Kindle Locations 3584-3588).

[88] Hogg, op. cit., p. 189; cited in Melanson. Perfectibilists (Kindle Locations 3589-3592).

[89] Miranda Seymour. Mary Shelley (Grove Press, 2002), p. 111; cited in Melanson. Perfectibilists (Kindle Locations 3607-3611).

[90] “Romanticism.” Encyclopædia Britannica (Encyclopædia Britannica, inc. January 21, 2019).

[91] Richard Lansdown. “Byron and the Carbonari.” History Today (Volume: 41 Issue: 5)

[92] Stars and Stripes Website, “Frankenstein Castle: A frightfully nice place for Halloween celebration,” Retrieved 21 April 2014.

[93] Gerry Bowler. The World Encyclopedia of Christmas (Toronto: McClelland & Stewart Ltd., 2000), pp. 44.

[94] Nicholas Hagger. The Secret History of the West (O Books, 2005), pp. 367, 373.

[95] Daniel. Scarlet and the Beast (1994).

[96] Steven Conn. History’s Shadow: Native Americans and Historical Consciousness in the Nineteenth Century (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2004), pp.14, 123-124.

[97] See Sanborn, F.B., ed. The Romance of Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley, John Howard Payne and Washington Irving (Boston: Bibliophile Society, 1907).

[98] David Livingstone. Ordo ab Chao, Volume Two, Chapter 1: The Elizabethan Age.

[99] John T. Shawcross. John Milton (University Press of Kentucky, 1993), p. 249.

[100] Sally Ledger & Holly Furneaux, eds. Charles Dickens in Context (Cambridge University Press, 2011). p. 178.

[101] Penne L. Restad. Christmas in America: a History (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995).

[102] Jeffrey Burton Russell. The Prince of Darkness: Radical Evil and the Power of Good in History (Ithica: Cornell University Press, 1988), p. 114.

Nouvelle Droite

Relevant Reading

• Nouvelle Droite

• Alt-Reich

Marine Le Pen has been enjoying a disturbingly growing level of success in France, as leader of the National Rally, known until 2018 as the National Front (FN), founded in 1792 by her father Jean-Marie Le Pen, who had links with the deepest levels of post-War fascism, a tendency that Marine herself does not seem to have sincerely distanced herself from. Marine has attempted to distance herself and the party from its right-wing extremism, but as the New York Times reported, even in 2017, “descriptions of the inner workings of her party by present and former close Le Pen associates, as well as court documents, raise fresh doubts about the success and sincerity of those efforts.”[1]

According to Tamir Bar-On, GRECE’s ideas on race, culture and immigration had a major impact on the ideology of the entire right, and particularly the FN.[2] GRECE had a specific interest in Germanic and Nordic neopaganism, and its leaders called for fidelity to the “white Aryan ideal” and the formation of an “International of the white race” to “reassert the place of the white man in the world.”[3]

Some of the prominent names that have collaborated with GRECE include Arthur Koestler, Hans Eysenck, Konrad Lorenz, Mircea Eliade, Jeune Europe founder Jean-Francois Thiriart, Thierry Maulnier and Anthony Burgess, author of A Clockwork Orange. In 1976, Koestler, who had been an active agent of the CIA, working closely with Bill Donavan and later Allen Dulles, and a core founder of the CIA-front, the Congress for Cultural Freedom (CCF), published The Thirteenth Tribe, to prove that the bulk of Eastern European Jews were descended from the Khazars. Although Koestler apparently wrote the book with the hope that he could demolish the racial basis of anti-Semitism, the book was widely used by anti-Semites who attempted to demonstrate that the European Jews were imposters.[4]

From the 1960–1970s onwards, the Conservative Revolution influenced the European New Right, such as the Nouvelle Droite and the Neue Rechte, which advocated Third Position, a revived form of National Bolshevism, in opposition to both capitalism and communism.[5] Third Position politics saw the United States and liberal capitalism as the primary enemy, seeking an alliance with the Soviet Union, and promoting solidarity with Communist revolutionary movements in the Third World, including Asia and Latin America, and Arab opponents of Israel.[6] The leading organization of the Nouvelle Droite was known as GRECE, the Groupement de recherche et d’études pour la civilisation européenne (“Research and Study Group for European Civilization”), founded by de Alain de Benoist and others who belonged to the World Union of National Socialists (WUNS).[7]

WUNS was formed when British fascist Colin Jordan and George Lincoln Rockwell, of the American Nazi Party (ANP) had agreed to work towards developing an international network between movements as an umbrella group for neo-Nazi organizations across the globe. This resulted in the 1962 Cotswold Declaration, which was signed by neo-Nazis from the US, Britain, France (represented by esoteric Hitlerist Savitri Devi), West Germany, Austria and Belgium. Members pledged to acknowledge the “spiritual leadership of Adolf Hitler,” and to protect the Aryan race and Western Civilization by forming a “combat-efficient, international political apparatus to combat and utterly destroy the international Jew-Communist and Zionist apparatus,” and last but not least, project free enterprise.[8] More member nations would join later throughout the decade, including Argentina, Australia, Chile, Ireland, South Africa, Japan and others. Rockwell also became acquainted with Devi through WUNS, and once he succeeded Jordan as its leader, he launched National Socialist World as the party magazine. The journal’s editor Dr. William Pierce published condensed versions of Devi’s The Lightning and the Sun. Through Rockwell and Pierce, Devi’s Esoteric Hitlerism was brought to the attention of a much wider audience in Western Europe, the United States, South America and Australia.

A strong supporter of the Third Position, through an alliance with Islamic extremists, was neo-Nazi Ahmed Huber, a friend of Francois Genoud, the principal financial manager of the hidden Swiss assets of the Third Reich after World War II.[9] A former journalist who supposedly converted to Islam, changing his name from Albert, Huber was a well-known figure in European neo-fascist circles. But Huber is also a member of a group composed of former SS veterans calling itself Avalon Gemeinschaft, which claims to be based on the “great Celtic tradition,” and at every solstice he meets under the moon in a forest grove with a few hundred European Druids, with whom he is preparing the “end of our decline.” And with the Thule Society, he also works for the restoration of “greater Germany.”[10] Avalon’s founders also embraced the jargon of the “Nouvelle Droite” associated with Alain de Benoist’s GRECE, and GRECE’s German counterpart, Pierre Krebs‚ Thule Seminar.[11]

Huber also claimed to have met with Belgian Waffen SS leader Léon Degrelle, the founder of Rexism—a Catholic collaborationist Belgian movement—and a top leader of the postwar right.[12] After the collapse of the Nazi regime, Degrelle went into exile in Francoist Spain where he remained a prominent figure in neo-Nazi politics. Degrelle had been brought to Madrid by Otto Skorzeny—Hitler’s favorite commando, who would go on to work for the CIA and Mossad—who made him his chief aide. Degrelle became a great organizer of rapprochement between Palestinian groups and neo-Nazis between the years of 1950 to 1980.[13] While in Francoist Spain, Degrelle maintained a high standard of living and frequently appeared in public and private meetings in a white uniform featuring his German decorations. Ex-Flemish SS, leaders of the Vlaamse militanten orde (VMO), the main Flemish neo-Nazi action group in the 1970s and 1980s, the Vlaams Blok/Belang (VB) and other nationalist organizations visited Degrelle in Spain.[14]

Degrelle became active in the Spanish Neo-Nazi Círculo Español de Amigos de Europa (CEDADE) and ran its printing press in Barcelona. CEDADE, which was founded in 1966 under Franco’s rule and ostensibly as a society for the appreciation of Richard Wagner, was influenced by Skorzeny, who was a founding member.[15] Among those associated with the group was Klaus Georg Barbie, the son of Klaus Barbie.[16] Using the name Ediciones Wotan, it published works by Degrelle and Francis Parker Yockey and collaborated closely with the Liberty Lobby in the United States.[17] By the mid-1980s, the SD Group, the so-called “elite group” within CEDADE embraced “esoteric Hitlerism” and started publishing by Miguel Serrano in its journal Excalibur. At the end of the 1980s, most of the SD Group left CEDADE and formed the Society of the Thule Group, which promoted the Esoteric Hitlerism of Serrano and Savitri Devi.[18] In the beginning of the 1990s, the Thule Group began publishing a journal entitled Hiperbórea.[19]

Front national

Ahmed Huber also organized a meeting between a close friend of Leon Degrelle, Jean-Marie Le Pen of the Front Nationale (FN), and Huber’s close friend Necmettin Erbakan, the head of the now banned Turkish Islamist party Refah (Welfare), to develop a joint position on immigration.[20] Degrelle claimed Jean-Marie Le Pen was a “close friend,” and Front National representatives often met with him in Francoist Spain.[21] When asked what Le Pen might think of Hitler, he said, “I think he likes him very much.”[22]

One of the primary progenitors of the FN was the synarchist publication Action Française, with which Le Pen has been associated.[23] The FN was founded in 1972 by Ordre nouveau (ON), a far-right movement created in 1969. While the ON had competed in some local elections since 1970, at its second congress in June 1972 it decided to establish a new political party to contest the 1973 legislative elections. In order to create a broad movement, the ON sought to model the new party on the more established Italian Social Movement (MSI), which at the time appeared to establish a broad coalition for the Italian right. The FN adopted a French version of the MSI tricolor flame as its logo.[24]

Le Pen had been influenced by the journal Combat of the British National Party (BNP). In 1967, BNP and the League of Empire Loyalists (LEL) had come together to form the National Front (NF). John Tyndall, the former deputy to Colin Jordan of the neo-Nazi National Socialist Movement (NSM), who corresponded with Savitri Devi, became the NF’s chairman in 1972, until the party’s base of support was weakened when Margaret Thatcher adopted their anti-immigration rhetoric.

Le Pen founded the FN along with former OAS member Jacques Bompard, former Collaborationist Roland Gaucher and others supporters of Vichy France, neo-Nazi pagans, and Traditionalist Catholics.[25] Another conflict that is part of the party’s background was the Algerian War (many National Front members, including Le Pen, were directly involved in the war), and the right-wing dismay over the decision by French President Charles de Gaulle to abandon his promise of holding on to French Algeria.[26] Criticizing immigration and taking advantage of the economic crisis striking France and the world since the 1973 oil crisis, Le Pen’s party managed to increase its support in the 1980s.

Until his death, Traditionalist Catholic Marcel Lefebvre was a supporter of Jean-Marie Le Pen and the Front Nationale.[27] In 1989, it was discovered that for sixteen years his followers had been harboring Paul Touvier, indicted for his central role in the deportation of the Jews of Lyons to German death camps. Just before his death in March 1988, Lefebvre was fined eight thousand francs by the Court of Appeal in Paris for “racial defamation” and “incitement to racial hatred,” for suggesting publicly that immigrants, beginning with Muslims, should be expelled from Europe.[28] When GRECE lost most of its membership and popularity in the late 1990s, after its key ideologues on ethics matters defected to the FN.[29]

Alliance for Peace and Freedom (APF)

On March 22, 2015, high-ranking members of some of Europe’s most controversial parties attended the first International Russian Conservative Forum (IRCF) in St. Petersburg, attended by high-ranking members of the WNCM.[30] The forum’s organizers were Rodina, who claimed that it represented the “first forum of the national-oriented political forces of Europe and Russia in world history.” Following a full day of 10-minute speeches by more than 30 ultranationalist commentators and the leaders of radical right-wing parties from seven European Union countries, including Greece, Italy, Germany and Britain, the forum adopted a resolution on the creation of a permanent committee to coordinate Russia’s and Europe’s conservative political forces. They blamed the United States for the Ukraine crisis, deplored the erosion of traditional values in the West and praised President Vladimir Putin’s peacemaking skills.[31]

The bulk of the international part of the IRCF was represented by the Alliance for Peace and Freedom (APF), represented by Nick Griffin, former leader British National Party (BNP). Formed in 1982 by John Tyndall and other former members of the National Front (NF), the BNP established itself as the most prominent extreme-right group in the UK in the 1980s. When Tyndall refused to moderate the party’s policies or image, a growing group of “modernizers” in the party ousted him in favor of Griffin in 1999. In 2002, Tyndall joined in signing the New Orleans Protocol written by David Duke. In an attempt to overcome the divisiveness that had followed the death of William Pierce in 2002, Duke presented a unity proposal for peace within the movement. In 2004, Duke organized a weekend gathering of “European Nationalists,” in the spirit of white nationalism in Kenner, Louisiana. His proposal, now known as the New Orleans Protocol, pledged adherents to a pan-European outlook, recognizing national and ethnic allegiance, but stressing the value of all European peoples. The Protocol was signed by and sponsored by a number of white supremacist leaders and organizations, including Don Black and Willis Carto.

Griffin is Deputy Chairman of the Alliance for Peace and Freedom (APF), a newly established umbrella organization founded in Brussels on 4 February 2015. The main member parties had been involved in the now defunct European National Front. The APF maintains contacts with conservative circles in Russia and supports the policies of Vladimir Putin, especially in the Ukraine crisis. It maintains friendly relations with the Syrian Baath Party government. The APF also maintains contacts with the former leader of the French National Front, Jean-Marie Le Pen, who was expelled from the FN in 2015.[32] APF is represented by the following parties: Forza Nuova of Italy, National Democratic Party of Germany (NPD), Party of the Swedes, Greece’s Golden Dawn of Greed, Spain’s National Democracy, Belgium’s Nation and the Danish Party.

Marine le Pen

As reported in the New York Times, two men in Marine’s innermost circle, Frédéric Chatillon and Axel Loustau, who have been her associates since her days in law school in the 1980s, were known within the party for their Nazi-sympathies. French television broadcast video a video in 2017 from the 1990s of Loustau also visiting Degrelle, while anther video showed Chatillon speaking warmly of his own visit with Degrelle. “They have remained National Socialist,” said Aymeric Chauprade, once Marine’s principal adviser on foreign affairs, until a falling out, partly over his pro-Israel stance. “They are anti-Semites, nostalgic for the Third Reich, violently anticapitalist, with a hatred for democracy,” he added in an interview.[33]

Despite the party’s history of anti-Semitism, the FN has forged ties with the notorious Jewish Defense League (JDL), which is classified by the FBI as a terrorist group and is banned from politics in Israel.[34] The French chapter of the JDL has been accused of numerous assaults over the years, including an attack on French-Algerian racial justice activist Houria Bouteldja, and assaulting French Buzzfeed journalist David Perrotin. In 2014 she explained:

I will not stop repeating to French Jews, who are turning to us in increasing numbers, that not only is the National Front not your enemy, but it is without a doubt the best option to protect yourselves in the future… against the one true enemy, Islamist fundamentalists.[35]

Marine has confirmed taking an $11.7 million loan from the First Czech-Russian Bank in Moscow, which has been tied to the Kremlin. Le Pen has denied a further news report that the money was just the first installment of an eventual $50 million in loans to help her party through a presidential election in 2017. Le Pen has publicly stated her vision of a Europe of independent nation states controlled by a tripartite axis between Paris and Berlin and Moscow. France’s ProRussia TV, which is funded by the Kremlin, is staffed by editors with close ties to the National Front who use the station to espouse views close to National Front’s own perspective on domestic and international politics. The National Front wishes to replace the EU and NATO with a pan-European partnership of independent nations, which, incidentally, includes Russia and would be driven by a trilateral Paris-Berlin-Moscow alliance.[36]

The Russian loan “is no secret,” le Pen told Le Monde.[37] She even instructed Front National’s treasurer to report the “loans” to the party congress in December 2014, where they were celebrated in the company of two Russian dignitaries and fellow-travelers like the Italian Matteo Salvini of the League of the North and Holland’s Geert Wilders. Wilders is head of the Party for Freedom, breaks from the established center-right parties in the Netherlands with program items like administrative detention and strong assimilationist stance on the integration of immigrants into Dutch society. In addition, the party is consistently Eurosceptic. Wilders’ travels to Israel as a young adult, as well as to neighboring Arab countries, helped form his political views. He has campaigned to stop what he views as the “Islamization of the Netherlands.” He has compared the Quran to Mein Kampf and has campaigned to have the book banned in the Netherlands, and advocates ending immigration from Muslim countries, and supports banning the construction of new mosques.

Wilders also inspired Anders Behring Breivik, the Norwegian far-right terrorist who committed the 2011 Norway attacks, killing eight people by detonating a van bomb amid the Regjeringskvartalet in Oslo, then shooting dead 69 participants of a Workers’ Youth League (AUF) summer camp on the island of Utøya. Breivik has identified himself in a multitude of social media services as an admirer of, among others, the Freedom Party of Austria, Hindu nationalism, the right-wing Swiss People’s Party, Winston Churchill, Max Manus, Robert Spencer, former Japanese Prime Minister Taro Aso, Patrick Buchanan, Ayaan Hirsi Ali, Radovan Karadzic, and Geert Wilders, whose political party he described on the website of the periodical Minerva as one among the few that could “truly claim to be conservative parties in their whole culture.” But Wilders quickly distanced himself from Breivik and denounced him as “violent and sick.”[38]

Wilders, who long refused to align himself with European far-right leaders such as Jean-Marie Le Pen and Jörg Haider and expressed concern of being “linked with the wrong rightist fascist groups,” views himself as a right-wing liberal. More recently, however, Wilders worked together with the French National Front’s of Jean-Marie Le Pen’s daughter Marine Le Pen, in a failed attempt to form a parliamentary group in the European Parliament which would also have included the Freedom Party of Austria (FPO), Italy’s Northern League, and Belgium’s Flemish Interest. Anton Reinthaller, the FPO’s first party leader in 1956, was a former Nazi SS officer who had served as a Nazi Minister of Agriculture. The majority of the FPO’s members were former Nazis. In 2000, the US Congress unanimously passed House Resolution 429 condemning the FPO’s entry into Austria’s government, and highlighted the party’s neo-Nazi affiliations.[39]

Marine Le Pen appropriated for herself practically all of the reflections of Emmanuel Leroy, a former member of GRECE, whose name appeared in a leaked list of potentially sympathetic contacts purportedly drafted by Dugin.[40] In a 2008 essay, Leroy advocates “the tight and exclusive control” of telecommunications and the media, “due to their potential utilization as strategic weapons of disinformation.” He also thinks that the state should “assume the right to ban any society or foreign organization whose activities could be detrimental (in political, economic or cultural terms) for the country.” This proposition would be reprised by Le Pen in 2009.[41] In same essay, Leroy advocates “solidarisme,” a nationalist, economically protectionist ideology derived from the traditional fascist “Third Position.” Notably, echoing the language of Dugin, Leroy calls for the replacement of the European Union with “a continental economy… from Brest to Vladivostok.”[42]

In 2007, Leroy was a speaker at the “White Forum,” a conference of racists held in Moscow, headlined by former Ku Klux Klan leader David Duke. Leroy’s lecture, titled “A letter to a Russian Friend,” appears in the program for the event alongside “Euro-Rus as a Positive Antibiotic against the Negative Cosmopolitan Virus” (for “cosmopolitan” read “Jews”) and “Renaissance of Pan-Aryan Thought.”

[1] Adam Nossiter. “Le Pen’s Inner Circle Fuels Doubt About Bid to ‘Un-Demonize’ Her Party.” The New York Times (April 13, 2017). Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/20181217131022/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/13/world/europe/marine-le-pen-national-front-party.html

[2] Tamar Bar-On. “Great Britain.” World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1 (Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO, 2006), p. 290.

[3] James Shields. The Extreme Right in France: From Pétain to Le Pen (New York: Routledge, 2007), pp. 153, 104.

[4] Michael Scammell. Koestler: The Literary and Political Odyssey of a Twentieth-Century Skeptic (Random House, 2009), p. 546.

[5] Tamir Bar-On. Where Have All The Fascists Gone? (Routledge, 2016). p. 340.

[6] Spencer Sunshine. “Rebranding Fascism: National-Anarchists” Political Research Associates (January 28, 2008).

[7] Nicola Lebourg. “The French Far Right in Russia’s Orbit.” Carnegie Council for Ethics in International Affairs (May 15, 2018).

[8] Goodrick-Clarke. Black Sun, p. 37.

[9] “Group Forms Ties Between Islamic, Neo-Nazi Extremists.” CNN.com/Transcripts (Aired February 28, 2002).

[10] Labeviere. Dollars for Terror (New York: Algora Publishing. 2000), p. 143.

[11] Kerry Koogan. “Achmed Huber, The Avalon Gemeinschaft, and the Swiss ‘New Right’.” Spitfire List (May 1, 2002). Retrieved from: http://spitfirelist.com/news/achmed-huber-the-avalon-gemeinschaft-and-the-swiss-new-right/

[12] Kevin Coogan. “The Mysteries Achmed Huber: Friend to Hitler, Allah… and Bin Laden.” Autonomedia (June 8, 2002). Retrieved from http://dev.autonomedia.org/node/998

[13] Alexandre del Valle. “The Reds, The Browns and the Greens or The Convergence of Totalitarianisms.” (December 5, 2004). Retrieved from https://www.alexandredelvalle.com/single-post/2004/12/06/The-Reds-The-Browns-and-the-Greens-or-The-Convergence-of-Totalitarianisms

[14] “Les fidèles adeptes du ‘degrellisme’ de 1945 à nos jours.” Resistance (April 3, 2009). Retrieved from http://www.resistances.be/unnaziwallon04.html

[15] Lee. The Beast Reawakens, p. 186.

[16] Geoffrey Harris. The Dark Side of Europe - The Extreme Right Today (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1994), p. 130.

[17] Lee. The Beast Reawakens, p. 186.

[18] Anton Shekhovtsov. “Alexander Dugin and the West European New Right, 1989-1994.” In Eurasianism and the European Far Right: Reshaping the Europe-Russia Relationship (Lexington Books, 2015).

[19] Marlene Laruelle. “The Iuzhinskii Circle: Far-Right Metaphysics in the Soviet Underground and Its Legacy Today.” The Russian Review, 74 (2015): 563–580.

[20] Coogan. “The Mysteries Achmed Huber.”

[21] Lee. The Beast Reawakens, p. 368.

[22] “Le droit de savoir.” Télévision française 1 (1992). 4:44.

[23] Alan John Day. Political parties of the world (University of Michigan, 2002). p. 193

[24] James Shields. The extreme right in France: from Pétain to Le Pen (Routledge 2007), pp. 159, 169.

[25] Le Pen. son univers impitoyable, (Radio France Internationale), (September 1, 2006).

[26] Edward G. DeClair. Politics on the fringe: the people, policies, and organization of the French National Front (Duke University, 1999), pp. 21–24.

[27] Andrew Horn. “This religious sect is steeped in racism and hatred.” The Guardian (February 19, 2009).

[28] Kay Chadwick. Catholicism, Politics and Society in Twentieth-century France (Liverpool University Press, 2000). p. 274.

[29] Jean-Yves Camus. “A Long-Lasting Friendship.” Eurasianism and the European Far Right: Reshaping the Europe–Russia Relationship, edited by Marlene Laruelle (Lexington Books, 2015), p. 90.

[30] Anton Shekhovtsov. “Russian politicians building an international extreme right alliance.” Verdens Gang (September 14, 2015).

[31] Gabrielle Tetrault-Farber. “Russian, European Far-Right Parties Converge in St. Petersburg.” Moscow Times (March 22, 2015).

[32] “France’s Jean-Marie Le Pen joins European far-right alliance.” The Local (April 7, 2018. Retrieved from https://www.thelocal.fr/20180407/frances-jean-marie-le-pen-joins-european-far-right-allianc.

[33] Adam Nossiter. “Le Pen’s Inner Circle Fuels Doubt About Bid to ‘Un-Demonize’ Her Party.” The New York Times (April 13, 2017). Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/20181217131022/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/13/world/europe/marine-le-pen-national-front-party.html

[34] Adar Primor. “The Daughter as De-demonizer.” Haaretz (January 7, 2011).

[35] Rob Bryan. “How a Violent Jewish Extremist Group Went From the Fringes to the Mainstream French Right-Wing.” AlterNet (August 24, 2016).

[36] Mitchell A. Orenstein. “Putin’s Western Allies: Why Europe’s Far Right Is on the Kremlin’s Side.” Foreign Affairs (March 25, 2014). Retrieved from

https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/russia-fsu/2014-03-25/putins-western-allies

[37] Steve Weissman. “Putin Funds Far Right in France. “‘It’s No Secret,’ says Marine Le Pen.” Reader Supported News (December 4, 2014).

[38] Peter Cluskey. “Wilders describes suspect as ‘violent and sick’.” The Irish Times (July 26, 2011).

[39] Nafeez Ahmed. “A Fourth Reich is rising across Europe — with ties to Donald Trump and Vladimir Putin.” Medium (June 22, 2016).

[40] “Marine Le Pen’s Closest Advisor Comes Out of the Shadows In Donetsk” Daily Beast (May 14, 2015) Retrieved from http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2015/05/14/marine-le-pen-s-closest-advisor-comes-out-of-the-shadows-in-donetsk.html

[41] Ibid.

[42] Ibid.

Permalink

]]>Marine Le Pen and the Neo-Nazi Origins of the Front NationalDavid LivingstoneTue, 15 Mar 2022 18:45:41 +0000https://ordoabchao.ca/articles/strange-case-prince-philip5dbdcf85f13fc5620ba73deb:5dbdd2d788977b62a37847f8:6230ded5ac18d44bb0009bf1

Alchemical Wedding

Relevant Reading

• The Alchemical Wedding

• The Illuminati

• The Asiatic Brethren

• Synarchy

• The Cliveden Set

• The Eranos Conferences

• The Frankfurt School

• JFK Assassination

• Counterculture

• The Church of Satan

• The Priory of Sion

• Down Under

• #MeToo

David Cohen has written a fascinating article titled Freud and the British royal family, in which he details some of the history involving the mother of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, and his aunt, and their involvement with Sigmund Freud, in dealing with Philip’s mother’s case of schizophrenia, after she became interested in the occult and claimed to have had a sexual relationship with Jesus Christ and Buddha. But, that’s just the beginning of the high strangeness that has surrounded the life of Prince Philip, which has included connections to Nazism, the Son of Sam serial killer, the Priory of Sion, the 1001 Club, UFO disclosures, the Profumo Affair, and of course Jeffrey Epstein, though strangest of all was his encouragement of a cult on an island of former cannibals in the South Pacific who worshipped him as a god!

Adding mystery to these extensive connections is the fact that Prince Philip and his wife, Queen Elizabeth II, come from a line of aristocratic descent closely intertwined with the founders of Rosicrucianism, descended from the “Alchemical Wedding” of Frederick V of the Palatinte and Elizabeth Stuart, the daughter of King James. In 1877, Saint-Yves d’Alveydre, the founder of synarchism, married Marie de Riznitch, Comtesse de Keller, a good friend of the wife of Christian IX, King of Denmark (1818 – 1906), the Danish Queen Louise of Hesse-Kassel, of the Landgraves of Hesse-Kassel, who had been intimately connected with the Rothschilds and were direct descendants of the Rosicrucian founders.[1] Louise’s grandfather was Prince Frederick of Hesse-Kassel (1747 – 1837), whose brother Prince Charles of Hesse-Kassel was a friend of Comte St. Germain and a member of the Illuminati and Grand Master of the Asiatic Brethren, the first to use the swastika as their symbol.[2] Christian IX was Prince Charles’ grandson. Christian IX and Louise’s six children married into other royal families across Europe—including the children of Queen Victoria and the Romanovs of Russia—earning him the sobriquet “the father-in-law of Europe.”[3]

Mikhail Romanov (1596 – 1645), the first Tsar of the Romanov dynasty, allegedly ascended the throne with the help of the British Secret Service and John Dee’s son Arthur (1579 – 1651).[4] Mikhail’s son, Alexis of Russia (1629 – 1676), was committed to the care of his tutor Boris Morozov, a corrupt, self-seeking boyar and was accused of sorcery and witchcraft.[5] There is a tradition in Russia that Alexis’s son, Peter the Great (1672 – 1725), was initiated by Sir Christopher Wren and introduced Freemasonry in his dominions.[6]

Peter the Great’s son, Alexei Petrovich, Tsarevich of Russia (1690 – 1718), married Charlotte Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, the great-granddaughter of Augustus the Younger, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, a member of the Fruitbearing Society and a friend of Johann Valentin Andreae, purported author of the Rosicrucian manifestos, and of Rabbi Templo, who created the famous model of the Temple of Jerusalem, and whose design of the cherubim became the basis for the coat of arms of the Grand Lodge of Antients.

Genealogy of Prince Philip

• ALCHEMICAL WEDDING: Frederick V of the Palatinate + Elizabeth Stuart

  • Charles Louis, (1617 – 1680) + Landgravine Charlotte of Hesse-Kassel (g-d of Maurice, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel)

    • Charles II (1651 – 1685) + Princess Wilhelmine Ernestine of Denmark

    • Elizabeth Charlotte, Madame Palatine + Louis Philippe, Duke d'Orleans

      • Élisabeth Charlotte d’Orléans + Leopold, Duke of Lorraine (1679 – 1729)

        • Francis I (1708 – 1765) + Empress Maria-Theresa (supported Jacob Frank)

          • Joseph II (had affair with Eva, daughter of Jacob Frank)

      • Philippe II, Duke of Orléans (1674 – 1723, friend of Chevalier Michael Ramsay) + Françoise Marie de Bourbon, Mademoiselle de Blois (d. of Louis XIV + Madame de Montespan (1640 – 1707), close to Philippe I, and accused of Black Mass)

        • Louis, Duke of Orléans (1703–1752)

          • Louis Philippe I, Duke of Orléans (1725 – 1785)

            • Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans (1747 – 1793), aka Philippe Égalité, Grand Master of the Grand Orient of France

  • Sophia of Hannover + Ernest Augustus, Elector of Hanover (1629 – 1698)

    • Sophia Charlotte (1668–1705) + Frederick I of Prussia (1657 – 1713)

      • Frederick William I of Prussia (1720 – 1785) + Sophia Dorothea of Hanover (see below)

    • King George I of England (1660 – 1727)

      • Sophia Dorothea of Hanover + Frederick William I of Prussia (see above)

        • Frederick II the Great of Prussia (1712 – 1786)

        • Prince Augustus William of Prussia (1722 – 1758)

          • Frederick William II of Prussia (1744 – 1797, member of GOLD AND ROSY CROSS)

            • Prince Wilhelm of Prussia + Frederika Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt + Landgravine Marie Anna of Hesse-Homburg

              • Princess Elisabeth of Prussia + Prince Charles of Hesse and by Rhine

                • Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse + Princess Alice of the United Kingdom (see below)

        • Louisa Ulrika of Prussia + Louisa Ulrika of Prussia (1710 – 1771)

          • Charles XIII (1748 – 1818, Grand Master of the Swedish Order of Freemasons) + Hedvig Elisabeth Charlotte of Holstein-Gottorp (Hesse-Kassel)

          • Gustav III (1746 – 1792, patron of Swedenborg and Grand Master of Swedish Rite of Freemasonry) + Sophia Magdalena of Denmark

      • George II of England (1683 – 1760)

        • Frederick, Prince of Wales (1707 – 1751) + Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha

          • King George III (1738 – 1820) + Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz

            • Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn (1767 – 1820) + Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld

              • QUEEN VICTORIA + Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1819 – 1861, grandson of Ernst II of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (1745 – 1804), friend of Adam Weishaupt)

                • Victoria, Princess Royal + Frederick III, German Emperor

                  • KAISER WILHELM II, German Emperor (1859 – 1941)

                  • Princess Margaret of Prussia + Prince Frederick Charles of Hesse (see below)

                • Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1844 – 1900) + Maria Alexandrovna (see above)

                  • Alfred, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

                  • Princess Victoria Melita of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha + Grand Duke Vladimir Kirillovich of Russia (Sovereign Military Order of Malta)

                  • Princess Alexandra of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha + Ernst II, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (member of Nazi party)

                • King Edward VII (1841 – 1910) + Alexandra, Queen of the United Kingdom (see below)

                • Princess Alice + Ludwig IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine (see above)

                  • Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine + Prince Louis of Battenberg (see above)

                    • PRINCESS ALICE OF BATTENBERG (diagnosed with schizophrenia for claiming to communicate with Christ and Buddha and treated by Freud) + Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark (see below)

                    • Lord Louis Mountbatten + Edwina Ashley

                  • Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse (funded founding of Count Hermann Keyserling’s SCHOOL OF WISDOM)

                  • Alexandra Feodorovna (Alix of Hesse) (1872 – 1918) + Tsar Nicholas II Romanov (see below)

                  • Princess Elisabeth of Hesse and by Rhine + Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia (son of Alexander II)

                • Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom + Prince Henry of Battenberg (see above)

                  • Infante Juan, Count of Barcelona + Princess María de las Mercedes of Bourbon-Two Sicilies

                    • JUAN CARLOS I of Spain (Spanish Order of the Golden Fleece) + Queen Sofía of Spain (see below)

        • Princess Louise of Great Britain (1724 – 1751 + King Frederick V of Denmark (1723 – 1766)

          • Sophia Magdalena of Denmark + Gustav III (see above)

          • Christian VII of Denmark (1749 – 1808) + Caroline Matilda of Great Britain (d. of Frederick, Prince of Wales, by Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha)

            • Frederick VI of Denmark (1768 – 1839) + Marie of Hesse-Kassel (see below)

          • Princess Louise of Denmark (1750–1831) + PRINCE CHARLES OF HESSE-KASSEL (see below)

          • Frederick, Hereditary Prince of Denmark + Duchess Sophia Frederica of Mecklenburg-Schwerin

            • Princess Charlotte of Denmark + Prince William of Hesse-Kassel (see below)

        • Princess Mary of Great Britain (1723 – 1772) + Frederick II, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel (see above)

          • William I, Elector of Hesse (1743 – 1821) - (hired Mayer Amschel Rothschild who founded Rothschild dynasty)

          • PRINCE CHARLES OF HESSE-KASSEL (Member of Illuminati and Asiatic Brethren, friend of Comte St. Germain) + Princess Louise of Denmark (see above)

            • Marie of Hesse-Kassel + Frederick VI of Denmark (see above)

              • Princess Vilhelmine Marie of Denmark + Frederick VII of Denmark (succeeded by Christian IX)

            • Princess Louise Caroline of Hesse-Kassel + Frederick William, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg

              • CHRISTIAN IX OF DENMARK + Louise of Hesse-Kassel (see below)

          • Frederick of Hesse-Kassel (1747 – 1837) + Princess Caroline of Nassau-Usingen

            • Prince William of Hesse-Kassel (1787 – 1867) + Princess Charlotte of Denmark (see above)

              • Louise of Hesse-Kassel (1817 – 1898, friend of Marie de Riznitch, Comtesse de Keller who married Alexandre Saint-Yves d’Alveydre, founder of SYNARCHISM) + CHRISTIAN IX OF DENMARK (see above)

                • Frederick VIII of Denmark + Princess Louise of Sweden

                • Alexandra, Queen of the United Kingdom + King Edward VII (see above)

                  • Prince Albert Victor (1864 – 1892, aka “Jack the Ripper”)

                  • George V (1865 – 1936) + Mary of Teck

                    • Edward VIII (PRINCE OF WALES) + Wallis Simpson

                    • George VI + Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon

                      • Elizabeth II + PRINCE PHILIP, Duke of Edinburgh (see below)

                      • Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon

                    • Prince George, Duke of Kent + Princess Marina of Greece and Denmark (see below)

                • George I of Greece + Olga Constantinovna of Russia

                  • Constantine I of Greece + Sophia of Prussia

                    • Paul of Greece + Frederica of Hanover (see above)

                      • Queen Sofía of Spain + JUAN CARLOS I of Spain (Spanish Order of the Golden Fleece)

                  • Prince George of Greece and Denmark + Marie Bonaparte (closely linked with Freud)

                  • Prince Nicholas of Greece and Denmark + Grand Duchess Elena Vladimirovna of Russia (see above)

                    • Princess Olga of Greece and Denmark + Prince Paul of Yugoslavia

                      • PRINCESS ELIZABETH OF YUGOSLAVIA (Grand Patroness of the ORDER OF THE FLEUR DE LYS) + Howard Oxenberg

                        • Catherine Oxenberg (star of Dynasty) + ROBERT EVENS (producer of Rosemary’s Baby, involved with Roy Radin, head of satanic cult that connects PROCESS CHURCH and David Berkowitz, aka Son of Sam)

                        • Catherine Oxenberg + William Weitz Shaffer (convicted drug smuggler)

                          • India Riven Oxenberg (involved in NXIVM, an American cult that engaged in sex trafficking, forced labor and racketeering, co-founded by Seagram heiress Clare Bronfman)

                        • Christina Oxenberg + Damian Elwes (brother of Carey Elwes, best known for roles in The Princess Bride)

                    • Princess Marina of Greece and Denmark + Prince George, Duke of Kent (see above)

                      • Prince Edward, Duke of Kent (Grand Master of the United Grand Lodge of England)

                      • Prince Michael of Kent (Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Mark Master Masons)

                  • Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark + PRINCESS ALICE OF BATTENBERG (see above)

                    • Princess Margarita of Greece and Denmark + Gottfried, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (both joined the Nazi party)

                    • Princess Theodora of Greece and Denmark + Berthold, Margrave of Baden (Nazi Wehrmacht)

                    • Princess Cecilie of Greece and Denmark + Georg Donatus, Hereditary Grand Duke of Hesse (both joined the Nazi party)

                    • Princess Sophie of Greece and Denmark + Prince Christoph of Hesse (Oberführer in the Nazi SS)

                    • PRINCE PHILIP, Duke of Edinburgh + Queen Elizabeth II

                • Maria Feodorovna (Dagmar of Denmark) + Tsar Alexander III (Order of the Golden Fleece)

                  • Tsar Nicholas II (Order of the Golden Fleece) + Alexandra Feodorovna (Alix of Hesse) (see above)

              • Prince Frederick William of Hesse-Kassel + Princess Anna of Prussia

                • Prince Frederick Charles of Hesse + Princess Margaret of Prussia (see above)

                  • Philipp, Landgrave of Hesse (joined Nazi Party and SA)

                  • Prince Christoph of Hesse (Oberführer in the Nazi SS) + Princess Sophie of Greece and Denmark (see above)
                    

In her memoirs, Catherine the Great strongly implied that the real father of her son and successor Tsar Paul I (1754 – 1801) was not her husband Peter III of Riussia, but rather Sergie Saltykov, which would mean that the House of Romanov came to an end in 1762, not 1918.[7] One of many aliases, Saltykoff was the name the Count St. Germain assumed when he served as a Russian General while they were fighting the Turks.[8] St. Germain was in St Petersburg, where he participated in a conspiracy when the Russian army assisted Catherine in usurping the throne from Peter III. Their son, Paul I visited Jacob Frank in Vienna as he was developing strong connections there into the Masonic communities. Frank also deliberately fostered rumors that his daughter Eve was Catherine’s illegitimate daughter.[9]

It was during the reign of Paul’s eldest son Alexander I (1801–1825) that the secret societies exerted their greatest influence at the Russian court. Alexander had come under the influence of Madame von Kruderer (1764 – 1824), a famous psychic who was a student of the Swedish mystic Emmanuel Swedenborg, who persuaded him that it was his divine mission to defeat Napoleon and restore the House of Bourbon to the throne in France. Alexander’s brother successor was Nicholas I (1796 – 1855), whose wife was Charlotte of Prussia (1798 – 1860), the daughter of King Friedrich Wilhelm III of Prussia, member of the Spanish branch of the Golden and Rosy Cross and knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece. Nicholas I’s son and successor was Alexander II (1818 – 1881), a knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece, who in 1841 married Maria of Hesse, who shared his interest in occultism.

The Romanovs became intimately interrelated with the British Royal family, through the children of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, a family gained prominence in the nineteenth century through financial links with the Rothschilds.[10] The House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha was founded by Ernest I (1784 – 1844), a descendant of Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha. Ernest I’s grandmother, Princess Antoinette of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, also a grandchild of Augustus the Younger, and aunt of Empress Maria Theresa and Peter II of Russia. Ernest I married Louise, Duchess of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, the granddaughter of Illuminati member Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Alternberg, who gave refuge to Adam Weishaupt.[11]

Queen Victoria’s son, Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1844 – 1900), also a knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece, married Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia, the daughter of Alexander II. Another daughter of Louise and Christian IX, Maria Feodorovna (Dagmar of Denmark), married Maria Alexandrovna’s brother, Tsar Alexander III (1845 – 1894). Another daughter of Victoria, Princess Alice, married Ludwig IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine (1837 – 1892), the great-grandson of Frederick William II of Prussia, who belonged to the Golden and Rosy Cross and fell under the influence of two other members, who also belonged to the Asiatic Brethren, Johann Christoph von Wöllner and Johann Rudolf von Bischoffwerder.[12] Their daughter, Alexandra Feodorovna (Alix of Hesse) (1872 – 1918), married the son of Alexander III and Maria Feodorovna, the last Emperor of Russia, Tsar Nicholas II Romanov (1868 – 1918), a knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece.

Nazis in the Family 

Prince Philip’s mother was Princess Alice of Battenberg, a daughter of Prince Louis of Battenberg and Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine, a granddaughter of Queen Victoria and King Edward VII’s niece. Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark, was a grandson of Christian IX of Denmark and Louise of Hesse-Kassel. Prince Andrew’s mother Olga Constantinovna of Russia, granddaughter of Tsar Nicholas I, a niece of Tsar Alexander II and first cousin of Tsar Alexander III. Andrew and Alice were closely related to the ruling houses of the United Kingdom, Germany, Russia, Denmark, and Greece, and their wedding was one of the great gatherings of the descendants of Queen Victoria and Christian IX of Denmark held before World War I.[13]

However, while Prince Philip served in the British navy during World War II, all four of his sisters were married to Germans, all of whom had Nazi connections. His sister Cécile married Georg Donatus, Hereditary Grand Duke of Hesse, and both joined the Nazi party. At his sister Cecile’s funeral in Nazi Germany in 1937, a young Prince Philip was photographed flanked by grieving relatives, all wearing distinctive Nazi uniforms. One is clad in the uniform of the Brownshirts; another wears full SS regalia.

Of Philip’s brothers-in-law, Berthold, Margrave of Baden, who married Philip’s sister Theodora, was invalided out of the Wehrmacht in 1940 after an injury in France. Members of the Nazi party from 1937, Gottfried and Margarita used their family connections to promote a rapprochement of Nazism within the United Kingdom, though without success. Gottfried was a German soldier in World War II, becoming severely injured at the Russian front. He was dismissed from the army after the abortive attempt on Hitler’s life on 20 July 1944.

Prince Christoph of Hesse (1901 – 1943), who married Prince Philip’s sister Sophie, who was his cousin, fought on the German side and was a member of the Nazi Party and the Waffen-SS. Christoph was the fifth son of Prince Frederick Charles of Hesse and Princess Margaret of Prussia, the sister of Kaiser Wilhelm II. Christoph’s mother was the daughter of Emperor Frederick III and of Victoria, Princess Royal. Christoph was a director in the Third Reich’s Ministry of Air Forces, Commander of the Air Reserves, and held the rank of Oberführer in the SS. His brother Philipp, Prince and Landgrave of Hesse (1896 – 1980), joined Hitler’s SA. After she married Christoph, Sophie met Hitler at Goering’s wedding in 1935 and they later invited him to their home. In a previously unpublished memoir, written in her old age, Sophie recounted, “I have to say here, that, although Chri [Christoph] and I changed our political view fundamentally some years later, we were impressed by this charming and seemingly modest man, and by his plans to change and improve the situation in Germany.”[14]

School of Wisdom

Through her uncle Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse (1868 – 1937), Princess Alice of Battenberg, became a student of the works of Count Hermann Keyserling (1880 – 1946). Ernest Louis was the elder son of Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine and Princess Alice of the United Kingdom, daughter of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. One of his younger sisters, Alexandra, would marry Tsar Nicholas II, the last Emperor of Russia, while another sister, Victoria Mountbatten, would be the mother of Queen Louise of Sweden and of Princess Alice of Battenberg.

Keyserling, who came from an aristocratic Russian Baltic family, was an important figure in the intellectual life of Weimar Germany. He married Countess Maria Goedela Bismarck, granddaughter of Otto Bismark. In 1920, through a donation from Ernest, Keyserling founded his School of Wisdom in Darmstadt, Germany, in order to synthesize the knowledge of East and West.

According to Noll, Keyserling “was unabashedly a völkisch German in his metaphysical outlook.”[15] One of Keyserling’s central claims was that certain “gifted individuals” were “born to rule” on the basis of Social Darwinism. Keyserling was the first to use the term Führerprinzip (“leader principle”), which prescribed the fundamental basis of political authority in the governmental structures of the Third Reich. Führerprinzip can be most succinctly understood to mean that “the Führer’s word is above all written law” and that governmental policies, decisions, and offices ought to work toward the realization of this end.[16]

After his break with Freud, Carl Jung became more active in Germany attending conferences at the School of Wisdom. At Keyserling’s School of Wisdom, Jung also met Jakob Wilhelm Hauer (1881 – 1962), a German Indologist and religious studies writer. In 1932, Hauer founded the German Faith Movement, a religious society aimed at replacing Christianity in German-speaking countries with an anti-Christian and anti-Semitic modern paganism based on German literature and Hindu scripture.

Hauer had initially hoped that his cult might be adopted as the state religion of the Third Reich. The movement had around 200,000 followers at its height. In his 1936 essay “Wotan,” Jung speaks of Ergriffenheit, explained in the English version as “a state of being seized or possessed,”[17] and characterizes Germany as “infected… rolling towards perdition.”[18] However, Jung saw Hauer’s German Faith Movement as “decent and well-meaning people who honestly admit their Ergriffenheit and try to come to terms with this new and undeniable fact.” He commends Hauer’s book Deutsche Gottschau as an attempt “to build a bridge between the dark forces of life and the shining world of historical ideas.”[19]

Bride of Christ

Alice became interested in occultism through her favorite book, Les Grands Initiés (“The Great Initiates”), by Eduard Schuré, a member of Max Theon’s Cosmic Movement. A friend of Richard Wagner and Rudolf Steiner, Schuré was listed ariosophist by Lanz von Liebenfels’ among the “ario-christian” tradition of mystics that included Eliphas Lévi, Josephin Péladan, Papus, H.P. Blavatsky, Franz Hartmann, Annie Besant, Charles Leadbeater. Alice became deeply religious, converting to the Greek Orthodox Church in 1928. She believed herself to be married to Christ, with whom she was “physically” involved, and through whom she met spiritual leaders such as the Buddha. She believed it was her duty to serve as the link between these various gods and the people of earth.[20]

It was Freud’s colleague Ernst Simmel who had diagnosed Princess Alice of Battenberg—the mother Elizabeth II’s husband Prince Philip, and a student of Keyserling’s School of Wisdom—with schizophrenia in 1930, after she had reported communicating with Christ and Buddha.[21] Alice was then forcibly removed from her family and placed in Ludwig Binswanger’s sanatorium in Kreuzlingen, Switzerland. Binswanger also worked closely with Freud, as well as such as Carl Jung and Eugen Bleuler. Binswanger was further influenced by existential philosophy, through the works of Heidegger, Husserl, and Martin Buber. Both he and Simmel consulted Freud, who believed that her delusions were the result of sexual frustration. Freud recommended “X-raying her ovaries in order to kill off her libido.”[22]

The recommendation to commit Alice had come from her sister-in-law, Princess Marie Bonaparte (1882 – 1962), a great-grandniece of Emperor Napoleon I of France, a distinguished member of the Société Psychanalytique de Paris, who was also a close friend of Freud. Marie was married to the brother of brother of Alice’s husband, Prince George of Greece and Denmark (1869 – 1957). In 1891, George accompanied his cousin the future Nicholas II on his voyage to Asia, and saved him from an assassination attempt in Japan, in what became known as the Otsu Incident.

George, however, was in love with his uncle, Prince Valdemar of Denmark, George I of Greece’s brother. Marie had many affairs, including with Freud’s disciple Rudolph Loewenstein as well as Aristide Briand, her husband’s aide-de-camp Lembessiss. However, Marie suffered from what was referred to as “frigidity.” Romanian modernist sculptor Constantin Brâncuș created a scandal in 1919 when he represented Marie as a large phallus which he titled “Princess X,” symbolizing her obsession with the penis and her lifelong quest to achieve vaginal orgasm, with the help of Freud. Marie published her research results under the pseudonym A.E. Narjani, presenting her theory of frigidity, having measured the distance between the vagina and the clitoral glans in 200 women. Marie had three unsuccessful surgeries performed on her clitoris to try and cure her frigidity.

In 1925, Marie consulted Freud for treatment. Based on her interpretation of the Oedipus complex, Marie wondered if incest might be the answer to her problems. She asked Freud is she should have sex with her son to achieve orgasm, but Freud apparently advised against.[23] It was to Marie that Freud famously remarked, “The great question that has never been answered and which I have not yet been able to answer, despite my thirty years of research into the feminine soul, is ‘What does a woman want?’”[24]

Marie’s wealth contributed to the popularity of psychoanalysis, and enabled Freud’s escape from Nazi Germany. In London in 1938, Ernest Jones, the then president of the International Psychoanalytical Association (IPA), used his personal acquaintance with the Home Secretary, Sir Samuel Hoare, to expedite the granting of permits for Freud and his family and persuaded the president of the Royal Society, Sir William Bragg, to write to Lord Halifax, requesting that diplomatic pressure be applied in Berlin and Vienna on Freud’s behalf. Freud, his wife Martha, and daughter Anna left Vienna on the Orient Express on June 4, arriving in Paris the following day, where they stayed as guests of Marie, before travelling overnight to London. Among those who visited Freud in London were Salvador Dalí, Stefan Zweig, Leonard Woolf, Virginia Woolf, and H.G. Wells. Representatives of the Royal Society called for Freud, who had been elected a Foreign Member in 1936, to sign himself into membership.[25]

During World War II, Princess Alice hid Jewish widow Rachel Cohen and two of her five children, who sought to evade the Gestapo and deportation to the death camps. In January 1949, Alice founded a nursing order of Greek Orthodox nuns, the Christian Sisterhood of Martha and Mary, modelled after the convent that her aunt, Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna, a Russian Orthodox saint, had founded in Russia in 1909. Her son Prince Philip and his wife Queen Elizabeth II invited Alice to reside permanently at Buckingham Palace, where she died there 1969. Initially her remains were placed in the Royal Crypt in St George’s Chapel at Windsor Castle, but before she died she had expressed her wish to be buried at the Convent of Saint Mary Magdalene in Gethsemane on the Mount of Olives in Jerusalem, near her aunt Elizabeth Feodorovna. In 2010, Alice was posthumously named a Hero of the Holocaust by the British Government. In August 1979, Alice’s brother, Lord Mountbatten, was assassinated by a bomb planted aboard his fishing boat in Mullaghmore, County Sligo, Ireland, by members of IRA.

Psycho-Analysis

In 1945, Marie Bonaparte co-founded the journal The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child with Anna Freud and Ernst Kris, of the New School for Social Research. In 1927, Kris married Marianne Rie, the daughter of a friend of Freud, Oscar Rie. Freud called Marianne his “adopted daughter,” and together the Freuds and the Krises fled the Nazis and went to London in 1938. Marianne and Ernst subsequently continued to New York, where she developed a private practice specializing in the clinical aspects of Freudian child psychoanalysis.

With the help of Ernst Kris, Walter C. Langer, and Dr. Bertram D. Lewin of the New York Psychoanalytic Institute, American psychologist Dr. Henry A. Murray created a report commissioned in 1943 by William “Wild Bill” Donovan, head of the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), the predecessor of the CIA, titled “Analysis of the Personality of Adolph Hitler.” Murray was a recruit to Jung’s sex-cult. Murray married in 1916 at age 23, but after seven years of marriage, in 1923, then biochemist at Rockefeller University in New York, he met and fell in love with Christiana Morgan. In a new Hebrew-language biography of Chaim Weizmann, Motti Golani and Jehuda Reinharz cite documents showing that in 1921 Christiana Morgan had a liaison with Weizmann.[26] As Murray did not want to leave his wife, he experienced a serious conflict, after which Morgan advised him to visit Jung in 1927, and upon whose advice they became lovers “to unlock their unconscious and their creativity.”[27] Murray later became a colleague of Timothy Leary at Harvard University, where from 1959 to 1962, he conducted a series of psychologically damaging experiments on undergraduate students, one of whom was Ted Kaczynski, later known as the Unabomber.

Actress and “sex symbol” Marilyn Monroe would undergo psychoanalysis regularly from 1955 until her death, with psychiatrists Margaret Hohenberg, Anna Freud, Ernt Kris’ wife Marianne Kris, and Ralph Greenson. Greenson was recommended to Marilyn by his good friend Marianne Kris. When Marilyn wanted a new psychoanalyst to replace Hohenberg, she telephoned Anna Freud who recommended Marianne Kris.

Marilyn’s psychiatrist at the time of her death was Ralph R. Greenson (1911 – 1979), who studied medicine in Switzerland and was analyzed by Wilhelm Stekel, a controversial student of Freud, as well Otto Fenichel and Frances Deri (1880 – 1971) in Los Angeles. Ernst Simmel was among the many psychoanalysts who worked at the Berlin Psychoanalytic Institute founded in 1920, before later becoming the Göring Institute, who developed a philosophical combination of Marxist dialectical materialism and Freudian psychoanalysis. These included Franz Alexander, Otto Fenichel, controversial Wilhelm Reich, as well as Erich Fromm of the Frankfurt School.

Before emigrating from Austria in 1936, Deri, who was born in Austria, worked as a midwife in Germany and then trained as an analyst in the team of Freudian Marxists that included Fenichel, Erich Fromm, Wilhelm Reich, Ernst Simmel and others. Having trained and become politicized together in Berlin and Vienna, these psychoanalysts were dispersed internationally by the rise of the Nazis, most settling in the United States and England where they all became influential teachers. Deri published articles on insomnia and sublimation, as well as contributing to the analysis of coprophilia, and to the fantasy of being part of the partner’s body in sexual submission.[28] Emigrating to the United States to escape Hitler in 1934, Simmel settled in Los Angeles, where, with Fenichel, he was a founding member of the Los Angeles Psychoanalytic Society and Institute (LAPSI). One of Simmel’s notable contributions was made in the 1946 anthology on Anti-Semitism, based on the contributions to a 1944 symposium held in San Francisco by Adorno, Fenichel, and Max Horkheimer, also a member of the Frankfurt School, among others.

Deri, who had a passion for cinema, became associated with the LAPSI, and specialized in analyzing actors and provided guidance to Greenson.[29] Greenson also had other famous clients, including Tony Curtis, Frank Sinatra, and Vivien Leigh. Greenson and his wife, Hildi Greenson, were good friends with Anna Freud, Fawn Brodie and Margaret Mead. Greenson cultivated a reputation as a popular lecturer, with titles including “Emotional Involvement,” “Why Men Like War,” “Sex Without Passion,” “Sophie Portnoy Finally Answers Back,” “The Devil Made Me Do It, Dr. Freud,” and “People in Search of a Family.” In “Special Problems In Psychotherapy With The Rich and Famous,” Greenson described his experiences with Marilyn, a part of his professional and personal life that became an obsession.[30]

Marilyn began visiting Greenson seven days a week at his home, and eventually twice a day. Greenson eventually arranged for a live-in nanny named Eunice Murray, who had been educated at a Swedenborgian school, and had been married to the son one of a Swedenborgian minister, John Murray.[31] As everyone in Marilyn’s entourage became convinced that Greenson and Murray were the source of her troubles. Veteran makeup artist Allan Snyder described Eunice as “a very strange lady. She was put into Marilyn’s life by Greenson, and she was always whispering—whispering and listening. She was this constant presence, reporting everything back to Greenson, and Marilyn quickly realized this.”[32] Murray was also responsible for regularly administered dangerous doses of barbiturates, which she called “vitamin shots.”[33] Greenson told Marilyn’s agent, Charles Feldman, that he would “be able to get his patient to go along with any reasonable request and although he did not want us to deem his relationship as a Svengali one, he in fact could persuade her to anything reasonable that he wanted.”[34]

At Marianne Kris’ suggestion, Monroe first admitted herself to the Payne Whitney Psychiatric Clinic in New York, a year before she apparently committed suicide in August 1962. She was placed on a ward meant for severely mentally ill people with psychosis, where she was locked in a padded cell. Monroe was finally able to leave the hospital with the help of her ex-husband Joe DiMaggio, and moved to the Columbia University Medical Center, spending a further twenty days there. Marianne later confessed that her choice of hospital was a mistake.[35] Nevertheless, Marianne was one of the main beneficiaries in Marilyn’s will. When Marianne died, she bequeathed this legacy to a child therapy center at the London Tavistock Center Clinic, originally founded by Anna Freud. This money has been used to fund the Monroe Young Family Centre.[36]

Profumo Affair

Monroe also famously carried on affairs with John F. Kennedy and his brother Robert, at a time when their dalliances were connected to the Profumo Affair of 1963, which implicated Prince Philip’s friend, Dr. Stephen Ward. The affair was a major scandal in Britain, when it was exposed that John Profumo, the Secretary of State for War in Harold Macmillan’s Conservative government, who was touted to become Prime Minister, had an extramarital affair with nineteen-year-old model Christine Keeler beginning in 1961. Public interest was heightened by reports that Keeler was at the same time involved with Captain Yevgeny Ivanov, a Soviet naval attaché, thereby creating a possible national security risk. “And the Royal Family,” explained Knightley & Kennedy in An Affair of State, “had been dragged into the scandal, both by Profumo’s acquaintance with members of the Royal household and by their relationship with Ward.”[37]

One of the central figures in the affair was Keeler’s “pimp,” Dr. Stephen Ward. After the World War II, Ward worked for the Osteopathic Association Clinic in Dorset Square, London, where he treated well-known public figures, the first of whom was the American ambassador and Skull and Bones member, W. Averell Harriman. Soon after, other famous people such as Winston Churchill, Duncan Sandys, Feliks Topolski, Ava Gardner, Mary Martin and Mel Ferrer became his patients. Other friends included Colin Coote, the editor of the Daily Telegraph, Roger Hollis, the head of MI5, Anthony Blunt, nephew of Wilfrid Scawen Blunt and Surveyor of the Queen’s Pictures, Geoffrey Nicholson, the Conservative MP, Peter Rachman, the famous slum landlord and the actor, Douglas Fairbanks Jr.

Ward befriended the cartoonist and socialite Arthur Ferrier, whose parties Ward attended regularly and where he mixed with, among others, Prince Philip.[38] Ward also befriended William Astor, 3rd Viscount Astor (1907 – 1966), the son of Nancy Astor, whose country house, Cliveden, became the center of the Cliveden Set, another name for the Rhodes Round Table, involved in the policy of appeasement of Nazi Germany. In 1956, Astor gave Ward—who introduced Astor to nightclubs, parties, and girls—the use of a riverside cottage in the grounds of his Astor family estate at Cliveden.[39]

It was rumored that Ward was involved in occultism, and some have tried to link him to the Golden Dawn or to one of its offshoots in Great Britain.[40] He was known to have been interested in occultism and “black magic.”[41] Exploiting his friendship with several young woman, he became involved in hosting sex parties that were attended by the rich and famous, that seem to have been ritualistic in nature. As Keeler later recalled in her autobiography, The Truth at Last, Ward sought to control his guests by offering to satisfy their perversions at wild sex parties, where two-way mirrors were common. As she explained:

Stephen could always sense people’s sexual tastes—and egg them on, make them go further than they might have otherwise… Stephen new all the Masonic handshakes and he said that at some the of parties the girls would wear leather Masonic aprons. “They would be flicked up and down like a sporran,” he laughed.”

Some of the women Stephen was involved with were heavily into sadistic sex and there were “black magic” parties, which were really just an excuse for group sex sessions. There would be phallic totem poles around which all these women would brown and scrape.[42]

According to Keeler, at the party that became known as the “Feast of Peacocks,” there was “a lavish dinner in which this man wearing only... a black mask with slits for eyes and laces up the back… and a tiny apron—one like the waitresses wore in 1950s tearooms—asked to be whipped if people were not happy with his services.” There has been much speculation as to his identity. According to Dorothy Kilgallen, a gossip writer for the Washington Post, under the headline, “Profumo Case Rocking Palace Set,” reported:

The authorities searching the apartment of one of the principals in the case came upon a photograph showing a key figure disporting with a bevy of ladies. All were nude except for the gentleman in the picture who was wearing an apron. And this is a man who has been on extremely friendly terms with the very proper Queen and members of her immediate family![43]

It was at Cliveden, in the summer of 1961, where Ward introduced John Profumo. As Keeler recalled, Roger Hollis and Anthony Blunt were regular visitors to their shared apartment. Blunt was recruited into Soviet intelligence by his friend Guy Burgess, a fellow member of the Cambridge Apostles. In 1940, Blunt was transferred from the Army to MI5 and began working as a spy. Blunt also became friends with another member of the Apostles, Victor Rothschild, who served as an intelligence officer during World War II, and later as a senior executive with Royal Dutch Shell and N M Rothschild & Sons. Rothschild also served as an advisor to the Edward Heath, British Prime Minister from 1970 to 1974, who was eventually accused of Satanic Ritual Abuse (SRA).[44]

Profumo and other cabinet ministers were also attending sex parties being held by Mariella Novotny, whose was part of Ward’s bevy of females, including Mandy Rice-Davies and Suzy Chang. Novotny ran sex parties in London, attended by British politicians such as John Profumo and Ernest Marples, who was Minister of Transport, foreign leaders such as Willy Brandt and Ayub Khan.[45] In 1960, Novotny travelled to the United States with Chang, and became involved in relationships with leading politicians, including both John F. Kennedy and Robert Kennedy. In early 1961, Novotny had been in New York and, she said later, was procured for the President-elect by his brother-in-law, “Rat Pack” member Peter Lawford.[46]

It was Lawford who introduced an evidently drugged Marilyn Monroe when she famously, “Happy Birthday, Mr. President” on stage at John F. Kennedy’s early birthday celebration at Madison Square Garden in New York on May 19, 1962, a few months before her death.[47] Lawford, who had also dated Monroe, had introduced her to President Kennedy. As summarized by Joe Williams in Hollywood Myths, Monroe became romantically involved with both Kennedy and fellow “rat pack” member, Frank Sinatra. Sinatra’s friend, Chicago mob boss Sam Giancana, used his connections to help Kennedy win the state of Illinois, and thus the presidency. There is evidence that Sinatra and Lawford continued to pass messages after the election between the Kennedy brothers and the mob. Hoover began eavesdropping on the various parties, including Monroe. Phone records in June and July of 1962 show that Monroe made repeated calls to the White House and to Robert Kennedy’s office.[48]

Kennedy “had devoured every word written about the Profumo case,” noted his friend and reporter Ben Bradlee. “He ordered all further cables on that subject sent to him immediately.”[49] J. Edgar Hoover suspected, as did others in American intelligence, that Kennedy may also have been one of Keeler’s clients. As the Kennedy brothers struggled with the mounting civil rights crisis, Hoover opened a new file code-named “Bowtie.”[50] The Bowtie files discuss Ward’s American connections such as Averell Harriman and the billionaire Paul Getty. There was mention of the infamous “Man in the Mask” orgy hosted by Novotny in an apartment in Hyde Park Square in December 1961.

Process Church

President John F. Kennedy appointed David Bruce as ambassador to the United Kingdom. By 1962, Bruce was becoming concerned about allegations swirling about Profumo Affair, and dispatched Thomas Corbally, and William Mellon Hitchcock, his nephew by marriage, to a meeting with Dr. Stephen Ward.[51] Bruce knew of Corbally’s friendship with Ward from Hitchock, whose Center Hitchcock had become involved with another of Ward’s girls, Keeler’s friend Mandy Rice-Davies, in Paris three months earlier.[52] Reportedly, Corbally left this meeting convinced that the allegations surrounding Profumo were true, and informed Bruce, who in turn informed British PM Macmillan.  When Bruce did not report back to the US State Department, FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover became suspicious that Bruce himself was involved in some kind of international vice ring. Hoover suspected—as did others in the American intelligence community—that one of Keeler’s clients might have been Kennedy himself.[53]

After leaving Harvard in 1962, Leary then moved his operations to the Hitchcock Estate in Millbrook, which belonged to the Mellon family, who were key participants in the American Liberty League and the Black Eagle Trust.[54] William Mellon Hitchcock funded Leary and Richard Alpert’s IFIF and later financed an LSD manufacturing operation.[55] William’s sister Peggy was director of the IFIF, later renamed the Castilia Foundation.[56] In early 1963, when IFIF filed incorporation papers, Leary was designated president, Alpert, director, with Gunther Weil, Ralph Metzner, George Litwin, Walter Houston Clark, Huston Smith, and Alan Watts listed as members of the Board of Directors. In addition to his dealings with Resorts International, according to in Marin Lee and Bruce Shlain in Acid Dreams, Hitchcock maintained a private account at Castle Bank and Trust the Bahamas, founded in 1962 by Black Eagle Trust Fund conspirator Paul Helliwell, paymaster for the CIA’s failed Bay of Pigs invasion and boss of E. Howard Hunt.

Seymour (“The Head”) Lazare, a wealthy business associate of William Mellon Hitchcock, was among those who are said to have visited a mysterious guru named John Starr Cooke in Mexico along with Ralph Metzner, Leonard Cohen and Andrija Puharich.[57] Cooke, who was in contact with Sherman Kent, Allen Dulles’s right-hand man during the Cold War.[58] Cooke achieved renown as a psychic and for his possession of a tarot deck with the handwritten annotations of its previous owner, Aleister Crowley.

From his headquarters in Cuernavaca, Mexico, Cook dispatched a number of his rangers to various locations of psychedelic activity in North America and Europe. These included Michael Bowen, an icon of the Beat Generation and the 1960s counterculture, who went to Millbrook to lure Leary’s entourage back to Mexico where Cooke was leading séances while high on acid. Under Cooke’s instructions, Bowen settled in Haight-Ashbury in 1966, to carry out a plan of bringing about a “Gathering of the Tribes,” known as the first Human Be-In, a gathering of 30,000 hippies in Golden Gate Park in San Francisco, brought national media attention to the counterculture movement, serving as a prelude to the Summer of Love a year later.[59] The event was announced by the San Francisco Oracle, an underground newspaper founded by Bowen and Allen Cohen, in the Haight-Ashbury neighborhood, which gave much space to writings by Gary Snyder, Allen Ginsberg, Lawrence Ferlinghetti, Michael McClure, and other Beat writers, along with emerging younger writers.

The offices of the Oracle were also visited by the founders of the Process Church, who according to Maury Terry, author of the Ultimate Evil, represented the satanic network that linked the Son of Sam murders and the Manson Family. The Process Church was founded by the English couple Mary Anne MacLean, the ex-wife of former boxing champion Sugar Ray Robinson, and Robert DeGrimston.[60] Having ended her affair with Sugar Ray, MacLean went back to England and from 1959 operated in her apartment as a high-class prostitute, on the fringes of what became known as the Profumo Affair. One of MacLean’s boyfriends was Dr. Stephen Ward, pimped Christine Keeler to John Profumo at Cliveden.[61]

Also connected to the Process Church was Charles Manson. Ed Sanders in The Family, published in 1971, asserted that Manson was also a member of the Solar Lodge of the OTO, which specialized “in blood-drinking, sado-sodo sex magic and hatred of blacks.”[62] Conforming to the expectations of the Process theology, Manson apparently intended to create a race war which would help usher in the Final Judgement. The Manson murders of Stephen Parent, Sharon Tate, Jay Sebring, Voytek Frykowski and Abigail Folger, shortly after midnight on August 9, 1969. Sanders notes that Manson met Abigail Folder at the home of Mamma Case Elliot. According to Terry, Folger lent money to Manson on occasion, but when she stopped, Manson turned against her.[63] Folger had also funded the establishment of the Himalayan Academy, which connected Timothy Leary, Kenneth Anger and Charles Manson. It was there that Manson first encountered the Process.[64]

John Phillips of the Mamas and the Papas was one of the investors in Sebring International founded by Jay Sebring, hair-dresser to the stars, on whom the 1975 movie Shampoo starring Warren Beatty was based. Sammy Davis Jr., who became attracted to LaVey’s Church of Satan, was introduced to Satanism when he ran into Sebring on his way to a ritual.[65]

Manson and his “family” had been living in Beach Boy Dennis Wilson’s house at 14400 Sunset Boulevard after Wilson had picked them up hitchhiking. Afterward, Manson attempted to secure a record contract through Melcher, who was introduced to him by Wilson, but was unsuccessful. Terry Melcher, the son of Doris Day, was living at 10050 Cielo Drive, the home he shared with his girlfriend, actress Candice Bergen, and with musician Mark Lindsay, the lead singer of Paul Revere & the Raiders. A few years earlier, when she was eighteen, Bergen had been on a date with Donald Trump.[66]

When Manson was arrested, it was widely reported that he had sent his followers to the house to kill Melcher and Bergen. Melcher and Bergen had moved out of the Cielo Drive home, and then the house’s owner, Rudi Altobelli, leased it to film director Roman Polanski and his wife, actress Sharon Tate. Susan Atkins, who stabbed Sharon Tate to death, was for a time a dancer in LaVey’s Topless Witches Revue.[67] According to Sammy Davis Jr., had he been in L.A at the time, he likely would have been at the same residence as the Manson murders. “Everyone there,” he explained, “had at one time or another been into Satanism, or, like myself, had dabbled around the edges for sexual kicks.”[68]

Polanski had had an affair with Michelle Phillips of the Mamas and the Papas in London while he was married to Tate, who was eight-an-a-half months pregnant at the time she was killed. Tate had been initiated into witchcraft by Alex Sanders, the High Priest of Gerald Gardner’s Wicca, during the filming of 13, also known as Eye of the Devil.[69] Polanski also filmed sadomasochistic orgies at their house and showed the movies at parties.[70]

Polanski had just directed Rosemary’s Baby in 1968, based on the best-selling book by the same name by Ira Levin, major elements of which were inspired by the notion of Crowley’s Moonchild, as well as the publicity surrounding LaVey’ Church of Satan.[71] In the movie, the role played by Mia Farrow is drugged by a Satanic coven to be impregnated by Satan, to be born in 1966, the same year LaVey started his Church of Satan, and celebrated in the movie as “the Year One.” LaVey attended the San Francisco premiere of the movie to serve as publicity.[72] Polanski was convicted of having unlawful sex with a minor in 1977.

Maury Terry, author of The Ultimate Evil, gathered compelling evidence that the cult behind these crimes was the satanic group known as the Process Church of the Final Judgment which he also implicated in the Charles Manson murders. Terry portrayed The Process as being the major player behind a vast Satanic underground network that dealt in pornography, drugs, and ritual murder. The Process Church was developed by its British founders as a splinter client cult group from Scientology.[73]

According to Son of Sam, a.k.a. David Berkowitz, the Process provided children for sex at parties held by wealthy people in Westchester, Manhattan, Connecticut, and Long Island. Berkowitz informed Terry that one of these parties were held at the residence of Roy Cohn, Donald Trump’s mentor, in Connecticut. Additionally, two further witnesses maintained that occasionally present at these parties were a Yonkers judge, at least two Westchester County politicians, a high-ranking New York state politician, a celebrated but later-murdered physician, a Nobel Prize-winning doctor, and two aides to then-mayor of New York City Abraham Beame.[74]

Terry was able to connect RR, who lived in a mansion on Long Island, and served as the leader of the satanic cult Berkowitz belonged to, with Roy Radin, who became notorious for drug-fueled sex orgies he threw at Ocean Castle, his massive mansion in the Hamptons. One of Radin’s major contacts in Hollywood at the time was film producer Robert Evans, who was introduced to Radin by one-time drug dealer Karen Greenberger (aka Lanie Jacobs).[75] A close friend of Henry Kissinger, Evans was a film producer and former studio executive, best known for his work on Rosemary’s Baby, Love Story, The Godfather and Chinatown, before he was later convicted of trafficking cocaine. Rosemary’s Baby was directed by Roman Polanski.

1001 Club

In 1971 by Prince Philip, Anton Rupert, and ex-SS officer and Bilderberg Group founder Prince Bernhard, founded the 1001 Club to cover the administrative and fundraising aspects of the World Wildlife Federation (WWF), established in 1948 by Bernhard and Julian Huxley. The club includes Juan Carlos of Spain, who married Queen Sofía of Spain, the daughter of Prince Philip’s cousin, Paul of Greece. Juan Carlos’ grandmother is Victoria Eugenie Julia Ena von Battenberg, whose mother was another of Queen Victoria’s daughters, Beatrice, who married Henry Maurice of Battenberg, the brother of Louis, and knight of the Garter. Juan Carlos is descended on his mother’s side from Antoine d’Orleans, the grandson of Philip “Egalite” d’Orleans. According to genealogical research of Jamie Allen, Juan Carlos is the great-grandson of Alphonzo XII King of Spain (1857 – 1885), whose suspected real father was Enrique Puigmoltó y Mayans (1827 – 1900), may possibly have been a descendant of Sabbetai Zevi.[76]

The relationship between Opus Dei and the SMOM was established in the summer of 1976 when Knight of Malta King Juan Carlos of Spain selected Opus Dei member Adolfo Suarez to be the chief of the Spanish government after the fascist dictator Francisco Franco died.[77] Like his grandfather, and great-grandfather before him, Juan Carlos was a member of the Order of the Garter. A worldwide Order of the Golden Fleece continues to exist, now structured with two major divisions, the Spanish and the Austrian, in 1953, Austria recognized the Order as a Hapsburg institution, while Juan Carlos was the recognized head of the Spanish Order.[78] Juan Carlos also restored the Order of Santiago as a civil association. As the Order of Santiago was part of the Spanish Crown it was suppressed in 1873 when Spain declared itself a republic for the first time. After the fall of this republic, the order was re-established though as a nobiliary institute. The order was once more suppressed following the proclamation of the second republic in 1931, which was followed by the Spanish Civil War and the Franco dictatorship.

As Grand Master of the Spanish branch of the Oder of the Golden Fleece, Juan Carlos has introduced a number of controversial innovations. Against its tradition as a Catholic Order, he made non-Catholics members: Constantin of Greece, a Schismatic; five Protestants, including Elizabeth of England, Carl Gustaf of Sweden, Beatrix of the Netherlands, Margaret of Denmark, and Harald of Norway; two Buddhists, Akihito of Japan and Bhumidol of Thailand. In 2007, he made a King Abdullah of Saudi Arabia a member.[79]

The list sordid characters associated with the 1001 Club have included Mobutu Sese Seko, Nelson Bunker Hunt, J. Peter Grace, Paul Mellon, John M. Olin, Clint Richardson’s son John D. Murchison, Peter Munk, Permindex-founder Louis Mortimer Bloomfield, and Prince Sadruddin Aga Khan.[80] Also a member was Francesca von Habsburg, also known as Francesca Thyssen-Bornemisza, former wife of Otto von Habsburg’s son, Karl von Habsburg, current Grand Master of the Order of the Golden Fleece. Francesca is the daughter of Baron Hans Heinrich von Thyssen-Bornemisza, of the powerful Thyssen family, and his third wife, fashion model Fiona Frances Elaine Campbell-Walter, descendant of the Campbell baronets. Baron Hans Heinrich was the son of a German father and a Hungarian and English American mother related to Daniel M. Frost and John Kerry.[81] Baron Hans Heinrich’s second marriage was Anglo-Indian fashion model Nina Sheila Dyer, who later married and divorced Prince Sadruddin Aga Khan and committed suicide in 1965. Sadruddin was the founder of the Aga Khan Rural Support Program (AKRSP), which is affiliated with the 1001 Club.[82] Sadruddin’s brother, Prince Aly Khan, was a friend of James Madole, founder of the National Renaissance Party, and belonged together to some unspecified occult fraternity based on the Theosophy of Blavatsky.[83]

Also a member of the 1001 Club was Agha Hasan Abedi, founder of the infamous Bank of Credit and Commerce International (BCCI), the primary conduit for CIA funds to the Mujahideen fighting in Afghanistan. BCCI, the first Third World multinational bank, which was created in 1972 by Pakistani banker Agha Hasan Abedi. Newsweek later reported, however, that CIA officials appeared to have been involved in the bank’s founding and that Abedi had been encouraged by the CIA to found the bank after “the agency realized that an international bank could provide valuable cover for intelligence operations.”[84] 25% of BCCI’s startup capital was from Bank of America and the remaining 75% from Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, the ruler of Abu Dhabi in the United Arab Emirates.

Also serving as a consultant for BCCI was Le Cercle chairman Julian Amery, leading member of the Conservative Monday Club. Julian’s father was Leo Amery who drafted the Balfour Declaration at the request of Round Tabler Alfred Milner. Leo also encouraged Ze’ev Jabotinsky to form the Jewish Legion for the British Army in Palestine. Julian’s brother, John, was hanged for high treason for supporting Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy during the World War II. Julian was also a good friend of David Stirling, founder of the SAS, with whom he helped orchestrate British involvement in the North Yemen Civil War with Saudi funding.[85]

Children of God

Juan Carlos was also reported as a backer of the Children of God (COG) cult, to which belonged many child stars, including River Phoenix, Rose McGowan—one of the most vocal advocates of the #MeToo movement against sexual harassment and sexual assault that followed sexual-abuse allegations against Weinstein. The COG was founded in California in 1968 by David Berg and his wife, as a Christian ministry for teens, but expanded to have a presence in cities all over the world. It was originally named Teens for Christ and it later gained notoriety as The Children of God (COG), and is currently named The Family International. In 1976, the cult began a method of evangelism called Flirty Fishing that used sex to “show God’s love and mercy” and win converts, resulting in controversy.[86]

Edward Probe, a Canadian journalist who worked in the Philippines from 1986 to 1988, told the Post that “Family officials openly sympathized with right-wing military officers who tried to overthrow the government: What we were doing was supplying all the moral support.”[87] Pinochet and Juan Carlos of Spain became financial and political benefactors of the cult.[88] In 1977, the cult found a new messiah in Colonel Muammar al Gaddafi, who offered them sanctuary from police investigations in California and New York.[89] Gaddafi wrote a song dedicate to the cult, addressed to “all industrial countries,” performed at Children of God songfests around the world.[90]

The guiding inner-circle of the COG is known as the Royal Family, and aristocrats have in fact been sought out by Berg. Chief Inspector Juan Carlos Rebello, who led police in raids of the COG, said “we found evidence suggesting that the Family was funded by influential businessmen worldwide.”[91] Julia Berry, the prophet’s own kin, boasted that it was her “privilege” to have been paired with “very important men—men from the government.” The COG, she said, “always had very powerful friends… I met presidents from around the world. The children’s chorus gave us an image of purity and innocence. It was a seduction.”[92]

According to The Guardian, the FBI and Interpol investigated the group regarding claims of kidnapping, incest, and sexual abuse.[93] The group has been investigated by authorities in Argentina, France, Spain, Australia, Venezuela and Peru on charges of forced menial labor, child abuse and using prostitution to attract recruits, but no members have been convicted. And a raid on the Children of God compound in Argentina in 1993 turned up videos of ritual abuse and child pornography.[94] All over Latin America, the daily Clarin reported on September 12, 1993, “Satanic and esoteric rites have been the subject of complaints concerning the sect.”[95]

Disclosure Project

Also a member of the 1001 Club is Prince Hans-Adam II of Liechtenstein, Knight of the Golden Fleece, the reigning prince of Liechtenstein and the richest monarch in Europe. His second cousin was Prince Vincenz of Liechtenstein, nephew of Otto von Habsburg, who together with Otto’s son and successor, Karl von Habsburg were significantly involved in 2008 in the reorganization of the Ancient Order of St. George, a dynastic order of chivalry of the House of Habsburg. The origins of today’s Order of St. George, a European order of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine, date back to 1308. Emperor Henry VII donated the Order of the Old Nobility (or later Order of the Four Roman Emperors), which can be regarded as the predecessor of today’s order. A hundred years later, Henry VII’s descendant Sigismund of Luxembourg, then King of Hungary, established the Order of the Dragon.

Hans-Adam II has a longstanding interest in the paranormal and was a close friend of Senator Pell, member of the Club of Rome and founder of the Human Potential Foundation. Together, they visited parapsychological laboratories and UFO conferences. The personality magazine Special Report described the Prince as “Heir to the last remnant of the Holy Roman Empire.”[96] Prince Hans-Adam owns LGT banking group and has a family fortune of $7.6 billion and a personal fortune of about $4.0 billion, making him one of the world’s richest heads of state, and Europe’s wealthiest monarch.[97]

Ufologist Steven Greer claims to have been in contact with Prince Hans-Adam, who revealed to him a supposed extraterrestrial disclosure plan being negotiated in 1989 at the United Nations. Greer is an American retired medical doctor who founded the Center for the Study of Extraterrestrial Intelligence (CSETI) and The Disclosure Project, which seeks the disclosure of supposedly suppressed UFO information. According to Greer, Prince Hans-Adam was participating in the high-level negotiations involving Presidents Ronald Reagan and George H.W. Bush, Mikhail Gorbachev, along with other world leaders who were meeting with Perez de Cuellar. However, before they could conclude their plan, de Cuellar was abducted by aliens, who threatened that if they persisted in their disclosure plan, they would abduct every world leader involved, including the President of the United States.

Another source of Greer’s claims is the abductee researcher Budd Hopkins, a very close associate of Prince Hans-Adam II von Liechtenstein. Hopkins was also closely associated with another purported abductee, Rima Laibow, wife of General Stubblebine, a key agent of the CIA’s Operation Stargate. According to Greer, there is a worldwide control group of about 200 to 300 members who are suppressing knowledge of extraterrestrial technologies. Greer also mentions reports of satanic initiations among this group. Their aim is to establish a one-world government and to reduce the world’s population to a fraction of its current size. Supposedly, there is a plan in place to stage an alien threat on the earth with so-called “alien reproduction vehicles” (ARVs) manned by PLFs.

NXIVM

Prince Philip is also close to his cousin, Princess Elizabeth of Yugoslavia, the current Grand Patroness of the Order of the Fleur de Lys, which claims to have been founded by René of Anjou, purported Grand Master of the Priory of Sion. Princess Elizabeth is the only daughter of Prince Paul of Yugoslavia and Princess Olga of Greece and Denmark. Her older brothers were Prince Nicholas and Prince Alexander of Yugoslavia, who married, firstly, Princess Maria Pia of Savoy and, secondly, Princess Barbara of Liechtenstein. She is a paternal second cousin of Queen Sofía of Spain—the wife of Juan Carlos, Grand Master of the Spanish Order of the Golden Fleece. Elizabeth is close to her maternal first cousin of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent, Grand Master of the United Grand Lodge of England, and his brother, Prince Michael of Kent, the Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Mark Master Masons.

Over the years Elizabeth has been associated with Andy Warhol’s Factory and the Kennedys. She has written about her mother’s alleged affairs with John F. Kennedy, Peter Beard, and Warren Beatty. Her mother was also engaged to Richard Burton, in 1974, between his marriages to Elizabeth Taylor. Speaking of her parent’s unhappy six-year marriage, she recounted, “They both had a lot of affairs and were very naughty, very badly behaved. My mom had an affair with J.F.K. when she got pregnant with me, and everybody knew about it.”[98] In 1990, Christina entered the circles of Jeffrey Epstein, whose dinner parties she attended at his Upper East Side townhouse, then owned by his billionaire patron, Leslie Wexner. Christina also said that Epstein’s recruiter Ghislaine Maxwell asked if she would ghost-write a novel for her.[99] Christina has hobnobbed with may Royals, including the Queen and Prince Philip, explaining, “But how I was brought up, everybody I was ever introduced to had a title. It was completely par for the course. In fact, movie stars were spoken of so disparagingly—it was like they were showgirls.”[100]

Princess Elizabeth was married to Howard Oxenberg, an American Jewish dress manufacturer and close friend of the Kennedy family. Their daughter was former Dynasty star Catherine Oxenburg, who was briefly married to Robert Evans, who produced Rosemary’s Baby. Catherine’s sister Christina Oxenberg married Damian Elwes, brother of Carey Elwes, best known for his leading film roles as Westley in The Princess Bride (1987), and Robin Hood in Mel Brooks’ comedy Robin Hood: Men in Tights (1993). Christina has referred her mother as “Genghis Khan,” and her sister Catherine as “a veritable drooling sinkhole of want.”[101]

In 1991, Catherine had a daughter, India Riven Oxenberg, whose father was later revealed to be the convicted drug smuggler William Weitz Shaffer.[102] India would become involved in NXIVM, an American cult that engaged in sex trafficking, forced labor and racketeering, while claiming to be a multi-level marketing company. NXIVM has been described as a cult and was shown in court to have been a recruiting platform for a “secret sisterhood” called Dominus Obsequious Sororium (DOS), or the Vow, a in which women were branded and forced into sexual slavery. As of April 2019, five people associated with NXIVM—actress Allison Mack, NXIVM co-founder Nancy Salzman, Lauren Salzman, Seagram heiress Clare Bronfman, and bookkeeper Kathy Russell—had pleaded guilty to various charges.[103] Mack is known for her roles as Chloe Sullivan in Smallville and as Amanda on the FX series Wilfred. Salzman has had experience with hypnosis and neuro-linguistic programming (NLP).[104] NXIVM teachings drew upon diverse influences, including Ayn Rand, L. Ron Hubbard, Milton Erickson’s hypnosis, Isaac Asimov's science fiction, Rudolf Steiner, Tony Robbins, and NLP.[105]

Catherine acknowledged in 2017 that she had had interactions with NXIVM founder Keith Raniere and his organization, bringing her daughter India into NXIVM in 2011 for what she thought would be “a self-help, business-oriented program.”[106] In 2018, Catherine’s book Captive: A Mother's Crusade to Save Her Daughter from a Terrifying Cult was published. In 2020, Catherine was featured in The Vow a documentary series for HBO, which follows Oxenberg’s attempts to rescue her daughter India. Oxenberg also appears in Seduced: Inside the NXIVM Cult.

Mustique

Spencer Kuvin, who represents three of the Jeffrey Epstein’s accusers, compared the Epstein scandal to the Profumo Affair of 1963, whose connections overlap with the denizens of another island in the Carribean: Mustique, which has been described as “one of the most exclusive paradise islands in the world.”[107] Trump launched a real estate venture in the Canouan Island, is located in the heart of the Grenadines, less than eight miles south of Mustique. The island of Mustique was purchased in 1958 by Colin Tennant, 3rd Baron Glenconner. Tennant was in close friendship with Princess Margaret, the sister of Queen Elizabeth II, who built a residence on the island called Les Jolies Eaux. Tennant threw extravagant parties with guests who included Mick and Bianca Jagger, at which Margaret would be the guest of honor. It was Tennant who introduced Margaret to her lover, Roddy Llewellyn, with whom she had a scandalous affair.[108] Early visitors included Paul Newman and Truman Capote, Raquel Welch and Michael and Shakira Caine.[109]

When the Baker Street robbery of the safe deposit boxes at London branch of Lloyds Bank took place on the night of September 11, 1971, despite wide interest in the crime, details about the loot and the criminals responsible were immediately suppressed by MI5 and senior government officials. Speculation quickly arose that compromising sexual photographs of Princess Margaret, had been uncovered in the bank vault. It was rumored they had been stashed away by Michael X, the Black Power leader who was connected to the Profumo Affair.[110] Michael X associated with the radical arts scene in Notting Hill, which comprised the leading personalities of the LSD scene of Swinging London, including Alexander Trocchi, Bob Guccione (founder of Penthouse Magazine), Timothy Leary, Tavistock psychiatrist and Esalen personality R.D. Laing, Eric Clapton and William S. Burroughs, Stephen Abrams the founder of SOMA and celebrity photographer John “Hoppy” Hopkins.[111]

In February 1971, Michael X fled back to Trinidad where he started an agricultural commune devoted to Black empowerment. But in 1972, he was convicted of murder for burying alive commune member Gale Ann Benson, a British model, socialite and daughter of Conservative MP Leonard Plugge. She had met Michael X through her relationship with Malcolm X’s cousin Hakim Jamal. Michael X was executed by hanging in 1975.

Tennant was a friend of John Phillips of the Mamas and the Papas, who was inspired to write the song “Kokomo” with Terry Melcher for the film Cocktail, starring Tom Cruise and recorded by the Beach Boys. John and Michelle Phillips’ daughter Mackenzie eventually became the star of the hit TV show in the 70s called One Day at a Time, before gaining infamy for substance abuse issues. In September 2009, Mackenzie released her memoir, High on Arrival, which revealed the source of the anxieties she was struggling to cope with. In addition to introducing her to drugs at the age of eleven by injecting her with cocaine, Mackenzie claimed that “Papa” John had raped her on the eve of her first marriage, and had engaged in an incestuous affair with her that spanned a decade, and ended only when she became pregnant and did not know who the father was. Likewise, her sister Chynna Phillips, who hinted as similar abuse, also eventually entered rehab. Chynna first became known in 1990 as third of the vocal group Wilson Phillips, alongside Carnie and Wendy Wilson, the daughters of the reclusive Brian Wilson of the Beach Boys.

Elizabeth II and Prince Phillip were also attracted to the island, visiting in 1966, 1977 and 1985. Mustique, according to the Mustique’s website, became the hub of the international jet set, “who valued privacy above all things and wanted to get away from the public eye.”[112] By 2000, the island “attracted a new generation, and Mustique subsequently started to enjoy a ‘renaissance amongst the young’ with a return to the wild hedonistic parties of its early years, yet still remaining a family-friendly environment.”[113] In addition to Tennant and Jagger, the core set of names whose influence created Mustique as what it is today include Oliver Messel, Princess Margaret, Tommy Hilfiger and Shania Twain, Bryan Adams, Jude Law and Tom Ford. Jagger inspired his friend David Bowie to purchase a villa of his own.[114] Prince Andrew and his then girlfriend Koo Stark would vacation there, as do now Prince William and Kate Middleton. Island visitors have included Hugh Grant, Elizabeth Hurley, Jemima Khan, and Liam Gallagher, Posh Spice, Amy Winehouse, Kate Moss, Johnny Depp, Morgan Freeman, Quincy Jones, Richard Gere, Tom Hanks, Courtney Love, Lou Reed and Oasis’ Noel and Liam Gallagher, Denzel Washington.[115] Several high net-worth individuals have acquired land in Mustique, including Roman Abramovich’s ex-wife and Ivanka’s friend Dasha Zhukova; Dylan Jones, editor of the UK version of men’s fashion and lifestyle magazine GQ; Israeli comedian and satirist Nimrod Kamer; and Academy Award nominated filmmaker Julian Schnabel.

Prince Philip movement

The Prince Philip movement is a religious sect followed by the Kastom people around the villages of Yaohnanen and Yakel on the southern island of Tanna in Vanuatu, an island country located in the South Pacific Ocean, formerly known as the New Hebrides, where Cannibalism was practiced before the arrival of Christianity. The biography of Christian missionary John Gibson Paton described the horror of the practice of abusing and murdering disobedient wives.

The worship of Prince Philip as a god is a result of the melding of traditional customary beliefs with some of the elements of Christianity, particularly the idea of the Second Coming of Christ.[116] According to ancient Yaohnanen tales, the son of a mountain spirit travelled over the seas to a distant land where would marry a powerful woman and would return in time to them. He was sometimes said to be a brother to John Frum, who some speculate was a spirit vision induced through kava, a psychoactive drug used for medicinal, cultural and ritual purposes throughout the Pacific.[117] When the people saw the respect offered to Elizabeth II by the colonial officials, they concluded that her husband, Prince Philip, must be the son referred to in their legends. The belief probably arose sometime in the 1950s or 1960s, but was strengthened by the royal couple’s official visit to Vanuatu in 1974, when a few villagers had the opportunity to actually see Prince Philip in person.

Bizarrely, Prince Philip and the rest of the royal family seemed to have encouraged the cult. On the suggestion from John Champion, the British Resident Commissioner in the New Hebrides, Prince Philip agreed to send a signed official photograph of himself. The villagers responded by sending him a nal-nal, a traditional pig-killing club called, after which Philip sent a photograph of himself posing with it. Those two, and another photograph sent in 2000, were all kept by Chief Jack Naiva, who died in 2009. In 2007, Channel 4 broadcast Meet the Natives, a reality show about five Tanna men from the Prince Philip Movement on a visit to Britain. Their trip culminated in an off-screen meeting with Prince Philip, where gifts were exchanged, including yet another photograph of him. Philip’s daughter Princess Anne visited Vanuatu in 1974 and Tanna in October 2014. Her brother Prince Charles visited the island in 2018, when he drank kava and met some of the tribal leaders of Tanna, and was appointed an honorary chief.[118]

In April 2021, the sect mourned Prince Philip’s death with ritualistic dance, a procession, display of memorabilia of the Duke, while the men drank kava. Referring to Elizabeth II, Chief Jack Malia said that while Philip is dead, they still have a connection with the “mother” of the royal family. Many of the people believe that while his body lies at rest, the Philip’s soul will return to “its spiritual home, the island of Tanna.”[119] Kirk Huffman, an anthropologist familiar with the movement, proposed that after their period of mourning the group would probably transfer their veneration to Prince Charles.[120]

[1] Markus Osterrieder. “From Synarchy to Shambhala,” p. 113 n. 42.

[2] G. van Rijnberk. Épisodes de la vie ésotérique, 1780-1824 : Extraits de la correspondance inédite de J. B. Willermoz, du prince Charles de Hesse-Cassel et de quelques-uns de leurs contemporains Broché – 1948 (Lyon: Derain, 1948); Novak. Jacob Frank, p. 61.

[3] “HM King Christian IX of Denmark.” European Royal History.

[4] Mehmet Sabeheddin. “The Secret of Eurasia: The Key to Hidden History and World Events.” New Dawn (68).

[5] Walter Moss. A History of Russia: To 1917 (Anthem Press, 2002), pp. 163–166.

[6]  George William Speth. Royal Freemasons (Masonic Publishing Company, 1885), p. 70.

[7] Virginia Rounding. Catherine the Great: Love, Sex and Power (London: Hutchinson, 2006), p. 92.

[8] Anonymous. Rituals of the Fratres Lucis.

[9] Rachel Elior. “Frank, Eva.” Encyclopedia Judaica.

[10] Niall Ferguson. The House of Rothschild: Moneys Prophets 1798-1848, (Viking Penguin, 1998), p. 157.

[11] Vernon Stauffer. New England and the Bavarian Illuminati. (Columbia University, 1918).

[12] Hugh Chisholm, ed. “Frederick William II. of Prussia.” Encyclopædia Britannica. 11 (11th ed.). (Cambridge University Press, 1911), pp. 64–65.

[13] Hugo Vickers. “Alice, Princess (1885–1969).” Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). (Oxford University Press, 2004).

[14] Harry Mount. “Philip at a Nazi funeral and the day his sister had lunch with Hitler: TV documentary reopens painful chapter of duke's family past.” Daily Mail (July 19, 2015). Retrieved from https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3167585/Philip-Nazi-funeral-day-sister-lunch-Hitler-TV-documentary-reopens-painful-chapter-duke-s-family-past.html

[15] Richard Noll. The Aryan Christ: The Secret Life of Carl Jung, (Random House, 1997), p. 143.

[16] “Nazi Conspiracy & Aggression Volume I Chapter VII: Means Used by the Nazi Conspiractors in Gaining Control of the German State.” A Teacher's Guide to the Holocaust.

[17] C.G. Jung. Collected Works, Volume 10 (Routledge & Kegan Paul, London, 1970), p 184.

[18] Ibid., p. 185.

[19] Ibid., pp. 190-191.

[20] Hugo Vickers. Alice, Princess Andrew of Greece (St. Martin's Publishing Group, 2013).

[21] Hugo Vickers. Alice, Princess Andrew of Greece (St. Martin's Publishing Group, 2013).

[22] D. Cohen. “Freud and the British Royal Family.” The Psychologist, Vol. 26, No. 6, (June 2013).

[23] D. Cohen. “Freud and the British Royal Family.” The Psychologist, Vol. 26, No. 6, (June 2013).

[24] Ernest Jones. The Life and Work of Sigmund Freud, Vol. 2 (New York, NY: Basic Books, 1955), p. 421.

[25] David Cohen. The Escape of Sigmund Freud (JR Books, 2009), pp. 178, 205–07.

[26]  עובד, הוצאת ספרים עם. "עם עובד - האב המייסד / מוטי גולני ויהודה ריינהרץ". www.am-oved.co.il (in Hebrew). Retrieved from https://www.am-oved.co.il/%D7%94%D7%90%D7%91_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%93

[27] Michel Weber. “Christiana Morgan (1897–1967).” in Michel Weber & William Desmond, Jr. (eds.), Handbook of Whiteheadian Process Thought (Frankfurt / Lancaster, Ontos Verlag, 2008), v. II, pp. 465–468.

[28] Otto Fenichel. The Psychoanalytic Theory of Neurosis (1946) p. 353, 673.

[29] Michel Schneider. Marilyn’s Last Sessions (Canongate Books, 2011).

[30] Donald Spoto. Marilyn Monroe: The Biography (Cooper Square Press, 2001), p. 425–427.

[31] Ibid., p. 479–480.

[32] Ibid., p. 482.

[33] Ibid., p. 492.

[34] Ibid., p. 534.

[35] Ibid., pp. 310–313, 456–459.

[36] Adam Victor. The Marilyn Encyclopedia (Overlook Press, 2012).

[37] Knightley & Kennedy. An Affair of State, p. 9.

[38] Ibid., p. 22-24.

[39] Ibid., p. 31-32.

[40] Peter Levenda. Sinister Forces: A Grimoire of American Political Witchcraft. Book Two: A Warm Gun (Walterville, Oregon: TrineDay , 2011).

[41] Knightley & Kennedy. An Affair of State, p. 48.

[42] Christine Keeler. Secrets and Lies: The Trials of Christine Keeler (John Blake, 2014).

[43] Knightley & Kennedy. An Affair of State, p. 8.

[44] Robert Booth. “Ted Heath’s accuser ‘gave child abuse inquiry fantastical evidence’.” The Guardian (November 27, 2016).

[45] John Simkin. “Why did the intelligence services murder Dr. Stephen Ward?” Spartacus International (January 8, 2014). Retrieved from https://spartacus-educational.com/spartacus-blogURL15.html

[46] Anthony Summers. The Secret Life of J. Edgar Hoover (1993).

[47] Donald Spoto. Marilyn Monroe: The Biography (Cooper Square Press, 2001), p. 534.

[48] Joe Williams. Hollywood Myths: The Shocking Truths Behind Film's Most Incredible Secrets and Scandals (Voyageur Press, 2012), p. 119–120.

[49] Anthony Summers. The Secret Life of J. Edgar Hoover (1993).

[50] Anthony Summers. The Secret Life of J. Edgar Hoover (1993).

[51] David Livingstone. Ordo ab Chao. Volume Four, Chapter 9: JFK Assassination.

[52] Knightley & Kennedy. An Affair of State, p. 157.

[53] Peter Levenda. Sinister Forces: A Grimoire of American Political Witchcraft, Book Two: A War Gun (Trine Day, 2011).

[54] See Chapter 5: In God We Trust; Chapter 11: Golden Triangle.

[55] Kerry Bolton. Revolution from Above (UK: Arktos Media, 2011) p. 125.

[56] Kerry Bolton. Revolution from Above (UK: Arktos Media, 2011) p. 125.

[57] Ibid. p. 65.

[58] Lee & Shlain, Acid Dreams, pp. 126.

[59] Ibid. p. 65.

[60] Timothy Wyllie. Love Sex Fear Death: The Inside Story of The Process Church, (Port Townsend, WA: Feral House, 2009).

[61] Nigel Cawthorne. Cults: The World’s Most Notorious Cults (London: Quercus Publishing, 2019).

[62] Ed Sanders, The Family (NY: E.P.Dutton and Co., Inc.. 1971) p. 69, 159.

[63] Ibid., p. 607.

[64] Ibid., p. 609.

[65] Gary Lachman. Turn Off Your Mind: The Mystic Sixties and the Dark Side of the Age of Aquarius (Red Wheel Weiser. Kindle Edition).

[66] Lisa Respers France. “Candice Bergen and Donald Trump went on a date.” CNN (September 27, 2018).

[67] Asbjørn Dyrendal, James R. Lewis & Jesper Aa Petersen. The Invention of Satanism (Oxford University Press, 2016), p. 57.

[68] Lachman. Turn Off Your Mind.

[69] Bill Ellis. Raising the Devil: Satanism, New Religions, and the Media (University Press of Kentucky, 2000), p. 157.

[70] Caroline Howe. “EXCLUSIVE: How Roman Polanski forced wife Sharon Tate to have threesomes and make home sex videos for his friends but refused to sleep with her once she got pregnant and wanted her to get an abortion.” The Daily Mail (January 5, 2016). Retrieved from https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3383946/How-Roman-Polanski-forced-wife-Sharon-Tate-threesomes-make-home-sex-videos-friends-refused-sleep-got-pregnant-wanted-abortion.html

[71] Burton H. Wolfe. The Devil’s Avenger: A Biography of Anton Szandor LaVey (New York: Pyramid Books, 1974).

[72] Chris Mathews. Modern Satanism: Anatomy of a Radical Subculture (Greenwood Publishing Group, 2009), p. 52.

[73] Nick Clarke. “‘It is dreadful to be an onlooking parent, for the loved child is lost’.” The Guardian (October 20, 1999).

[74] Maury Terry. The Ultimate Evil: In Search of the Son of Sam (Quirk Books, Apr 20, 2021), p. 539.

[75] “Jury Finds Four Guilty in “Cotton Club” Murder Case.” Sun-Sentinel (July 23, 1991).

[76] “Enrique PUIG y Molto.” Retrieved from https://fabpedigree.com/s064/f018248.htm; by way of Berokia (Prince) of the DAVIDIC Dynasty, retrieved from https://fabpedigree.com/s024/f291978.htm

[77] Paul David Collins. “The Deep Politics of God Revisited.” Conspiracy Archive (March 31, 2008).

[78] Karen Ralls. The Templars and the Grail (Quest Books, 2012), p. 117.

[79] Hugh O’Reilly. “The King of Spain Dishonors the Golden Fleece Order.” Tradition in Action (2007). Retrieved from https://www.traditioninaction.org/History/A_009_GoldenFleece.htm

[80] Joel van der Reijden. “The 1001 Club: Bankers and Raw Materials Executives Striving for a Sustainable Future.” Institute for the Study of Globalization and Covert Politics (ISGP). Retrieved from https://isgp-studies.com/1001-club-of-the-wwf

[81] “The Ancestors of Senator John Forbes Kerry (b. 1943).” Retrieved from http://www.wargs.com/political/kerry.html

[82] Joel van der Reijden. “The 1001 Club: Bankers and Raw Materials Executives Striving for a Sustainable Future.” Institute for the Study of Globalization and Covert Politics (ISGP). Retrieved from https://isgp-studies.com/1001-club-of-the-wwf

[83] Tani Jantsang. “Did I Ever Meet Anton Lavey?” Renaissance88 (November 9. 2012). Retrieved from https://renaissance88.wordpress.com/2012/11/09/did-i-ever-meet-anton-lavey-tani-jantsang-relates-her-meeting-with-anton-lavey-2/

[84] Newsweek Staff. “The BCCI-CIA Connection: Just How Far Did it Go?” Newsweek (December 6, 1992). Retrieved from https://www.newsweek.com/bcci-cia-connection-just-how-far-did-it-go-195454

[85] Teacher. Rogue Agents, p. 305.

[86] Gustav Niebuhr. “‘The Family’ and Final Harvest.” The Washington Post (June 2, 1993), p. A01.

[87] Ibid., p. 135.

[88] Ibid.

[89] Ibid., p. 136.

[90] Ibid., p. 137.

[91] Ibid., p. 135.

[92] Ibid.

[93] Sophia Tewa. “Life after a sex cult: ‘If I’m not a member of this religion any more, then who am I?’” The Guardian (March 11, 2017).

[94] Constantine. Psychic Dictatorship in the U.S.A., p. 74.

[95] Ibid., p. 132.

[96] November 1990-January 1991.

[97] “Liechtenstein redraws Europe map” BBC News Online, (28 December 2006).

[98] Ben Widdicombe. “Christina Oxenberg Is Related to Royalty and Hollywood Stars—And She Is Ready to Tell All Her Stories.” Town & Country (December 19, 2019 ).

[99] Ibid.

[100] Ibid.

[101] Ibid.

[102] Hein Bruins. “Descendants of King Christian IX of Denmark.” heinbruins.nl (February 7, 2019). Retrieved from http://heinbruins.nl/Christian.html

[103] “Nxivm: Seagram heiress Clare Bronfman pleads guilty in 'sex cult' case.” BBC News (April 20, 2019).

[104] Elena Nicolaou. “The Vow’s Nancy Salzman Has Pled Guilty to NXIVM-Related Charges.” Oprah Magazine (October 27, 2020). Retrieved from https://www.oprahmag.com/entertainment/a33752877/nancy-salzman-nxivm-now/

[105] Frank Parlato. “Did Isaac Asimov Inspire Keith Raniere to be ‘the Mule’?” Artvoice ( (July 7, 2019). Retrieved from https://artvoice.com/2019/07/07/did-isaac-asimov-inspire-keith-raniere-to-be-the-mule/

[106] Megyn Kelly (interviewer) (November 2, 2017). “A Mother’s Fight.” Megyn Kelly Today. Season 1. Episode 29. NBC. Retrieved from https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=catherine+oxenberg+video+20%2f20&view=detail&mid=72C7A2CF8B310DCCEE1372C7A2CF8B310DCCEE13&FORM=VIRE

[107] “Our History.” Mustique Island (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.mustique-island.com/about/our-history/

[108] Nicholas Courtney. “A VERY risque friendship: She photographed him naked. He spied on her trysts with a former lover. A new book lays bare Princess Margaret's riotous antics with the lord of Mustique.” Daily Mail (October 22, 2012).

[109] George Rush. “Lord Basil.” Talk (April 2000).

[110] Tom Pettifor. “Bank job that opened the door on a royal sex scandal.” Mirror (February 16, 2008).

[111] Stewart Home. “Juia Callan-Thomson: Stewart Home’s Hippie Mamma” www.stewarthomesociety.org.

[112] “Our History.” Mustique Island (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.mustique-island.com/about/our-history/

[113] “Our History.” Mustique Island (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.mustique-island.com/about/our-history/

[114] Dan Q. Dao. “Your Guide to Mustique, the Private Caribbean Island Where You Can Stay in David Bowie's Former Villa.” GQ (March 25, 2018).

[115] George Rush. “Lord Basil.” Talk (April 2000); Wendy Leigh. “He’s the king of Mustique, the barman who knows the secrets of everyone from Winehouse to Jagger - but now he's going to tell all…” The Daily Mail (September 7, 2009).

[116] Nick Squires. “Spiritual succession: Vanuatu tribe who worshipped Prince Philip as a god will now deify Charles.” The Telegraph (April 9, 2021). Retrieved from https://www.telegraph.co.uk/royal-family/2021/04/09/spiritual-succession-islanders-worshipped-prince-philip-god/

[117] Marc Tabani. Une pirogue pour le Paradis : le culte de John Frum à Tanna (Vanuatu). (Paris : Editions de la Maison des Sciences de l'Homme, 2008).

[118] Nick Squires. “Spiritual succession: Vanuatu tribe who worshipped Prince Philip as a god will now deify Charles.” The Telegraph (April 9, 2021). Retrieved from https://www.telegraph.co.uk/royal-family/2021/04/09/spiritual-succession-islanders-worshipped-prince-philip-god/

[119] “Prince Philip: The Vanuatu tribes mourning the death of their ‘god’.” BBC News (April 12, 2021). Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-56713953

[120] Nick Squires. “Spiritual succession: Vanuatu tribe who worshipped Prince Philip as a god will now deify Charles.” The Telegraph (April 9, 2021). Retrieved from https://www.telegraph.co.uk/royal-family/2021/04/09/spiritual-succession-islanders-worshipped-prince-philip-god/

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]]>The Strange Case of Prince PhilipDavid LivingstoneMon, 28 Feb 2022 22:37:12 +0000https://ordoabchao.ca/articles/ukraine-new-great-game5dbdcf85f13fc5620ba73deb:5dbdd2d788977b62a37847f8:621d4e9837b73208f9f11ff6Color Revolutions

Relevant Chapters

• The Golden Triangle

• The Secret Team

• Reaganomics

• Katehon

January 5, 2021, it was reported that, to serve as Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs, then President-elect Joe Biden would nominate Victoria Nuland, who had a complicated history of involvement in exacerbating tensions in Ukraine, by aligning with far-right and Neo-Nazis groups, in pursuit of the US and NATO’s interests in the region.[1] An article in Salon, titled “Who is Victoria Nuland? A really bad idea as a key player in Biden's foreign policy team,” explained:

Who is Victoria Nuland? Most Americans have never heard of her, because the U.S. corporate media's foreign policy coverage is a wasteland. Most Americans have no idea that President-elect Biden's pick for deputy secretary of state for political affairs is stuck in the quicksand of 1950s U.S.-Russia Cold War politics and dreams of continued NATO expansion, an arms race on steroids and further encirclement of Russia.[2]

In addition to serving as US Permanent Representative to NATO from 2005 to 2008, Nuland has also been a member of the board of the National Endowment for Democracy (NED).[3] Putin has come to recognize that the United States and NATO have made use of Western NGOs and social media attacks, orchestrated from abroad under the pretext of supporting democracy, combating electoral fraud or the corruption of the targeted regimes, to catalyze uprisings such as the Color Revolutions and the Arab Spring.[4] The leading NGOs include the NED, as well as the International Republican Institute (IRI) and Freedom House, which are largely supported by government funds, and billionaire George Soros’ Open Society Foundations (OSF). The NED, an organization often described as an accessory to American intelligence, and which has been financially supported by Richard Mellon Scaife, who has long-standing ties to the CIA and also funded the Heritage Foundation. The first president of the NED confessed to the Washington Post that “a lot of what we do today was done covertly 25 years ago by the CIA.”[5] Acknowledgement of America’s actions has resulted in a growing worldwide trend of governments seeking to limit and delegitimize foreign funding to local NGOs, including not only Russia, but also India, Ethiopia, Hungary, Qatar, Egypt and Israel.[6] At home, the United States’ actions are excused by the perception that the imposition of democracy is not objectionable because it is not just an American, or Western ideal, but a universal one.[7]

As indicated by Robert W. Merry in The Atlantic, given the sizeable expenditures that go into such projects, such intrusion “is a foreign-policy issue that deserves more attention than it is getting in American discourse.”[8] Even if these accusations were to be made public, the general view is, as Merry noted, “that these NGO activists are merely doing what comes naturally to those who believe American democratic structures represent universal values that should be embraced universally throughout the world.”[9] However, numerous critics have confirmed that NGOs have “acted as interest groups rather than as promoters of universal standards, and as tools of US foreign policy rather than as local representatives of the ‘global conscience’ or ‘transnational civil society.”[10] The truth is that the US State Department cannot divulge what are covert foreign policy tactics, and the work of NGOs provide them plausible deniability.[11]

Formerly the Open Society Institute, the OSF was founded in 1993 by Soros to financially support civil society groups around the world, with a stated aim of advancing justice, education, public health and independent media.[12] In 1991, the Soros Foundation Budapest merged with the Fondation pour une Entraide Intellectuelle Européenne, an affiliate of the CIA’s Cold War front, the Congress for Cultural Freedom (CCF).[13] Open Society Institute was created in the United States in 1993 to support the Soros foundations in Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. And, as remarked in 2007 by Nicolas Guilhot, a senior research associate of CNRS, the Open Society Foundations serve to perpetuate institutions that reinforce the existing social order, as the Ford Foundation and Rockefeller Foundation have done before them, reinforcing a capitalist view of modernization.[14]

Putin argued that “the US instigated Color Revolutions in the former Soviet region, using grievances of people against their governments in order to impose their values that contradict local tradition and culture. These efforts were directed against Ukraine, Russia and Eurasian integration.”[15] Russian state media asserted that the American government had been spending millions of dollars in support of the revolution, and Russian websites were published with alleged proof of direct American involvement in the Euromaidan protests.[16]

Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN) 

Most controversial was the America’s alignment with Ukrainian far-right and neo-Nazi extremists, who have a long-standing history of collaboration with the CIA. As is well known, the CIA thought highly of various former Nazis who they believed could be employed during the Cold War to fight their shared enemy: communism. To that end, thousands of Nazi scientists were brought over in Operation Paperclip. The CIA hired Reinhard Gehlen, who was chief of the military intelligence service for the Nazis on the eastern front during World War II, after which he was sponsored by the CIA to establish the anticommunist Gehlen Organisation, before becoming founding president of the BND, West Germany’s federal intelligence service.[17] The CIA helped free Hitler’s favorite commando, Otto Skorzeny, who worked closely with Gehlen, and whose activities during the Cold War ranged from Franco’s Spain to South America, including a stint working for Mossad, the Israeli secret service.[18] Skorzeny was a key figure in the network known as the Fascist International, composed of various right-wing extremists, who serviced the CIA’s covert activities around the world, including Condor in South America, the Golden Triangle heroin trade in South-East Asia, and Operation Gladio in Italy.[19]

An important organization linking the CIA covert network of drugs and arms dealing and the Fascist International was the World Anti-Communist League (WACL), whose activities would evolve into the Iran-Contra Operation. The WACL had very close ties with the American Security Council (ASC), which along with its parent organization, the America First Committee (AFC), are considered the origin of the American “Old Right.”[20] Founded in 1940 to lobby to keep the United States out of World War II, the AFC represented a confluence of right-wing organizations, including the Silver Shirts, the German America Bund, the Ku Klux Klan, and was funded by the Nazis.[21] The ASC, which has been referred to as the “heart” of the Military-Industrial Complex, exploited the same fear of communism to help justify the enormous military buildup to protect America’s “freedom,” while simultaneously feeding directly into their profits.[22]

A friend of Chiang Kai-sheck, Japanese millionaire Ryoichi Sasakawa, who referred to himself as “the world’s richest fascist,” was also one of the original founders of the WACL. The United States collaborated with Chiang Kai-shek and South Korean intelligence in founding the Asian People’s Anti-Communist League (APACL) established in South Korea in 1954. The WACL emerged in 1966, when the APACL merged with another fascist organization, the Anti-Bolshevik Block of Nations (ABN), a co-ordinating center for anti-Communist émigré political organizations from Soviet and other socialist countries.[23]

The ABN took its current name in 1946 and claims direct descent from the Committee of Subjugated Nations, which was formed in 1943 by Hitler’s allies, including the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN) and the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA). The roots of the OUN/UPA may be traced to the militantly anti-Communist and nationalist Ukrainian underground founded by Colonel Eugen Konovalets in the 1920s. Although opposed to Stalinism, the group was Fascist, with strong links to the German intelligence service of Admiral Wilhelm Canaris. The League of Nations had publicly condemned the OUN as a terrorist syndicate and Polish courts had handed down death sentences to OUN leaders Mykola Lebed (1909 – 1998) and Stepan Bandera (1909 – 1959) for their roles in the 1934 murder of Polish Interior Minister General Bronislav Pieracki, among others. Once released in 1939, after his sentence was commuted to life imprisonment, Bandera organized OUN sympathizers into armed squadrons under an Abwehr program code-named Nachtigall, or Nightingale.

The OUN split into two organizations: the less militant OUN-M, and the more extremist group of Stepan Bandera, known as OUN-B, a clandestine group financed in part by German intelligence. After the start of the Axis invasion of the Soviet Union in 1940, the OUN-B in the person of Yaroslav Stetsko (1912 – 1986) declared a short-lived Ukrainian Government under the control of Nazi Germany, and pledged to fight as an ally for Hitler’s “New Order.”[24] The stated aim of the regime was to “closely cooperate with the National-Socialist Greater Germany, under the leadership of its leader Adolf Hitler which is forming a new order in Europe and the world.”[25] In 1941, Bandera and his deputy Stetsko were held by the Germans in Berlin, where they submitted dozens of proposals for cooperation to different Nazi institutions (OKW, RSHA etc.) and freely communicated with their followers.

The temporary capital of the Ukraine during the German invasion in 1941 was the city of Lviv. The city had been annexed to the Soviet Union in 1939. In the initial stage of Operation Barbarossa on June 30, 1941, Lviv was taken by the Germans. The evacuating Soviets killed most of the prison population, with arriving Wehrmacht forces easily discovering evidence of the Soviet mass murders in the city committed by the NKVD and NKGB. Ukrainian nationalists, organized as a militia, and the civilian population were allowed to take revenge on the “Jews and the Bolsheviks.” Lviv was the original stronghold of the Sabbatean Frankists. At the time of the German attack, about 160,000 Jews lived in the city, fortified by tens of thousands due to the arrival of Jewish refugees from German-occupied Poland.[26]

Supported by the Nazis, the OUN-B formed Ukrainian death-squads which carried out pogroms and massacres. The most deadly of them was perpetrated in the city of Lviv by the Ukrainian People’s Militia with direct participation of civilians, at the moment of the German’s arrival in Soviet-occupied Eastern Poland. Stetsko wrote to Bandera that OUN had “formed a Militsiya to remove the Jews.”[27] There were two separate pogroms in Lviv. The first pogrom took the lives of at least 4,000 Jews. It was followed by the killing of 2,500 to 3,000 Jews by the Einsatzgruppe C, the SS death squads, and the “Petlura Days” massacre of more than 2,000 Polish Jews by the Ukrainian militants. During the pogrom, on June 30, 1941 Bandera declared a sovereign Ukrainian state in Lviv, and a few days later was arrested by the Germans who opposed it.

Shortly after the Lviv pogroms, the “Jewish Worker Camp,” later known as the Janowska concentration camp, began to form under the leadership of the German administration by the Ukrainian Auxiliary Police (UAP), composed in large part of the former members of the Ukrainian People’s Militia.[28] The UAP was created by Heinrich Himmler in mid-August 1941 and put under the control of German Ordnungspolizei in General Government territory. According to Professor Alexander Statiev of the Canadian University of Waterloo, the UAP were the major perpetrator of the Holocaust on Soviet territories based on native origins, and those police units participated in the extermination of 150,000 Jews in the area of Volhynia alone.[29]

Members of the Lviv National Opera, who were held prisoner at Janowska concentration camp, were ordered to play Tango of Death repeatedly. On the eve of Lviv’s liberation, the Nazis ordered 40 members of the orchestra to form a circle. The security ringed the musicians and ordered them to play. First, the orchestra conductor was executed, and then the remainder of the musicians were ordered one by one to come to the center of the circle, put their instrument and strip naked, after which they were shot in the head.[30] A photo of the orchestra players was one of the incriminating documents at the Nuremberg trials.

In July 1941, however Bandera himself was arrested and sent to a concentration camp in Germany, which he left only in 1944. In April 1944, Bandera and Stetsko were approached by Otto Skorzeny to discuss plans for diversions and sabotage against the Soviet Army.[31] During the Cold War western intelligence agencies, including the CIA, covertly supported the OUN.[32] Documents declassified by the CIA under a FOIA request entitled The NAZI War Crimes Declassification Act show that from the time of World War II up until his death, Bandera and Stetsko gained the support of the American government who not only protected them from the Soviet Union, but also in such matters as obtaining visas and secret accommodation. Another document further proves that Stetsko and other “Banderists” received support from the British government as well. Stetsko’s relationship with the CIA and the US government is extensive and stretches from his time in the OUN with Bandera until his death in Munich, where OUN was embedded with American intelligence in a variety of ways in Europe, including Radio Free Europe.[33] Stetsko not only provided information to Americans about the situation in Ukraine, but he also enjoyed the confidence of Allen Dulles, the director of the CIA at the time. “A letter from the CIA expressing Dulles’ interest in Stetsko stated: “You may be assured that the question of nationalism is under constant study by this Agency. It is, as you say, unquestionably a potent force.”[34]

According to US Army intelligence records obtained through the FOIA, OUN appointed Mykola Lebed “Home Secretary and Police Minister” in the Nazi quisling government in Lviv. As leader of OUN-B, Lebed was responsible for the genocide of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia. Nevertheless, Lebed emerged after the war as one of the United States’ most important agents inside the OUN/ UPA. The Yad Vashem archives in Jerusalem contain a detailed description of Lebed’s activities personally leading the torture and murder of captured Jews at Krakow as a means of “hardening” his men against bloodshed.[35] Lebed worked with the Army Counterintelligence Corps (CIC) in Munich, and his “Liberation Council” was receiving a substantial income from American sources. As noted by Christopher Simpson, “Lebed’s new handlers in Munich, it is worth noting, were the same group of American CIC agents who were at that time running Klaus Barbie and Emil Augsburg’s network of fugitive SS men.”[36] Such was the level of protection that Lebed received that Allen Dulles personally wrote a letter of recommendation that not only allowed Lebed to enter the United States but also denied his role in the 1934 assassination of and his collaboration with the Nazis.[37] The CIA constantly monitored Lebed and did everything in its power to avoid the truth about his past being exposed by journalists or the Department of Justice. The CIA and elements of the OSI (Office of Special Investigations), worked together to keep Lebed’s past from being revealed by their own department.[38]

Republican Heritage Groups Council

In World War II, Laszlo Pasztor was a leader of the youth group of the Arrow Cross, the Hungarian equivalent of the German Nazi Party, which became a branch of the Anti-Bolshevik Network (ABN) with ties to the WACL.[39] In 1968, Pasztor was the founding chair of the Republican Heritage Groups Council (RHGC), an Eastern European émigré network which included anti-Semites, fascists, former Nazis, Nazi sympathizers and collaborators, and members with connections to Italy’s P2 Masonic lodge. According to Russ Bellant, “These antidemocratic and racialist components of the Republican Heritage Groups Council use anticommunist sentiments as a cover for their views while they operate as a de facto émigré fascist network within the Republican Party.”[40]

Pasztor was the “right-hand man” of Paul Weyrich, one of the founders of the Heritage Foundation, which took a leading role in the conservative movement during the presidency of Ronald Reagan.[41] Weyrich worked closely with Franz Joseph Strauss, Bavarian head of state, a longstanding fixture of Le Cercle and a very close friend and associate of Third Reich banker Hermann Abs. Strauss was Chairman of the Christian Social Union in Bavaria (CSU), which is represented in a common faction with Konrad Adenauer’s CDU, called CDU/CSU. In 1953, Strauss became Federal Minister for Special Affairs in Adenauer’s second cabinet. According to T.H. Tetens, the British press once referred to Strauss as “the most dangerous man in Europe.”[42] As head of the state government of Bavaria, Strauss saw to it that funding was provided to OUN. When Strauss came to the United States in the early 1970’s, Weyrich and Strauss’ Washington representative, Armin K. Haas, planned his schedule, including Capitol Hill appointments. Joseph Coors also helped Haas make new political contacts in Congress.[43]

One organization that brought together, under ASC auspices, the RHGC and Nazi collaborationists is the National Confederation of American Ethnic Groups (NCAEG). Its Executive Vice-President was Z. Michael Szaz, who was an official of the Virginia Republican Heritage Groups Council, an associate of Roger Pearson, and a director of the ASC's American Foreign Policy Institute. Dr. Alexander Ronnett, head of the Romanian American National Congress, an affiliate of the NCAEG, was a supporter of the Iron Guard. The group had long-standing ties to the WACL. A founder of the NCAEG was Austin App, who was also active in the IHR. App belonged to the German American National Congress (also known by its German acronym DANK). App wrote The Six Million Swindle, asserting that the Nazi extermination of Jews didn’t happen. In 1984, Ronnett spoke at the February, 1986 annual meeting of Willis Carto’s Institute for Historical Review (IHR), founded by Willis Carto in 1978 as an organization dedicated to publicly challenging the commonly accepted history of the Holocaust.

The Heritage Groups Council for Citizenship Education, a subsidiary of DANK, was headed by Karol Sitko, who was active in NCAEG. Sitko was described in the Washington Post as an ally of App and Ivan Docheff, head of the fascist Bulgarian National Front. According to Bellant, “The ABN is the high council for the expatriate nationalist groups that formed the police, military, and militia units that worked with Hitler during World War II.”[44] As a forerunner of modern death squads, it is consistent that ABN also has links with the WACL. The Latin American Anti-Communist Confederation (CAL), for many years the Latin-American branch of WACL has a great affinity for the ABN and its members. ABN and CAL drew up a resolution in 1983 whose statements reflected a Third Way ideology. Other ABN affiliates include, Slovak World Congress, a successor organization to the Nazi-allied Tiso regime of Slovakia; Bulgarian National Front; Supreme Committee for the Liberation of Lithuania; World Federation of Free Latvians; Croatian Liberation Movement, whose leadership came from officials of the German-created Croatian Ustashi regime of 1941-44; Byelorussian Central Council; and the Romanian Liberation Movement, a Romanian affiliate of ABN and the WACL.[45]

Other RHGC leaders who have been active with the NCAEG include Walter Melianovich, Nicolas Nazarenko, Alexander Aksenov, and Laszlo Pasztor. Nicolas Nazarenko, was a former World War II officer in the German SS Cossack Division, who headed intelligence operations in Berlin for a Cossack “government-in-exile.”[46] Melianovich was head of the Byelorussian American Republican Federation, which has had Nazi collaborators in leadership roles.[47] Melianovich's federation is closely associated with the Byelorussian American Association (BAA). An early BAA leader was Franz Kushel, an SS major general and commander of the Belarus Brigade, a Waffen SS unit.[48]

The WACL became an ultra-right-wing umbrella organization composed of neo-Nazis, Waffen SS veterans, Eastern European collaborators, Latin American death squad chiefs, and other hard-core anti-Semites. At least three WACL European Chapters (the German, the Austrian, and the Dutch) were taken over by former Nazi SS officers.[49] The WACL, explains Stuart Christie, is “The most sinister of all the internationally active extreme right wing organizations and pressure groups,” and “is based on Goebbels’ ‘Anti-Komintern’ and is the main conduit for funds for extreme right wing organizations throughout the world.”[50] Many of the most infamous CIA operations took place under the aegis of the WACL, like Operation Paperclip and related operations aimed at recruiting Nazis and other fascists, as well as the Phoenix Program, and later Operation Condor and Operation Gladio.

Western Goals

Karol Sitko was supported by JFK conspirator, billionaire H.L. Hunt, and by ASC founder General John Singlaub, who was deeply involved in the WACL, and who worked closely with Ted Shackley’s “Secret Team” in drug-running operations from the Golden Triangle to the Iran-Contra Affair.[51] Singlaub was an associate of ASC member and Shickshinny Knight of Malta General Charles Willoughby, was an associate editor of the National Review for several years and also member of the national advisory board of the Young Americans for Freedom (YAF).[52] The National Review was founded by William F. Buckley, a member of Skull and Bones and Knight of Malta, who worked for the CIA. In 1960, Buckley and AJLAC member Marvin Liebman helped form the YAF, an ideologically conservative youth activism organization that was founded in 1960 as a coalition between traditional conservatives and libertarians on American college campuses.

The selected advisory board for YAF included Senator Strom Thurmond, Senator John Tower, Ronald Reagan, Professor Lev Dobriansky, and Robert J. Morris.[53] Dobriansky was a member of the ASC and the board of the US WACL.[54] As a member of the OSS, Dobriansky worked under Donovan in running many Ukrainian SS officers and their Ukrainian Nazi collaborators to safety in Operation Paperclip.[55] During the Eisenhower Administration, Dobriansky initiated Captive Nations, which employed many ex-Nazis and fascists among Eastern European émigrés in the United States.

The Tower Commission revealed that also part of the Iran-Contra funding network was the Western Goals Foundation, founded by J. Peter Grace in 1979 and John Singlaub, and sponsored by Henry Regnery and Nelson Bunker Hunt, son of H.L Hunt.[56] Western Goals was also associated to Reinhard Gehlen, with whom they shared a connection with the Order of the Knights of Malta (SMOM). J. Peter Grace was also chairman of the Knights of Malta in the United States, as well as belonging to the CFR, and key figure in in Operation Paperclip.[57] Grace’s company, W. R. Grace & Company, was founded by Peter’s grandfather, William Grace, who was a close associate of George de Mohrenschildt. After the end of World War II, de Mohrenschildt moved to Venezuela where he worked for Pantepec Oil, a company with abundant connections with the newly created CIA, and owned by the family of SMOM and Skull and Bones member, William F. Buckley.

Roy Cohn also became a principal figure in its intelligence gathering operation the Western Goals Foundation. Like the Safari Club created with the Saudis, Western Goals was set up to side-step restrictions imposed after the Watergate and COINTELPRO revelations. As a consequence, intelligence files passed into the hands of “retired” officers and their most trusted operatives. Many of these officers, like John Rees and Congressman Larry McDonald, were members of the WACL, the John Birch Society and similar organizations, and joined Singlaub in forming the Western Goals Foundation in 1979. Western Goals acquired a reputation of acting as a “clearinghouse” for some police departments whose intelligence-collecting functions were restricted by laws such as the Freedom of Information Act.[58]

In 1979, Paul Weyrich, Paul Dolan, Richard Viguerie and Howard Phillips persuaded rising televangelist Jerry Falwell to form the Moral Majority in 1979, signaling the birth of the Christian Right.[59] Falwell was a close ally of the ASC, and part of the ASC’s Peace Through Strength campaign in 1983, along with ASC president John Fisher and General J. Milnor Roberts. Falwell’s Religious Council of 56 included General Daniel O. Graham and Clay Claiborne of the ASC, Larry McDonald of Western Goals and Nelson Bunker Hunt. Fisher was described by the Religious Roundtable as a “close friend,” as was Joseph Coors, who served on the board of the American Security Council Foundation (ASCF) through the 1980s.[60]

Viguerie was also a member of the George Town Club, which was the base of Edwin Wilson’s pedophile and blackmail operation.[61] During Koreagate, Viguerie had been involved with South Korean lobbyist Tongsun Park and the Korean CIA. In 1979, shortly after he retired from the CIA, Ted Schackley’s associate Tom Clines moved the offices of EATSCO to 7777 Leesburg Pike, as tenants of Viguerie. “The reality is that 7777 Leesburg Pike became the headquarters for the private CIA,” said former Cappucci employee Mike Pilgrim.[62] The George Town Club was founded by Tongsun Park with high-powered Washington lobbyist, Robert Keith Gray, whom John DeCamp asserted was a specialist in homosexual blackmail operations for the CIA. Together with ASC strategy board member General Robert Richardson, Gray also served on the board of Consultants International, one of Wilson’s front companies.[63] Gray’s personal secret that made them vulnerable to requests from the intelligence community, it was a secret history of homosexuality.[64] Gray was investigated in 1982 by a House Ethics Committee concerning allegations of “using drugs and sexual activity to lobby Congressman.”[65]

Gray was reported to have collaborated with Roy Cohn.[66] Cohn admitted to NYPD detective James Rothstein that he was part of an elaborate sexual blackmail operation that compromised politicians with child prostitutes, carried out as part of an anticommunist crusade. According to Rothstein, “Cohn’s job was to run the little boys. Say you had an admiral, a general, a congressman, who did not want to go along with the program. Cohn’s job was to set them up, then they would go along. Cohn told me that himself.”[67]

Peace Through Strength 

Despite his retirement in 1979, controversy continued to follow Shackley over his alleged involvement in great scandals of the Reagan era, including October Surprise, and later the Iran-Contra affair of the mid-1980s.[68] Reagan was a long-time member of the ASC before his election to the presidency.[69] Two prominent backers of the ASC, oilmen A.C. Rubel and Henry Salvatori, were also part of the trio of Los Angeles millionaires who had launched Reagan into politics after the Goldwater defeat of 1964.[70] Reagan credited the ASC numerous times for providing the overall theme for the administration of his presidency.[71] A co-chairman of the ASC in the 1980s was James Jesus Angleton. In 1976, soon after his forced retirement from the CIA, Angleton set up the Security and Intelligence Fund (SIF). John M. Fisher, founder and long-time president of the ASC, was a founding director of SIF. Other career CIA officers affiliated with the ASC strategy board included Richard Bissell who was deputy CIA director under Allen Dulles, former Deputy Director of the CIA Ray Cline who was co-chairman and member of Shackley’s Secret Team, and Daniel Arnold, a CIA officer apparently deeply involved in the drug trade.

After Jimmy Carter became President in 1977, the ASC began to organize opposition to his plans to ratify the SALT II treaty. For that purpose, the ASC and the ASCF formed the Coalition for Peace Through Strength (CPTS) in 1978, also in order to galvanize a network of right-wing support to defeat the Democratic Party’s nominee in 1980. John Singlaub was Chairman of the CPTS, which, as detailed by Russ Bellant in Old Nazis, the New Right and the Republican Party, had links to Le Cercle and also served as a connecting point between Nazi collaborationists, fascists and the Reagan Administration.

Peace Through Strength (1952) was the title of a book about a defense plan by Bernard Baruch, godfather of the Military-Industrial Complex, who was listed among the founders, benefactors and strategists of the ASC.[72] As a presidential candidate Reagan joined the CPTS in 1978, and after his 1980 victory, the ASC was heavily represented on the transition teams and in his new administration. The CPTS favored military superiority over the Soviet Union, in flagrant violation of the SALT II treaty which was under consideration by the Congress at that time. The ASC produced Attack on the Americas! which was aired on 28 stations in the winter of 1980. The film showed urban scenes of violent military conflict with a voice-over talking about the spread of communism and the threat to the U.S. from Cuba and Central America. A second film, made for the CPTS by the ASC, was entitled The SALT Syndrome, which was aired more than 1000 times.[73] The ASC produced a number such films for television promoting new weapons systems, usually funded partly by major defense contractors.[74]

While the CPTS became more involved in elections and lobbying for Reagan Administration priorities, the number of organizations in the Coalition grew from about forty in 1978 to 171 in 1986. An important member of the Coalition was the Republican Heritage Groups Council (RHGC), whose founding chair was Laszlo Pasztor, former member of the Hungarian Arrow Cross and he founding chair of the Republican Heritage Groups Council (RHGC). The vice-chair of the RHGC was Philip A. Guarino, Republican National Committee advisor, and an honorary American member of the infamous P2 Masonic lodge. Both Michelle Sindona and P2’s Gelli were associates of Guarino.[75] Appointed chairperson of RHGC in 1987 was Anna Chennault, the wife of General Claire Chennault, who gained fame in the 1950’s and 60’s as an ardent advocate of Chiang Kai-Shek’s dictatorship on Taiwan, and later for conspiring with Henry Kissinger to sabotage the 1968 peace talks to end the Vietnam War and ensure Nixon’s election. She was also a member of the China Lobby, which for years has been closely linked to the authoritarian Taiwan regime.

The activities of RHGC head Karol Sitko’s were conducted in concert with the ABN, which served as a common milieu in which many CPTS members associated and networked.[76] When Yaroslav Stetsko, a prominent figure in the OUN who headed the ABN, visited the White House in 1983, his wife Slava Stetsko, who lived in Munich, West Germany, called on the ABN to support Reagan’s re-election. She repeated the call to ABN chapters during 1984 as well. The Reagan campaign cooperated with ABN, including scheduling an appearance by RHGC chairman Michael Sotirhos, head of Ethnic Voters for Reagan-Bush Campaign 1984 as well as the RHGC, at the 1984 ABN conference in New York City. Sotirhos said in an interview that “The Council was the linchpin of the Reagan-Bush ethnic campaign… The decision to use the Republican Heritage Groups was made at a campaign strategy meeting that included Paul Laxalt, Frank Fahrenkopf, Ed Rollins, and others.”[77]

Reagan regarded his Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), also popularly known as the “Star Wars” program, a key project of the ASC as a cornerstone of his Peace through Strength strategy.[78] SDI resulted from the efforts Le Cercle contact, retired Lt. Gen. Daniel O. Graham, who was Co-Chairman of the CPTS. A Knight of Malta, Graham was also a member of the ASC, and a close associate of John Singlaub, as well as a member of the Heritage Foundation. Graham was previously Deputy Director of the CIA under William Colby from 1973-1974, and then Director of the Defense Intelligence Agency DIA in 1974-76.[79] Graham was also Vice-President of the American branch of WACL and held posts on honorary committees of the America Friends of the Anti-Bolshevik Bloc of Nations.[80] In 1976, a year after the foundation of the US Committee of the ISC (USCISC), Bush asked Richard Pipes to work on the staff of Team B Graham.[81]

In March 1982, Graham and Heritage Foundation President Ed Feulner outlined the results of a study that urged the Reagan administration to adopt an all-out effort to develop both military and peaceful uses of space. On 23 March 1983, Reagan announced SDI in a nationally televised speech. In 1984, the Strategic Defense Initiative Organization (SDIO) was established to oversee the program. As Thomas Bodenheimer and Robert Gould explained, SDI was: “…the central military goal of the right-wing movement, as expressed by analysts of the Hoover Institution and the Heritage Foundation, strongly conservative members of congress, and right-wing organizations such as the American Security Council. SDI brings together the sometimes feuding strands of the conservative movement: the traditional right, the New Right, the neoconservatives, and the military Right.”[82]

In Washington, Bandera’s OUN had reconstituted under the banner of the Ukrainian Congress Committee of America (UCCA). “You have to understand, we are an underground organization. We have spent years quietly penetrating positions of influence,” one member told Russ Bellant.[83] By the mid-1980’s, the Reagan administration was interwoven with UCCA members, with the group’s chairman Lev Dobriansky.[84] Dobriansky’s daughter Paula served on the NSC and as an assistant director of the defunct US Information Agency during the George H.W. Bush administration. She was also one of the original Signatories to Statement of Principles of the neoconservative PNAC.

Paula’s friend and colleague was Katherine Chumachenko, an American of Ukrainian descent and wife for former Ukrainian President Viktor Yushchenko. Chumachenko had been one of Lev Dobriansky’s students. She was a former Reagan administration official and ex-staffer at the Heritage Foundation.[85] Chumachenko was formerly the director of the UCCA’s Captive Nations Committee and then Deputy Director for Public Liaison at the White House.[86] During the 2004 Ukrainian presidential election campaign, Chumachenko was accused of exerting the influence on her husband’s decisions, as an agent of the US government or even the CIA.[87] In 2010, Yushchenko awarded Stephan Bandera the title of “National Hero of Ukraine.”

Euromaidan

The pro-European Union or Euromaidan protests, which began on the night of November 21, 2013, were Ukraine’s largest since the Orange Revolution of 2004, which saw President Viktor Yanukovych forced to resign. Yanukovych first ran for president in 2004. Although he was initially declared the winner against former Prime Minister Viktor Yushchenko, the election was fraught with allegations of electoral fraud and voter intimidation. This caused widespread citizen protests and Kyiv’s Independence Square was occupied in what became known as the Orange Revolution, and Yanukovych lost to Yushchenko in a second election called by the Ukrainian Supreme Court.

Assistant Secretary of State for European and Eurasian Affairs Victoria Nuland had been closely involved with Ukraine during the Orange Revolution. Nuland’s husband is neoconservative Robert Kagan, who is often dubbed the most prominent representative of modern neoconservative thought on US foreign policy.[88] Kagan is a co-founder of the neoconservative Project for the New American Century (PNAC), a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution and a member of the CFR. Kagan was an adviser to John McCain during his presidential campaign in 2008. Kagan’s book The World America Made disputes the theory that the U.S has declined as a global superpower. Barack Obama quoted from it several times during his address to the nation in 2012.

Nuland enjoyed a friendly meeting with the openly pro-Nazi Svoboda, one of the “Big Three” political parties behind the protests. This is despite the fact that Nuland is descended from immigrant Ukrainian Jewish parents, Meyer and Vitsche Nudelman who moved to New York from the Russian Empire. Nuland started in the State Department in the last years of the Soviet Union and served as US ambassador to NATO during George W. Bush’s presidency and State Department spokeswoman for Hillary Clinton before becoming assistant secretary for Europe under Barak Obama. Nuland was known as one of the most hawkish members of Obama’s team when it came to Russia.[89] At a December 5, 2013 US-Ukraine Foundation Conference, Nuland boasted of the US’s role in supporting the protests in the Ukraine:

Since Ukraine’s independence in 1991, the United States has supported Ukrainians as they build democratic skills and institutions, as they promote civic participation and good governance, all of which are preconditions for Ukraine to achieve its European aspirations. We have invested over $5 billion to assist Ukraine in these and other goals that will ensure a secure and prosperous and democratic Ukraine.[90]

Events following the Orange Revolution were a terrible disappointment to Nuland, especially after Yanukovych returned to power, and she played a central role in his subsequent overthrow in 2014.[91] The Euromaidan protests, which began on the night of November 21, 2013, were sparked when Yanukovych rejected a US-backed Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement in favor of a $15 billion bailout from Russia. The EU trade agreement, an unfair proposal Yanukovich could not accept, was intended to open Ukraine’s economy to European imports, but without a reciprocal opening of EU’s market to Ukraine. As explained in Salon, “The deal was approved by the post-coup government, and has only added to Ukraine's economic woes.”[92]

In a leaked phone conversation with Geoffrey Pyatt, the US ambassador to Ukraine, Nuland revealed her wish for Tyahnybok to remain “on the outside,” but to consult with the US’s replacement for Yanukovich, Arseniy Yatsenyuk, “four times a week.” Yatsenyuk became prime minister of Ukraine on February 27, 2014.  Nuland told Pyatt she had discussed the plan with UN Undersecretary for Political Affairs Jeffrey Feltman, and that he would appoint a UN representative to help move it forward. Then Vice President Joe Biden would also be brought into the plan at the right time, according to Nuland. “That would be great to help glue this thing and to have the U.N. help glue it,” was recorded saying. “And you know, fuck the EU.”[93]

To oppose Yanukovich, the State Department mobilized neo-Nazis and extreme right-wing forces, led by the Right Sector militia, who marched on and invaded the parliament building.[94] The ultra-nationalists and the extreme right were a small part of the overall campaign, but at times they have appeared to be the driving force behind the Maidan.[95] Protesters repeated the cry, “Hail Ukraine! Hail the heroes!” taken from the UPA, one of the two organizations founded by Nazi-collaborationist Stephan Bandera. Pro-Russian activists claimed “Those people in Kiev are Bandera-following Nazi collaborators.”[96]

On January 1, 2014, Bandera’s 105th birthday was celebrated by a torchlight procession of 15,000 people in the center of Kiev and thousands more rallied near his statue in Lviv. The march was supported by Svoboda, whose leader, Oleh Tyahnybok, had called for the liberation of his country from the “Muscovite-Jewish mafia.”[97] Svoboda is linked to an international network of neo-fascist parties through the Alliance of European National Movements. The alliance’s founding members were Jobbik, France’s National Front, Italy’s Tricolour Flame, Sweden’s National Democrats, and Belgium’s National Front. At the end of 2011, Marine Le Pen, the new French National Front leader, resigned from the AENM and joined the EAF (European Alliance for Freedom). Nick Griffin of the BNP was its Vice President. Svoboda’s openly anti-Semitic politics did not prevent Senator John McCain from addressing a EuroMaidan rally alongside Tyahnybok.

The scope of the protests soon widened, with calls for the resignation of Yanukovych and his government. As a result, Yanukovych was forced to make concessions to the opposition to end the bloodshed in Kiev and end the crisis. The Agreement on settlement of political crisis in Ukraine was signed by key leaders of the Euromaidan, Vitaly Klitschko, Arseny Yatsenyuk and Tyahnybok, the leader of Svoboda. The signing was witnessed by the Foreign Ministers of Germany and Poland, Frank-Walter Steinmeier, Radosław Sikorski, respectively, and the Director of the Continental Europe Department of the French Foreign Ministry, Eric Fournier. Vladimir Lukin, representing Russia, refused to sign the agreement.

The protests led to the 2014 Ukrainian revolution, when Yanukovych and many other high government officials fled the country. Protesters gained control of the presidential administration and Yanukovych’s private estate. Afterwards, the parliament removed Yanukovych from office, replaced the government with a pro-European one, and ordered that former Prime Minister Yulia Tymoshenko be released from prison. On March 17, 2014, the day after the Crimean status referendum, Yanukovych became one of the first eleven persons who were placed under executive sanctions by President Obama.

New presidential elections were scheduled to take place on May 25, 2014, which were won by billionaire businessman and opposition leader Petro Poroshenko. In an interview with the Washington Post, Poroshenko boasted: “From the beginning, I was one of the organizers of the Maidan. My television channel—Channel 5—played a tremendously important role… On the 11th of December, when we had Victoria Nuland and Catherine Ashton [E.U. diplomat] in Kyiv, during the night they started to storm the Maidan.”[98] Poroshenko signed the economic part of the Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement on June 27, 2014, and described this as Ukraine’s “first but most decisive step” towards EU membership.[99]

Postmodern Democracy

The ousting of Yanukovych sparked a political crisis in Crimea, which initially manifested as demonstrations against the new interim Ukrainian government. Events rapidly escalated, which led to the installation of the pro-Russian Aksyonov government in Crimea, conducting the Crimean status referendum and the declaration of Crimea’s independence on March 16, 2014. The Ukrainian territory of Crimea was annexed by the Russian Federation on March 18, 2014, and the peninsula is now administered as two Russian federal subjects, the Republic of Crimea and the federal city of Sevastopol. Putin welcomed the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation by declaring that he “was saving them from the new Ukrainian leaders who are the ideological heirs of Bandera, Hitler’s accomplice during World War II.”[100]

In the last several years, Russia has demonstrated a return to an assertive foreign policy through successful military interventions in Ukraine and Syria. In the Kremlin, Alexander Dugin, represents the “war party,” a division within the leadership over Ukraine. Known as “Putin’s Rasputin,” is an occultist influenced by Aleister Crowley, and the traditions of Nazism and synarchism, and aims to create an “Empire of the End Times.” He considered the war between Russia and Ukraine to be inevitable and appealed for Putin to start military intervention in the eastern part of the country. “Ukraine as an independent state with certain territorial ambitions,” he warns in The Foundations of Geopolitics, “represents an enormous danger for all of Eurasia and, without resolving the Ukrainian problem, it is in general senseless to speak about continental politics.”[101]

It was due to Vladislav Surkov that several of Dugin’s political projects got off the ground.[102] During Putin’s first two terms as president, Surkov was regarded as the Kremlin’s “grey cardinal,” and having directed its propaganda principally through control of state run television.[103] Peter Pomerantsev, a vocal critic of Surkov and his influence on Putin, accuses Surkov of turning Russia into a “managed democracy,” and along with another critic, Pavel Khodorkovsky, termed Russia a “postmodern dictatorship.”[104]

Ned Reskinoff of ThinkProgress, and Adam Curtis in his BBC documentary HyperNormalisation, have claimed that the unique blend of politics and reality devised by Surkov, whose previous career was as a director in avant-garde theater, has begun to affect countries outside of Russia, most notably the election of Donald Trump.[105] Curtis credits Surkov for devising a blend of theater and politics to keep Putin, and Putin’s chosen successors, in power since 2000. Surkov sponsored all kinds of groups, from neo-Nazi skinheads to liberal human rights groups, and even backed parties that were opposed to President Putin. But Surkov would the let it be known that this was what he was doing. At the same time Surkov writes lyrics for a rock group called Agata Kristi and essays on conceptual art.[106] According to Pomerantsev, in an editorial for the London Review of Books quoted by Curtis:

In contemporary Russia, unlike the old USSR or present-day North Korea, the stage is constantly changing: the country is a dictatorship in the morning, a democracy at lunch, an oligarchy by suppertime, while, backstage, oil companies are expropriated, journalists killed, billions siphoned away. Surkov is at the centre of the show, sponsoring nationalist skinheads one moment, backing human rights groups the next. It’s a strategy of power based on keeping any opposition there may be constantly confused, a ceaseless shape-shifting that is unstoppable because it’s indefinable.

Surkov’s strategy is one he refers to as non-linear war, whose underlying aim, according to Surkov, is not to win the war, but to use the conflict to create a constant state of destabilized perception, in order to manage and control it.[107] In October 2016, Ukrainian hacker group CyberHunta leaked emails and other documents alleged to belong to Vladislav Surkov, which show a direct Russian role in creating and directing the rebel uprising in eastern Ukraine in 2014. In 2011, then Russian President Dmitry Medvedev had reassigned Surkov to the role of Deputy Prime Minister for Economic Modernisation. On 20 September 2013, after he resigned from his position under Medvedev, Putin appointed Surkov as his Aide in the Presidential Executive Office, who became Putin’s personal adviser on relationships with Abkhazia, South Ossetia and Ukraine. On 17 March 2014, the day after the Crimean status referendum, Surkov became one of the first eleven persons who were placed under executive sanctions on the Obama administration.

Dugin is seen to have been the author of Putin’s annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation in early 2014.[108] According to Jolanta Darczewska, “The Crimean operation has served as an occasion for Russia to demonstrate to the entire world the capabilities and the potential of information warfare.”[109] The annexation was Russia’s response to the Euromaidan Revolution, a wave of demonstrations and civil unrest in Ukraine, which began on the night of November 21, 2013, in Kiev. The protests were sparked by the Ukrainian government’s decision to suspend the signing of an association agreement with the European Union, instead choosing closer ties to Russia and the Eurasian Economic Union. The Russians justified their actions by claiming correctly that the West had backed neo-Nazi elements inside the Ukraine.

In August 2014, Dugin called for a “genocide” of Ukrainians.[110] During the conflict, Dugin also lost his post as Head of the Department of Sociology of International Relations of Moscow State University in 2014, as the result of a petition signed by over 10,000 people. The petition was started after Dugin in an interview expressed his opinion on how to deal with Ukrainians: “To kill, kill, kill. There should be no more conversations. As a professor, I think so.”[111]

On January 15, 2016, Nuland held a closed-door meeting with Surkov. “That it was Surkov, and not [Deputy Foreign Minister Grigory] Karasin—Nuland’s counterpart—is very significant,” said foreign affairs expert Vladimir Frolov.[112] Though he has allegedly been responsible for managing Russia’s Ukraine policy, Surkov had not officially taken part in any prior high-level negotiations with the United States. Both the US State Department and the Russian Foreign Ministry revealed little about the substance of the meeting. Surkov told reporters that the meeting was essentially a “brainstorming” session. State Department spokesman John Kirby said that the two discussed “the situation in eastern Ukraine and the need for a full implementation of the Minsk agreements,” and designed to support ongoing international negotiations to bring the crisis to a close. Kirby said after the meeting on Friday that “[Surkov] is the appropriate person in [the Russian] government [with whom] to have this discussion about Minsk implementation.”[113]

Order of Nine Angels (O9A)

Dugin is also an associate of Kerry Bolton, international distributor for David Myatt’s fascist Satanist Order of Nine Angles (O9A), whose ideology is linked to the neo-Nazis in Ukraine.[114] According to Connell Monette, the O9A may include as many as two thousand members, making it the largest Satanist organization in the world.[115] The O9A surfaced around 1970, when “Anton Long,” according to his own account, was initiated into a Wiccan coven and later became its leader, transforming it into a Satanist movement. Long was the pseudonym of the British neo-Nazi activist David Myatt. At the age of sixteen, Myatt made contact with a coven and later joined secret groups in London practicing the magic of the Golden Dawn and Aleister Crowley. In 1968, he joined the British Movement (BM), a member organization of WUNS. Later called the British National Socialist Movement (BNSM), BM was started by WUNS co-founder Colin Jordan, for whom Myatt became a bodyguard. Myatt was impressed by Jordan’s writings on National Socialism and was also introduced by Jordan to the writings of Savitri Devi.[116]

From the 1970s until the 1990s, he was involved with paramilitary and neo-Nazi organizations such as Column 88 and Combat 18. Column 88 was founded by former Major Ian Souter Clarence, with the help of the Security Services.[117] As the eighth letter of the alphabet is 8, 88 stands a code for “Heil Hitler.” The origins of Column 88 have been dated to as early as 1945. Gerry Gable has claimed that Colin Jordan was initiated into this secret society at the age of nineteen.[118] According to at least two reports, Column 88, was connected Gladio. According to one of the reports, Clarence “helped set up Column 88 in the 1960s as the British section of Gladio.”[119] Column 88 also had links to the League of St. George, was formed around 1974 as a political club by Odinist Keith Thompson and Mike Griffin as a breakaway from the Action Party, founded by Oswald Mosley. Adopting the emblem of the Arrow Cross, the League sought to forge links with like-minded groups in Europe, like the Vlaamse Militanten Orde in Belgium, and the National States' Rights Party (NSRP) in the United States.[120] According to Clive Bloom, Clarence’s German connections also linked him to Palestinian terrorists in Lebanon and subsequent attacks in West Germany which included the Munich Oktoberfest bombing of the 1980.[121]

It has been reported that the O9A is linked to a number of high-profile figures from the far right and shares members with neo-Nazi terrorist groups who draw a significant amount of influences from American Nazi Party member James Mason’s newsletter Siege, a mid-1980s newsletter of the National Socialist Liberation Front. In 1968, when he was 16, Mason planned to murder the principal and other staff members at his high school, but following the advice of William Luther Pierce, he quit school and began working at the American Nazi Party’s headquarters in Virginia. After the assassination of George Lincoln Rockwell in 1967, Mason aligned himself with the National Socialist White People’s Party and Joseph Tommasi’s National Socialist Liberation Front (NSLF). The name was originally used by the NSWPP’s college student group, whose most well-known member was David Duke. Tommasi frequently found himself at odds with Rockwell’s successor, Matt Koehl, the leader of World Union of National Socialists (WUNS). Koehl objected to Tommasi’s radical viewpoints, as well as his personal habits, which included smoking marijuana, wearing long hair. These led to Tommasi being ejected from the NSWPP in 1973.[122]

In 1982, along with Charles Manson, Mason founded Universal Order, an organization that encouraged terror with notoriety, similar to that achieved by the Manson Family.[123] Siege became the official publication of this new group, which paid tribute to Adolf Hitler, Joseph Tommasi, Charles Manson, and Savitri Devi.[124] In the pages of Siege, Mason argued for sabotage, mass killings, and assassinations of high-profile targets to destabilize and destroy the current society, seen as a system upholding a Jewish and multicultural New World Order. Mason also started cheering on armed attacks by Communists, as well as black and other revolutionary racial nationalists, which were common in the 1970s and 1980s.[125]

Accelerationism

Right-wing extremists and Neo-Nazis have been known to refer to an “acceleration” of racial conflict through violent means such as assassinations, murders, terrorist attacks, and societal collapse, in order to achieve the creation of a white ethnic state.[126] The inspiration for this racist variation of accelerationism is cited as American Nazi Party and National Socialist Liberation Front member and Charles Manson associate James Mason’s newsletter Siege.[127] The hashtag #ReadSiege became popular on “alt-right” social media, especially as groups and influencers connected with the Neo-fascist and Neo-Nazi web forum Iron March promoted the text.[128]

Mason’s works were republished and popularized by the Iron March forum and its offshoot Atomwaffen Division, which has links to the O9A.[129] Iron March, was the primary organizational platform for a transnational neo-fascist accelerationist terrorist network whose ideology is based in large part on Evola.[130] Iron March began as the “International Third Positionist Federation” (ITPF) in 2010.[131] The forum was founded Alexander Slavros, an Uzbek immigrant to Russia whose real name is Alisher Mukhitdinov, who is similarly thought to be living in a district “close to the Kremlin.”[132] Slavros claimed in a direct message on Iron March that Alexander Dugin had once recruited him for the Global Revolutionary Alliance (GRA), which espouses an apocalyptic vision that humanity is at the verge of an end to “capitalism, resources, society, nations, peoples, knowledge, progress,” which it blames on the “global Western-centric world” and “the ruling class of globalism.”[133]

The Atomwaffen Division (Atomwaffen meaning “nuclear weapons” in German), also known as the National Socialist Order, is an international right-wing extremist and Neo-Nazi terrorist network. Formed in 2015 and based in the Southern United States, it has since expanded across the country as well as into the UK, Canada, Germany, the Baltic states, and other European countries. It is listed as a hate group by the Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC), and it is also designated as a terrorist group by multiple governments, including the UK and Canada.

Members of Atomwaffen, as well as many other similar groups, became interested in the Base, founded by Rinaldo Nazzaro, who described himself as a “former CIA field intelligence officer.”[134] Reports have revealed that Nazzaro is an American who moved to Russia from New York in the late 2010s, and that he was once contracted with the Department of Homeland Security, the Department of Defense and U.S. Special Forces.[135] The BBC reported that Nazzaro was an FBI analyst and a Pentagon contractor.[136] Vice News learned that Nazzaro was a Pentagon contractor who worked with Special Operations Command (SOCOM), among a group that briefed special forces officers on military targeting and counterterrorism efforts in the Middle East in 2014. “[I did] multiple tours in Iraq and Afghanistan over five years,” Nazzaro said in 2019.[137] However, according to US law enforcement and intelligence sources, Nazzaro is “working for Russia and operation a violent neo-Nazi, white supremacist organization directing violent terror attacks on US soil from St. Petersburg, Russia.”[138]

Alt-right personality Matthew Heimbach, another admirer of Dugin, used the Iron March forums to recruit for the Traditionalist Workers Party, which participated in the Unite the Right rally.[139] Prior to its shutdown in 2017, Iron March been linked to several acts of Neo-Nazi terrorism and violent militant groups such as the Nordic Resistance Movement, National Action, Azov Battalion, CasaPound, and Greece’s Golden Dawn, which has connections with Dugin. In addition to Azov, Atomwaffen has ties to O9A. Atomwaffen distributes the magazine Musta Kivi and sells the books of O9A and Kerry Bolton. Atomwaffen Division Finland “Siitoin Squadron” (AWDSS) was formed after the Finnish government banned the Nordic Resistance Movement (NRM) in 2019, following members of the underground group embracing accelerationism and occultism.[140] Representatives of the Suomen Vastarintaliike (“Finnish Resistance Movement”), the Finnish branch of the NRM, visited James Mason in the United States in 2019.[141]

Iron March forum and Atomwaffen Division, which since 2017 has been linked to eight killings in the US and several violent hate crimes, including assaults, rapes and multiple cases of kidnapping and torture.[142]  The network’s transition from activism to terrorism,” explains H.E. Upchurche, “was facilitated by the introduction of violent ritualistic initiation practiced derived from the writings of the Order of Nine Angles, which helped to habituate members to violence as well as to create a sense of shared membership in a militant elite.”[143] Since the 2010s, the political ideology and religious worldview of the Order of Nine Angles (O9A), have increasingly influenced militant Neo-fascist and Neo-Nazi insurgent groups associated with right-wing extremist and White supremacist international networks, most notably the Iron March forum.[144]

The O9A encourages its members to adopt “insight roles” in anarchist, neo-Nazi, and Islamist groups in order to disrupt modern Western society.[145] According to Upchurch, it was most likely through the influence of Ryan Fleming that Iron March was introduced to the O9A ideology. Fleming subsequently went on to become a member of National Action. In early 2021, Fleming, who had previously been convicted of the sexual abuse of children, was jailed for unsupervised contact with children.[146] Atomwaffen Division was closely associated with the American O9A affiliate Tempel ov Blood. National Action was linked to the O9A affiliate Drakon Covenant in the UK. Antipodean Resistance in Australia was involved with Kerry Bolton’s Black Order and the Temple of THEM. From 2010 to 2019, Haakon Forwald, head of the Norwegian branch of Nordic Resistance Movement (NRM), was a devotee of a Scandinavian O9A current known variously as the Misanthropic Luciferian Order, the Temple of Black Light, and Current.[147]

The Iron March chat logs subsequently published by ProPublica revealed that there are around twenty Atomwaffen cells across the United States, and they also show members praising Oklahoma City bomber Timothy McVeigh, Charleston church shooter Dylann Roof, and Norwegian mass murderer and white supremacist Anders Behring Breivik.[148] Brenton Harrison Tarrant, the perpetrator of the Christchurch mosque massacre that killed 51 people and injured 49 others during Friday Prayer on March 15, 2019, embraced right-wing accelerationism in a section of his manifesto titled “Destabilization and Accelerationism: tactics.” Tarrant claims to have been the author of a 74-page manifesto titled The Great Replacement, a reference to the “Great Replacement” and “white genocide” conspiracy theories. Inspired by Tarrant and similar accelerationist ideas, John Timothy Earnest was responsible for the Escondido mosque fire at Dar-ul-Arqam Mosque in Escondido, California, in March 2019. On April 27, before being identified as a suspect, Earnest entered the nearby Chabad of Poway synagogue and opened fire, killing one and injuring three others. “I support the Christchurch shooter and his manifesto,” Crusius wrote before committing the El Paso Walmart shooting that killed 23 people and injured 23 others. “The Hispanic community was not my target before I read The Great Replacement.”[149]

Azov Battalion

In mid-February 2022, as tensions mounted between the US and Russia over Ukraine, Western media, including the BBC, MSNBC and ABC News, widely publicized images of Valentyna Konstantynovska, a 79-year-old Ukrainian learning to handle an AK-47, endearingly described as “a granny with a gun,” without noting that her training was conducted by the right-wing extremist and neo-Nazi militia, Azov Battalion.[150] As early as 2015, Congress passed a spending bill that devoted hundreds of millions of dollars’ worth of economic and military support for Ukraine, which was specifically modified to allow that support to flow to the Azov Regiment.[151] Azov Battalion was formed in 2014 during the Odessa clashes, and saw its first combat experience recapturing Mariupol from pro-Russian separatists forces. Azov was then incorporated into the National Guard of Ukraine, part of the armed forces that the US has now given $2.5 billion, to assist with fighting against pro-Russian separatists in eastern Ukraine.[152] That is despite the fact that Azov’s former commander once said the “historic mission” of Ukraine is to “lead the White Races of the world in a final crusade for their survival” in “a crusade against the Semite-led Untermenschen.”[153]

As reported by John Pilger in The Guardian, “Like the ruins of Iraq and Afghanistan, Ukraine has been turned into a CIA theme park – run personally by CIA director John Brennan in Kiev, with dozens of ‘special units’ from the CIA and FBI setting up a ‘security structure’ that oversees savage attacks on those who opposed the February coup.”[154] According to a recent Yahoo! News report, since 2015, according to five former intelligence and national security officials familiar with the operation, the CIA is overseeing a secret intensive training program at an undisclosed facility in the Southern United States for elite Ukrainian special operations forces and other intelligence personnel. The covert program, run by paramilitaries working for the CIA’s Ground Branch—now officially known as Ground Department—was established by the Obama administration after Russia’s invasion and annexation of Crimea in 2014, and expanded under the Trump administration, and has been further augmented by the Biden administration.[155]

In a recent UN vote on “combating glorification of Nazism, neo-Nazism and other practices that contribute to fueling contemporary forms of racism,” the only two countries to vote no were the US and Ukraine.[156] US arms have flowed to Azov, they have been pictured meeting with NATO and US military officials, and members of the militia have talked about their collaboration with American trainers.[157] In 2015, The Daily Beast published an interview by the journalists Will Cathcart and Joseph Epstein in which a member of the Azov battalion spoke about “his battalion’s experience with U.S. trainers and U.S. volunteers quite fondly, even mentioning U.S. volunteers engineers and medics that are still currently assisting them.”[158]

A 2018 FBI affidavit asserted that Azov “is believed to have participated in training and radicalizing United States–based white supremacy organizations.” These include members of the white supremacist Rise Above Movement (RAM) of Southern California, prosecuted for planned assaults on counterprotesters at far-right events, including the alt-right’s Unite the Right rally Charlottesville.[159] Although the perpetrator of the Christchurch mosque massacre might not have traveled to Ukraine as he claimed, he nevertheless took inspiration from the far-right movement there, and wore a symbol used by Azov members while carrying out the attack.[160]

Politico reported that the foreign infiltration of the American white supremacist movement is especially concerning to a number of law enforcement experts who say the Biden administration is failing to utilize the most powerful tool at its disposal to enable law enforcement to monitor such groups more closely: foreign white supremacist groups can be designated as foreign terrorist organizations, and providing “material support” which is designated as a federal crime.[161] January 5, 2021, it was reported that Biden would nominate Victoria Nuland to serve as Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs under Secretary-designate Antony Blinken, a former NSC official who was influential in formulating the Obama administration’s response to Russia’s annexation of Crimea in 2014.[162]

[1] “Biden to tap more Obama vets to fill key national security roles.” Politico. Retrieved from https://www.salon.com/2021/01/19/who-is-victoria-nuland-a-really-bad-idea-as-a-key-player-in-bidens-foreign-policy-team/

[2] Medea Benjamin, Nicolas J.S. Davies & Marcy Winograd. “That would be great to help glue this thing and to have the U.N. help glue it,” she said. “And you know, fuck the EU.” Salon (January 19, 2021). Retrieved from https://www.salon.com/2021/01/19/who-is-victoria-nuland-a-really-bad-idea-as-a-key-player-in-bidens-foreign-policy-team/

[3] “Victoria Nuland.” Brookings Institution. Retrieved from https://www.brookings.edu/author/victoria-nuland/

[4] Orysia Lutsevych. “Agents of the Russian World Proxy Groups in the Contested Neighbourhood.” Russia and Eurasia Programme (Chatham House, April 2016).

[5] David Ignatius. “Innocence Abroad: The New World of Spyless Coups.” The Washington Post (September 22, 1991). Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/opinions/1991/09/22/innocence-abroad-the-new-world-of-spyless-coups/92bb989a-de6e-4bb8-99b9-462c76b59a16/

[6] Ronald R. Krebs & James Ron. “Democracies Need a Little Help From Their Friends.” Foreign Policy (June 7, 2018); Robert W. Merry. “Why Do Some Foreign Countries Hate American NGOs So Much?” The Atlantic (April 2, 2012).

[7] Robert W. Merry. “Why Do Some Foreign Countries Hate American NGOs So Much?” The Atlantic (April 2, 2012).

[8] Robert W. Merry. “Why Do Some Foreign Countries Hate American NGOs So Much?” The Atlantic (April 2, 2012).

[9] Ibid.

[10] Andrew Wilson. “Ukraine’s Orange Revolution, NGOs and the Role of the West.” Cambridge Review of International Affairs. 19(1), March 2006.

[11] Robert Pee. “Political Warfare Old and New: The State and Private Groups in the Formation of the National Endowment for Democracy.” 49th Parallel: Myth & Legacy, Issue 22, Autumn 2008.

[12] Kerric Harvey. Encyclopedia of Social Media and Politics (Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, 2013).

[13] Nicolas Guilhot. “A network of influential friendships: The foundation pour une entraide intellectuelle europeenne and east-west culturial dialogue.” Minerva, 44 (2006), pp. 379-409.

[14] Nicolas Guilhot. “Reforming the World: George Soros, Global Capitalism and the Philanthropic Management of the Social Sciences.” Critical Sociology. 33, 3 (May 2007), pp. 447–477. doi:10.1163/156916307X188988.

[15] Evgenii Mikolaichuk, ‘Amerikanskie den’gi na ukrainskoi krovi’ [American money on Ukrainian blood], Vremia.ua (February 1, 2014). Retrieved from

http://vremia.ua/rubrics/zakulisa/5321.php.

[16] See Rukspert statistics, ‘Podderzhka Evromaidana amerikantsami’ [American support of Euromaidan]. Retrieved from

http://ruxpert.ru/Поддержка_Евромайдана_американцами; Cited in Orysia Lutsevych. “Agents of the Russian World Proxy Groups in the Contested Neighbourhood.” Russia and Eurasia Programme (Chatham House, April 2016).

[17] David Livingstone. Ordo ab Chao. Volume Three, Chapter 22: The Cold War.

[18] David Livingstone. Ordo ab Chao. Volume Four, Chapter 6: The Fascist International.

[19] David Livingstone. Ordo ab Chao. Volume Four, Chapter 23: Operation Gladio.

[20] Fernando López. The Feathers of Condor: Transnational State Terrorism, Exiles and Civilian Anticommunism in South America (Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2016), p. 309.

[21] A. E.Kahn & M. Sayers. The Great Conspiracy: The Secret War Against Soviet Russia. 1st ed (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1946).

[22] David Livingstone. Ordo ab Chao, Volume Four, Chapter 7: Red Scare.

[23] Bob Fitrakis. “Reverend Moon: Cult leader, CIA asset, and Bush family friend is dead.” Free Press (September 4, 2102).

[24] Bellant. Old Nazis, the New Right and the Republican Party, p. 71.

[25] І.К. Патриляк. Військова діяльність ОУН(Б) у 1940—1942 роках. – Університет імені Шевченко \Ін-т історії України НАН України Київ, (2004).

[26] Christine Kulke. “Lwów.” In Geoffrey P. Megargee (ed.). Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933–1945. Ghettos in German-Occupied Eastern Europe. II, part A (The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, 2012), p. 802.

[27] Ilyushyn I.I. Dzyobak & I.K. Patrylyak et al. та інші Організація українських націоналістів і Українська повстанська армія (“The Organization of the Ukrainian Nationalists and the Ukrainian Insurgent Army”). Institute of History of Ukraine (Kiev: National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 2004), p. 63.

[28] John-Paul Himka. “The Lviv Pogrom of 1941: The Germans, Ukrainian Nationalists, and the Carnival Crowd.” Canadian Slavonic Papers. 53, 2–4 (2011), pp. 209–243.

[29] Statiev Alexander. The Soviet Counterinsurgency in the Western Borderlands (Cambridge University Press, 2010) p. 69.

[30] Mikhail Baranovskiy & Dmitry Mintz. Tango of Death. a True Story of Holocaust Survivors: Historical Book for Adults and Teens (Independently Published, 2020).

[31] D.Vyedeneyev; O. Lysenko (2009). “Завдання підривної діяльності проти Червоної армії обговорювалося на нараді під Берліном у квітні того ж року (1944) між керівником таємних операцій вермахту О.Скорцені й лідерами українських націоналістів С.бандерою та Я.Стецьком».” Ukrainian Historical Magazine. 3: 137.

[32] Per Anders Rudling. “The Return of the Ukrainian Far Right: The Case of VO Svoboda.” Wodak and Richardson. Analysing Fascist Discourse: European Fascism in Talk and Text (New York: Routledge, 2013). pp. 229–35.

[33] Paul H. Rosenberg and Foreign Policy In Focus. “Seven Decades of Nazi Collaboration: America’s Dirty Little Ukraine Secret.” The Nation (March 28, 2014).

[34] Audrey Panevin. “America’s Dark History of Supporting Ukrainian Fascists and War Criminals.” Slavyangrad.org (Aug 10, 2015). Retrieved from https://slavyangrad.org/2015/08/10/americas-dark-history-of-supporting-ukrainian-fascists-and-war-criminals/

[35] Christopher Simpson. Blowback: America’s Recruitment of Nazis and Its Destructive Impact on Our Domestic and Foreign Policy (New York: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1988), p. 163.

[36] Ibid., p. 166.

[37] Audrey Panevin. “America’s Dark History of Supporting Ukrainian Fascists and War Criminals.” Slavyangrad.org (Aug 10, 2015). Retrieved from https://slavyangrad.org/2015/08/10/americas-dark-history-of-supporting-ukrainian-fascists-and-war-criminals/

[38] Cristian Salazar & Randy Herschaft. “Revealed: How the CIA protected Nazi murderers.” The Independent (December 12, 2010).

[39] John Simkin. “American Security Council.” Spartacus Educational. Retrieved from https://spartacus-educational.com/JFKamericansc.htm

[40] Bellant. The Coors Connection, p. xviii.

[41] Martin A. Lee. The Beast Reawakens, (London: Warner Books, 1998), p. 314; Tamir Bar-On. Where Have All The Fascists Gone? (Routledge, 2016), p. 303.

[42] Bellant. The Coors Connection, p. 2.

[43] Ibid., p. 2.

[44] Bellant. Old Nazis, the New Right and the Republican Party, p. 75.

[45] Ibid., p. 73.

[46] Ibid., p. 6.

[47] Ibid., p. 3.

[48] Ibid., p. 11.

[49] Marshall, Dale Scott & Hunter. The Iran-Contra Connection, p. 49.

[50] Christie. Stefano Delle Chiaie, p. 42.

[51] Bellant. Old Nazis, the New Right and the Republican Party, p. 45.

[52] David Miller. The JFK Conspiracy (iUniverse, 2002), p. 40.

[53] Brussell. “The Nazi Connection to the John F. Kennedy Assassination.”

[54] Peter Dale Scott. Deep Politics and the Death of JFK (University of California Press, 1993), p. 216.

[55] Wayne Madsen. “Ukraine and Latin America: Same neocon cabal behind political disruption.” Intrepid Report (March 24, 2014).

[56] Yeadon & Hawkins. Nazi Hydra in America, p. 161.

[57] “Knights of Darkness: The Sovereign Military Order of Malta,” Covert Action Bulletin (Winter 1986) Number 25.

[58] “Western Goals Foundation,” Interhemispheric Resource Center: GroupWatch Profiles (January 02, 1989) [http://www.rightweb.irc-online.org/articles/display/Western_Goals_Foundation]

[59] Peter Jesserer Smith. “Catholics Bid Farewell to Pro-Life Lion Howard Phillips.” National Catholic Register (May 6, 2013).

[60] Bellant. The Coors Connection, p. 50.

[61] Jim Hougan. Secret Agenda: Watergate, Deep Throat and the CIA (New York: Random House, 1984). p. 120.

[62] Trento. Prelude to Terror, p. 172.

[63] “The Qaddafi connection.” New York Times (June 14, 1981).

[64] Trento. Prelude to Terror, p. 226.

[65] Peter Dale Scott. Deep Politics and the Death of JFK (University of California Press, 1996) p. 238.

[66] DeCamp. The Franklin Coverup, p. 179.

[67] John de Camp. “The Franklin Coverup,” (AWT, Inc, 1996) p. 179.

[68] Peter Dale Scott. “How a Deep State Plot Sank Jimmy Carter.” Who What Why (November 2, 2014).

[69] Lee Norrgard & Joe Rosenbloom III. “The Cold Warriors,” Common Cause Magazine, Jul/Aug 1985; “American Security Council.” Right Web (accessed January 24, 2004).

[70] Marshall, Dale Scott & Hunter. The Iran-Contra Connection, p. 61.

[71] Ronald Reagan. Peace Through Strength Campaign Commercial 1980.

[72] Paul Gottfried. “Consensus Historian.”

[73] Amanda Spake. “Time To Talk Back To Your TV Set,” Mother Jones, (June 1981).

[74] Lee Norrgard & Joe Rosenbloom III, “The Cold Warriors,” Common Cause Magazine, (Jul/Aug 1985).

[75] Bellant. The Coors Connection, pp. 16-17.

[76] Bellant. Old Nazis, the New Right and the Republican Party, p. 45.

[77] Ibid., p. 24.

[78] Lee Edwards. “How Star Wars Went from Fantasy to Fact.” Newsweek (December 19, 2015).

[79] Teacher. Rogue Agents.

[80] Ibid., pp. 472-475.

[81] Ibid., p. 100.

[82] Thomas Bodenheimer & Robert Gould. Rollback!: Right-wing Power in U.S. Foreign Policy (Boston, MA: South End Press, 1989), p. 135.

[83] Bellant. Old Nazis, the New Right and the Republican Party, p. 69.

[84] Peter Dale Scott. Deep Politics and the Death of JFK (University of California Press, 1993), p. 216.

[85] Bruce Bartlett. “The Other Election.” National Review (October 27, 2004).

[86] Bellant. Old Nazis, the New Right and the Republican Party, p. 77.

[87] Mark Rachkevych. “Even as private citizen, Kateryna Yushchenko finds criticism remains.” KyivPost (May 6, 2010).

[88] Alexander Gabuyev. “Eastern Roots For Western Duo Staring Down Moscow.” Kommersant (March 9, 2014).

[89] Hannah Levintova. “Russian Activist Alleges New Link Between the Kremlin and Paul Manafort.” Mother Jones (February 8, 2018).

[90] Max Blumenthal. “Is the US backing neo-Nazis in Ukraine?” Salon (February 25, 2014).

[91] Alexander Gabuyev. “Eastern Roots For Western Duo Staring Down Moscow.” Kommersant (March 9, 2014).

[92] Medea Benjamin, Nicolas J.S. Davies & Marcy Winograd. “That would be great to help glue this thing and to have the U.N. help glue it,” she said. “And you know, fuck the EU.” Salon (January 19, 2021). Retrieved from https://www.salon.com/2021/01/19/who-is-victoria-nuland-a-really-bad-idea-as-a-key-player-in-bidens-foreign-policy-team/

[93] Josh Rogin. “State Dept Official Caught on Tape: ‘Fuck the EU’.” The Daily Beast (February 6, 2014). Retrieved from https://www.thedailybeast.com/state-dept-official-caught-on-tape-fuck-the-eu

[94] Medea Benjamin, Nicolas J.S. Davies & Marcy Winograd. “That would be great to help glue this thing and to have the U.N. help glue it,” she said. “And you know, fuck the EU.” Salon (January 19, 2021). Retrieved from https://www.salon.com/2021/01/19/who-is-victoria-nuland-a-really-bad-idea-as-a-key-player-in-bidens-foreign-policy-team/

[95] “Ukraine’s revolution and the far right.” BBC (March 7, 2014).

[96] “A ghost of World War II history haunts Ukraine’s standoff with Russia.” Washington Post (25 March 2014)

[97] Blumenthal. “Is the US backing neo-Nazis in Ukraine?”

[98] Lally Weymouth. “Interview with Ukrainian presidential candidate Petro Poroshenko.” Washington Post (April 25, 2014). Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/interview-with-ukrainian-presidential-candidate-petro-poroshenko/2014/04/25/74c73a48-cbbd-11e3-93eb-6c0037dde2ad_story.html

[99] “Ukraine ratifies EU association agreement.” Deutsche Welle (November 16, 2014). Retrieved from http://www.dw.de/ukraine-ratifies-eu-association-agreement/a-17925681

[100] “Ukraine’s revolution and the far right.” BBC (March 7, 2014).

[101] Aleksandr Dugin. Osnovy geopolitiki: Geopoliticheskoe budushchee Rossii (Moscow: Arktogeya, 1997), p. 348.

[102] Charles Clover. Black Wind, White Snow: The Rise of Russia’s New Nationalism (Yale University Press, 2016).

[103] Anna Nemtsova. “Eli Lake: Is This the Mastermind Behind Russia’s Crimea Grab?” The Daily Beast (March 19, 2014).

[104] “Russia: A Postmodern Dictatorship? With Pavel Khodorkovsky & Peter Pomerantsev.” Legatum Institute, (October 14, 2013).

[105] Charles Clover in Moscow. “Kremlin loses its need for a ‘grey cardinal’” Financial Times (May 13, 2013).

[106] Adam Curtis. “The Years of Stagnation and the Poodles of Power.” BBC.co.uk (January 18, 2012).

[107] Tim Hains. “BBC’s Adam Curtis On The “Contradictory Vaudeville” Of Post-Modern Politics.” RealClear Politics (December 31, 2014).

[108] Dina Newman. “Russian nationalist thinker Dugin sees war with Ukraine.” BBC News (July 10, 2014).

[109] Jolanta Darczewska. “The Anatomy of Russian Information Warfare: The Crimean Aperation, A Case Study.” Point of View Number 42, (Centre for Eastern Studies: Warsaw, May 2014).

[110] Sam Jones, Kerin Hope & Courtney Weaver. “Alarm bells ring over Syriza’s Russian links”. Financial Times (28 January 2015).

[111] “В России собирают подписи за увольнение профессора МГУ, призвавшего убивать украинцев”. Ukrainian Independent Information Agency. 15 July 2014.

[112] Matthew Bodner. “Russia Pushing for An Endgame in Ukraine.” Moscow Times (January 21, 2016).

[113] Ibid.

[114] Nick Land. “Occult Xenosystems.” Xenosystems (October 11, 2020). Retrieved from http://www.xenosystems.net/occult-xenosystems/

[115] C. Monette. Mysticism in the 21st Century, p. 87; cited in Massimo Introvigne. Satanism: A Social History (Leiden and Boston: Brill, 2016), p. 357.

[116] Goodrick-Clarke. Black Sun, p. 217.

[117] Clive Bloom. Violent London: 2000 Years of Riots, Rebels and Revolts (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010), p. 388.

[118] Gerry Gable. “The Far Right in Contemporary Britain.” In Luciano Cheles, Ronnie Ferguson, Michalina Ferguson, Neo-Fascism in Europe (Longman, 1991), p. 247.

[119] Martin Durham. Women and Fascism. (Taylor & Francis, 1998), p.63.

[120] R. Hill & A. Bell. The Other Face of Terror- Inside Europe’s Neo-Nazi Network (London: Collins, 1988), pp. 195–6.

[121] Clive Bloom. Violent London: 2000 Years of Riots, Rebels and Revolts (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010), p. 388.

[122] Goodrick-Clarke. Black Sun, p. 18.

[123] “James Mason.” Southern Poverty Law Center. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/20190617183023/https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/extremist-files/individual/james-mason

[124] Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke. Black Sun: Aryan Cults, Esoteric Nazism, and the Politics of Identity, p. 19.

[125] “James Mason.” Southern Poverty Law Center. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/20190617183023/https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/extremist-files/individual/james-mason

[126] H. E. Upchurch. “The Iron March Forum and the Evolution of the ‘Skull Mask’ Neo-Fascist Network.” CTC Sentinel, 14, 10 (December 22, 2021), pp. 27–37.

[127] H. E. Upchurch. “The Iron March Forum and the Evolution of the ‘Skull Mask’ Neo-Fascist Network.” CTC Sentinel, 14, 10 (December 22, 2021), pp. 27–37; Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke. Black Sun: Aryan Cults, Esoteric Nazism, and the Politics of Identity, p. 19.

[128] Ibid.

[129] A.C. Thompson, Ali Winston & Jake Hanrahan. “California Murder Suspect Said to Have Trained With Extremist Hate Group.” ProPublica (January 26, 2018).

[130] Alexander Reid Ross & Emmi Bevensee. “Confronting the Rise of Eco-Fascism Means Grappling with Complex Systems.” Center for Analysis of the Radical Right (July 2020), p. 16.

[131] H. E. Upchurch. “The Iron March Forum and the Evolution of the ‘Skull Mask’ Neo-Fascist Network.” CTC Sentinel, 14, 10 (December 22, 2021), pp. 27–37; Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke. Black Sun: Aryan Cults, Esoteric Nazism, and the Politics of Identity, p. 29.

[132] James Bacigalupo, Robin Maria Valeri & Kevin Borgeson. Cyberhate: The Far Right in the Digital Age (Rowman & Littlefield, Jan 15, 2022), p. 113.

[133] Alex Newhouse. “The Threat Is the Network: The Multi-Node Structure of Neo-Fascist Accelerationism.” CTC Sentinel (June 2021), p. 18.

[134] Bacigalupo, Maria Valeri & Borgeson. Cyberhate, p. 113.

[135] Alex Newhouse. “The Threat Is the Network: The Multi-Node Structure of Neo-Fascist Accelerationism.” CTC Sentinel (June 2021), p. 21.

[136] Daniel De Simone & Ali Winston. “Neo-Nazi militant group grooms teenagers.” BBC News (June 22, 2020). Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-53128169

[137] Ben Mach & Mark Lamoureux. “Neo-Nazi Terror Leader Said to Have Worked With U.S. Special Forces.” Vice News (September 24, 2020). Retrieved from https://www.vice.com/en/article/k7qdzv/neo-nazi-terror-leader-said-to-have-worked-with-us-special-forces

[138] Bacigalupo, Maria Valeri & Borgeson. Cyberhate, p. 113.

[139] Newhouse. “The Threat Is the Network,” p. 18.

[140] Daniel Sallamaa & Tommi Kotonen. “The case against the Nordic Resistance Movement in Finland: an overview and some explanations.” RightNow! (Nov 2, 2020). Retrieved from https://www.sv.uio.no/c-rex/english/news-and-events/right-now/2020/the-case-against-the-nordic-resistance-movement.html

[141] “Uusnatsiryhmä Ukonvasama järjestää natsitapahtuman Aurassa viikonloppuna.” Varisverkosto. Retrieved from https://varisverkosto.com/2020/06/uusnatsiryhma-ukonvasama-jarjestaa-natsitapahtuman-aurassa-viikonloppuna

[142] A.C. Thompson, Ali Winston & Jake Hanrahan. “California Murder Suspect Said to Have Trained With Extremist Hate Group.” ProPublica (January 26, 2018).

[143] Alexander Reid Ross & Emmi Bevensee. “Confronting the Rise of Eco-Fascism Means Grappling with Complex Systems.” Center for Analysis of the Radical Right (July 2020), p. 16.

[144] Upchurch. “The Iron March Forum and the Evolution of the ‘Skull Mask’ Neo-Fascist Network.”

[145] Jacob C.Senholt. “Secret Identities in the Sinister Tradition: Political Esotericism and the Convergence of Radical Islam, Satanism, and National Socialism in the Order of Nine Angles.” In The Devil's Party: Satanism in Modernity. (eds.) Faxneld and Jesper Aagaard Peterse (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013), p. 269; Connell Monette. Mysticism in the 21st Century (Wilsonville, Oregon: Sirius Academic Press, 2013), p. 96.

[146] Upchurch. “The Iron March Forum and the Evolution of the ‘Skull Mask’ Neo-Fascist Network,” pp. 32.

[147] Ibid., pp. 32–33.

[148] A.C. Thompson, Ali Winston & Jake Hanrahan. “Inside Atomwaffen as it celebrates a member for allegedly killing a gay Jewish college student” ProPublica (February 23, 2018).

[149] Beauchamp. “Accelerationism.”

[150] John McEvoy. “Western Media Fall in Lockstep for Neo-Nazi Publicity Stunt in Ukraine.” FAIR (February 23, 2022). Retrieved from https://fair.org/home/western-media-fall-in-lockstep-for-neo-nazi-publicity-stunt-in-ukraine/

[151] James Carden. “Congress Has Removed a Ban on Funding Neo-Nazis From Its Year-End Spending Bill.” The Nation (January 14, 2016). Retrieved from https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/congress-has-removed-a-ban-on-funding-neo-nazis-from-its-year-end-spending-bill/

[152] James Carden. “Congress Has Removed a Ban on Funding Neo-Nazis From Its Year-End Spending Bill.” The Nation (January 14, 2016). Retrieved from https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/congress-has-removed-a-ban-on-funding-neo-nazis-from-its-year-end-spending-bill/

[153] Branko Marcetic. The CIA May Be Breeding Nazi Terror in Ukraine. Jacobin (January 15, 2022). Retrieved from https://jacobinmag.com/2022/01/cia-neo-nazi-training-ukraine-russia-putin-biden-nato

[154] John Pilger. “In Ukraine, the US is dragging us towards war with Russia.” The Guardian (May 13, 2014). Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/may/13/ukraine-us-war-russia-john-pilger

[155] Zach Dorfman. “CIA-trained Ukrainian paramilitaries may take central role if Russia invades.” Yahoo News (January 13, 2022). Retrieved from https://www.yahoo.com/news/cia-trained-ukrainian-paramilitaries-may-take-central-role-if-russia-invades-185258008.html

[156] Bryce Greene. “What You Should Really Know About Ukraine.” FAIR (January 28, 2022). https://fair.org/home/what-you-should-really-know-about-ukraine/

[157] Branko Marcetic. The CIA May Be Breeding Nazi Terror in Ukraine. Jacobin (January 15, 2022). Retrieved from https://jacobinmag.com/2022/01/cia-neo-nazi-training-ukraine-russia-putin-biden-nato

[158] James Carden. “Congress Has Removed a Ban on Funding Neo-Nazis From Its Year-End Spending Bill.” The Nation (January 14, 2016). Retrieved from https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/congress-has-removed-a-ban-on-funding-neo-nazis-from-its-year-end-spending-bill/

[159] Branko Marcetic. The CIA May Be Breeding Nazi Terror in Ukraine. Jacobin (January 15, 2022). Retrieved from https://jacobinmag.com/2022/01/cia-neo-nazi-training-ukraine-russia-putin-biden-nato

[160] Branko Marcetic. The CIA May Be Breeding Nazi Terror in Ukraine. Jacobin (January 15, 2022). Retrieved from https://jacobinmag.com/2022/01/cia-neo-nazi-training-ukraine-russia-putin-biden-nato

[161] Suzanne Smalley. “Is Biden Ignoring a Key Tool to Combat Violent Extremists?” Politico (February 7, 2022). Retrieved from https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2022/02/07/is-biden-ignoring-tool-combat-violent-extremists-00005674

[162] “Biden to tap more Obama vets to fill key national security roles.” Politico. Retrieved from https://www.salon.com/2021/01/19/who-is-victoria-nuland-a-really-bad-idea-as-a-key-player-in-bidens-foreign-policy-team/

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]]>Ukraine and the New Great Game: the CIA and Neo-Nazis vs Putin’s Postmodern DictatorshipDavid LivingstoneSun, 13 Feb 2022 20:32:41 +0000https://ordoabchao.ca/articles/david-icke-fascism-conspirituality5dbdcf85f13fc5620ba73deb:5dbdd2d788977b62a37847f8:6196b3f0d489f126e34f5b58The Conspiracy-Conspiracy

Facebook has been targeting QAnon ads towards those interested in alternative health, resulting in what academics have identified as “Conspirituality,” a strange blend of the New Age movement and right-wing conspiracy theories.[1] The merger of these seemingly paradoxical influences can be traced back to David Icke, who has introduced into conventional conspiracy theories a blend of New Age and Theosophical ideas, which have long had a close relationship with fascism, and in particular, Nazism. Effectively, through the influence of QAnon and the advent of Covid-19, Icke’s message is gaining increasing appeal within the New Age movement, who have adopted his right-wing conspiracy theories, such that they have come to identify the Left as the enemy of political and spiritual freedom. Merging their New Age beliefs, they hope to prevent the advent of a “New World Order,” and to assist instead in an “Ascension” to the utopian promises of the Age of Aquarius, which in fact, is the true goal of the Luciferian and fascist conspiracy.

One of the major supporters of QAnon has been Major General Paul E. Vallely. In 1980, Vallely wrote a MindWar article with Michael Aquino, a former member of the Church of Satan who founded the Temple of Set. Aquino’s satanic activity was connected to a pedophile and blackmail network with ties to the White House. The operation was run by Edwin Wilson, a member of Ted Shackley’s team of rogue CIA agents known as the “Secret Team,” who were linked with the JFK assassination, the Golden Triangle heroin trade and the Iran-Contra Affair.[2] According to John DeCamp, author of The Franklin Cover-Up, Wilson’s operation was merely a continuation of the one set up by Donald Trump’s mentor Roy Cohn during the McCarthy era with Lewis Rosenstiel and J. Edgar Hoover.[3]

Nevertheless, Vallely backed QAnon, who claimed the existence of a “Deep State” operated by a satanic pedophile network, who are supposedly being opposed by a group within the government and military referred as “white hats.” Vallely was interviewed by Mike Filip on AmeriCanuck Internet Radio of Canada, on October 14, 2019, where he explained:

Q-Anon is information that comes out of a group called ‘The Army of Northern Virginia.’ This is a group of military intelligence specialists, of over 800 people that advises the president. The president does not have a lot of confidence in the CIA or the DIA (Defense Intelligence Agency) much anymore.  So the President relies on real operators, who are mostly Special Operations type of people. This is where ‘Q’ picks up some of his information.[4]

QAnon is disinformation, deceiving those who suspect the world around them may not be as it seems, but who may not be sufficiently informed about the true nature of the conspiracy to discern the deception. The reason for the conspiracy to have been able to proceed unchecked for at least the last 250 years has not been attributable to any lack of documentation or public exposure. Sufficient literature has been produced to bring to light the activities of the conspirators and their identities, including John Robison’s Proof of a Conspiracy (1797), Augustin Barruel’s Memoirs Illustrating the History of Jacobinism, and more recently Nesta Webster’s Secret Societies and Subversive Movements (1924). So, we shouldn’t be overly enthusiastic about the proliferation of “conspiracy theory” among the alternative media in recent years.

There are many reasons for the inability of a significant enough opposition to coalesce against the conspiracy, primary among them being of course elite control of the media. However, the opposition that has been able to form has been not been able to blossom into a broader movement, largely because of internal disunity. Most disruptive is the fact that, while the conspirators and the organizations they operate have been for the most part identified, conspiracy researchers, due to their different political affiliations, are not agreed as to their goals, and therefore, the appropriate solution either.

Part of the reason for this confusion is what appears to be a disinformation campaign to hijack any growing opposition to the conspiracy. As I have revealed in my recent six-volume book, Ordo ab Chao, the key modus operandi of the conspiracy has been to deploy what I call a “conspiracy-conspiracy.” It is a deliberate attempt to cultivate an errant interpretation of the conspiracy to create a controlled opposition of naïve dissidents who are ultimately recruited into inadvertently serving the conspiracy. The reason this happens is that is those who are dismayed with the direction our societies have taken tend to become desperate for change, and too ready to throw in their support with anyone who appears to represent their interests. They look at a leader’s words, not what they stand for, which makes them easily duped.

The strategy was first exposed in the dystopian novel 1984, written by George Orwell, a close friend of Aldous Huxley, a leading member of a family intricately tied with the conspiracy and himself the true architect of the CIA’s MK-Ultra “mind control” program. Winston, the main character, meets his superior, an Inner Party official O’Brien, who presents himself as part of an underground resistance movement known as the Brotherhood, formed by Big Brother’s arch-enemy, Emmanuel Goldstein. O’Brien gives Winston a copy of Goldstein’s book, which reveals the regime’s strategy for maintaining power. The book is only used to entrap Winston. When Winston is captured by the Thought Police, it is revealed that O’Brien is one of its agents and wrote the book collaboratively with other Party members.

The tactic dates back to at least the Enlightenment, and the fomenting of the French and American Revolutions by rallying the masses into believing they were fighting “tyranny,” in the person of the aristocracy and the Catholic Church, or King George III of England. The same tactic was employed by using the cause of communism to channel the Russian people’s frustration against the state to bring about the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917. Most importantly, the Nazis made use of the notorious Protocols of Zion, which purported that the Russian revolution was the outcome of a worldwide Judeo-Masonic conspiracy, to frighten the Germans into accepting Hitler’s fascist dictatorship to prevent the same happening to their country. This was despite the fact that the Nazis were funded by the same bankers who funded the Bolsheviks.[5]

The key conspirator in this plot was a double-agent named Boris Brasol, working simultaneously for the British and the Russians, who then imported the same tactic to the United States.[6] During the 1930s, Brasol maintained a wide array of contacts among right-wing Russians in the United States, among them was “Count” Anastasy Vonsiatsky (1898 – 1965). Vonsiatsky was also associated with a textile magnate Wickliffe Draper (1891 – 1972) Draper, who was fascinated by eugenics, and sympathetic to the Nazis, founded the Pioneer Fund in 1937, “to advance the scientific study of heredity and human differences.” According to a 1960 article in The Nation, an unnamed geneticist said Draper told him he “wished to prove simply that Negroes were inferior.”[7]

Brasol became involved with the American branch of the Knights of Malta, known as the Order of St. John of Jerusalem. Although it poses as a Catholic organization, the order is a Masonic group that merely claims to be the real Knights of Malta.[8] Also known as the “Shickshinny Knights,” the group was headquartered in the small town of Shickshinny, Pennsylvania. Father Peter Baptiste Duffee, or “Father Duffy,” linked Brasol to an occult order called the Ancient and Noble Order of the Blue Lamoo, which he claimed was a rogue branch of the Shickshinny Knights of Malta and the ubiquitous Sovereign Order of St. John.[9] The Blue Lamoo was said to be founded by “Atlantian Initiates of the Sun.” Membership was limited to “Aryan People of all classes.” The purposes of the group were to free Aryans from the “financial bondage of the Judeo-Mongols,” and “To Unite Science and Religion, whereby the Aryans again may be Supermen and Superwomen and establish the Aryan Race as the Christ Race leading the World into the Millennium.”[10] This lore, Duffee insisted, disguised the order’s true function as a “Nazi propaganda organization,” which he linked to the better known German propaganda front, the Fichte Bund, of which Brasol was allegedly a representative.[11]

Brasol was described as one of the principal advisers and the “brain trust” of the America First Committee (AFC).[12] Founded in 1940 to lobby to keep the United States out of World War II, the AFC represented a confluence of right-wing organizations, including the Silver Shirts, the German America Bund, the Ku Klux Klan, and was funded by the Nazis.[13] The AFC and its successor organization, the American Security Council (ASC) are considered the founding organizations of the Old Right.

The ASC, which has been referred to as the “heart” of the Military-Industrial Complex, exploited the same fear of communism to help justify the enormous military buildup to protect America’s “freedom,” while simultaneously feeding directly into their profits.[14] Their fascist agenda, known as corporatism, was disguised as a support of neoliberalism, using the fear of communism to call for a reduction or elimination of the role of government in the economy, a function that was characterized by Friedrich Hayek as tantamount of “totalitarianism.” The main objective, however, was to remove impediments to their further profits through tax reductions, deregulation and privatization, ultimately allowing the function of the government to be handed over into their hands through private corporations.

The primary backers of the Old Right were the Regnery family, who would serve as the godfathers of the American right for the remainder of the century, up to and including the rise of the Alt-Right. ASC member Henry Regnery, son of AFC founder William Regnery, founded the conservative Regnery Publishing. According to E. Howard Hunt, the CIA subsidized Regnery Publishing because of its pro-Nazi stance.[15] Regnery Publishing did its part to promote libertarian economics, publishing works of Friedrich Hayek, Lugwig von Mises, Alfred Jay Nock and Frank Chodorov, who became editor of Human Events in 1951.

Regnery also had a hand in fanning the UFO phenomenon by publishing ufologists like Jacques Vallée, whose work inspired Steven Spielberg’s film Close Encounters of the Third Kind, and Josef Allen Hynek. In 1973, betraying an interest in MK-Ultra, Regnery published Sybil, a book about multiple personality disorder (MPD), later made into a film for television starring Sally Field and Joanne Woodward.[16]

The Silver Shirts were founded by William Dudley Pelley (1890 – 1965), who was closely connected to the founders of the “I AM” Activity, Guy and Edna Ballard.[17] The I AM” cult is what Christopher Partridge has characterized as a “UFO religion,” all of which were influenced by the works of Alice Bailey and Theosophy.[18] During his first telepathic encounter, Ballard met St. Germain in a cave underneath Mount Shasta, who showed him a television set that could receive transmissions from the planet Venus.

Pelley was associated with George Hunt Williamson, one of the original “Four Guys Named George” UFO contactees. Williamson who was connected with the Council of Nine, the same group of “extraterrestial” entities contacted by Andrija Puharich during his work on behalf of the CIA.[19] Williamson was likely the first to propose the existence of a government conspiracy to suppress knowledge of extraterrestrials, when he wrote in UFO Confidential:

Many people have asked the inevitable question: ‘If visitors from other worlds are here, why doesn’t our government inform us of such a momentous event?’ The reason is obvious… all governments, yes all, are under the complete control of the ‘International Bankers’ who also control all money and thus create depressions and prosperity whenever they want it. They want and need a divided world so that wars may continue and their wealth steadily increase.[20]

In 1953, I AM member Robert LeFevre, an associate of AFC founder Merwin K. Hart, founded the Freedom School in Colorado Springs, Colorado.[21] Notable teachers at the Freedom School, also known as Rampart College, included Mont Pelerin Society members and godfathers of the libertarian movement in the United States, such as Rose Wilder Lane, Milton Friedman, F.A. “Baldy” Harper, Frank Chodorov, Leonard Read and Ludwig von Mises. From 1957 to 1961 Chodorov, who spent World War II working for Merwin K. Hart, went each year to teach at the Freedom School.[22]

The Freedom School’s main financial support was provided Roger Milliken, CEO of his family’s company, Milliken & Company, who is known as a political godfather to the American conservative movement.[23] Milliken was also the chief backer of the National Review, of William F. Buckley Jr., Knight of Malta, member of Skull and Bones and former agent of the CIA.[24] From the ASC evolved the John Birch Society, who through their association with the National Review, helped give rise to the New Right. Buckley and John Birch Society founder Robert Welch met in 1952 when they were introduced to each other by their mutual publisher, Henry Regnery, who published the book the book that ignited Buckley’s career, God and Man at Yale.[25]

Roy Cohn, who was legal counsel to Senator Joseph McCarthy during the anti-Communist Senate investigations of the 1950s, later became a member of the John Birch Society. According to a 1976 investigation by the New York Assembly’s Office of Legislative Oversight, Birch Society member John Rees’ Information Digest was supplying information to the FBI, CIA, and the National Security Agency.[26] Despite these ties, the JBS railed against the usual suspects of conspiracy theorists, such as the Rockefellers, Rothschilds, Council on Foreign Relations, Trilateral Commission and the Bilderberg Group.

The John Birch Society, which was closely associated with the Klan, formed part of the cabal involved in the JFK assassination, working with Shackley’s Secret Team and in coordination with Texas Oil tycoons, Sid Richardson, Clint Murchison and H.L. Hunt, member of the Council of the John Birch Society.[27] According to William Torbitt, the pseudonymous author of Nomenclature of an Assassination Cabal, H.L. Hunt and Murchison were the principal financiers of Permindex—a trade organization headquartered in Basel, Switzerland, and a front organization for the CIA—which orchestrated the JFK assassination.[28] The president of Permindex was Prince Gutierez de Spadafora, whose daughter-in-law was related to Hjalmar Schacht.[29] Clay Shaw, who was indicted by Jim Garrison, represented the United States on the board of directors of Permindex. According to Torbitt, the assassination was headed by Louis M. Bloomfield of Montreal, and involved J. Edgar Hoover, Lyndon B. Johnson, John Connally, Wernher von Braun, Gordon Novel, Guy Banister, David Ferrie, Jack Ruby, Sergio Arcacha Smith, Lee Harvey Oswald and Ruth and Michael Paine.

Cohn was also close to Lew Rosenstiel, who was part of a consortium with underworld figures like Samuel Bronfman and Meyer Lansky.[30] Rosenstiel’s fourth wife, Susan Kaufman, alleged that Rosenstiel hosted lavish parties that included “boy prostitutes” that her husband had hired “for the enjoyment” of certain guests, which included important government officials and prominent figures in America’s criminal underworld.[31] One of the “blackmail parties” was hosted by Cohn in 1958 at Manhattan’s Plaza Hotel, suite 233. Kaufman testified that young boys were present and Kaufman claimed that Cohn, Hoover and her ex-husband engaged in sexual activity with these minors.[32] Declassified New York government files and research by a private detective corroborated that Cohn was providing “protection” and that “there were a bunch of pedophiles involved. That’s where Cohn got his power from–blackmail.” As Berton Hersch observed, “Like scorpions investigating coitus, Roy Cohn and J. Edgar Hoover would continue to circle each other with wary fascination for decades.”[33]

John Birch Society was co-founded in 1958 by Robert Welch, with Harry Lynde Bradley, co-founder of the Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation, and Fred C. Koch, founder of Koch Industries, and father of the infamous Koch brothers, members of the CNP, a powerful and highly secretive umbrella organization and networking group for American conservative activists, founded in 1981. The CNP was described by The New York Times as a “little-known group of a few hundred of the most powerful conservatives in the country,” who meet three times yearly behind closed doors at undisclosed locations for a confidential conference, “to strategize about how to turn the country to the right.”[34] Like Kerry Thornley, a friend of Lee Harvey Oswald and the founder of Discordianism, Charles Koch also attended the LeFevre’s Freedom school, and was converted to Libertarianism, when he was first exposed to Ludwig von Mises and Friedrich Hayek. Charles Koch was a major funder and trustee of the school by 1966.[35]

Jane Mayer is the author of Dark Money: The Hidden History of the Billionaires Behind the Rise of the Radical Right, which in particular discusses the Koch family and their political activities, along with Richard Mellon Scaife, John M. Olin, and the DeVos and Coors families, who work in tandem to influence academic institutions, think tanks, the courts, statehouses, Congress, and the American presidency for their own benefit. The Sarah Scaife Foundation was endowed and chaired by Richard Mellon Scaife (1932 – 2014), an American billionaire, a principal heir to the Mellon empire. Scaife’s mother Sarah was the niece of former United States Secretary of the Treasury Andrew W. Mellon, an important supporter of the fascist American Liberty League and a supporter of Hitler.[36] Andrew’s son was Paul Mellon, who served with the OSS in Europe during the war, and who was co-heir to one of America’s greatest business fortunes, derived from the Mellon Bank. In 1957, when Fortune prepared its first list of the wealthiest Americans, it estimated that Sarah Cordelia Mellon, her brother Richard King Mellon, and her cousins Ailsa Mellon-Bruce and Paul Mellon were all amongst the richest eight people in the United States.[37] After the war, a number influential members of the Mellon family maintained close ties with the CIA, and Mellon family foundations have been used repeatedly as CIA fronts. During his tenure as CIA director, Richard Helms was a frequent guest of the Mellons in Pittsburgh.[38]

Paul Mellon and his wife created the Bollingen Foundation, which financially supported the Eranos conferences, founded by by Olga Froebe-Kapteyn and Theosophist Alice Bailey, and which had extensive ties to representatives of the German Conservative Revolution which gave rise to the Nazis.[39] As admitted by Michael Murphy, one of its founders, the Eranos conferences served as one of the models for the development of Esalen Institute.[40] According to Wouter Hanegraaff in New Age Religion and Western Culture, in addition to the hippies, Esalen had been the second major influence of the 60s counterculture and the rise of the New Age movement.[41]

Paul’s sister Ailsa was married to David Bruce, also a former OSS officer and later US ambassador to Great Britain. Sarah Cordelia’s cousin, William Larimer Mellon Sr., the founder of Gulf Oil, was the grandfather of William Mellon Hitchcock, who funded Leary’s LSD projects at the family’s Millbrook Estate.[42] Hitchcock was sent by his uncle by marriage, David Bruce, to meet with Dr. Stephen Ward to investigate the rumors of Masonically-themed “black magic” parties at Cliveden House connected to the Profumo Affair.[43] J. Edgar Hoover suspected, as did others in American intelligence, that Kennedy may also have been one of Ward’s clients.[44] Another of Ward’s girls was former Scientologist Mary Anne MacLean, who with her husband Robert de Grimston co-founded the Process Church of the Final Judgment, which was connected with the Charles Manson murders.[45]

Reptilian Hypothesis

Ultimately, David Icke’s message like that of the New Age itself, spells consequences with fascist overtones, foreboding a new holocaust intended for the “fundamentalists” of Islam, Christianity, and Judaism, who refuse to adapt their age-old faiths for the ecumenism of the New Age movement. By example, according to New Age or occult interpretation, the Atlanteans were destroyed because of their transgressions. Likewise, despite their wishy-washy claims of universal brotherhood and tolerance, the New Age warns of a coming “Ascension” when all those who resist the transformation promised by the Age of Aquarius will be destroyed. Betraying these same fascist tendencies, Alice Bailey warned, “…let us never forget that its Life, its purpose and its directed intentional destiny that’s of importance; and also that when a form proves inadequate, or too diseased or too crippled for the expression of that purpose, it is—from the point of view of the Hierarchy—no disaster when that form has to go. Death is not a disaster to be feared; the work of the Destroyer is not really cruel or undesirable… Therefore, there is much destruction permitted by the Custodians of the Plan and much evil turned into good…”[46] Similarly, according to David Icke:

I do not seek to hide the severity of this period of fundamental change. It will be tough for every one of us… Many will return to light levels (die) in the wake of the physical events and the quickening vibrations. The Earth Spirit is already rising up the subplanes, and through the years ahead she will progress through the whole frequencies in her journey back to Atlantis and beyond... Those who cannot quicken their own vibrations through love and balance will find themselves out of synchronization with the environment around them. This process is already apparent.[47]

In 1989, Icke began to feel a presence around him, and in 1990 a voice told him to look in a bookstore at a particular section of books, one of which was by Betty Shine, a psychic healer. When he met her, Shine told him that she had a message for him from Wang Yee Lee, a being who she said looked like a Chinese mandarin and had Socrates standing next to him, that Icke had been sent to heal the Earth and that the spirit world was going to pass ideas to him. Icke decided in 1991 to visit the pre-Inca Sillustani burial ground near Puno, Peru, where he became fixated at a certain mound in a circle of stones, and felt a number of powerful sensations and new ideas began to pour into him. He described it later as the “kundalini,” exploding up through his spine, activating his brain and his Chakras, triggering a higher level of consciousness. He returned to England and began to write a book about the experience, which he titled Truth Vibrations. Icke wrote that he had been channeling for some time, and had received a message through automatic writing that he was a “Son of the Godhead,” interpreting “Godhead” as the “Infinite Mind.”

As revealed in an excellent documentary by Chris White, called David Icke Debunked, Icke claims to be imparted with insights from a spiritual entity named Rakorski, who he also identifies with the name St Germain. Rakorski is none other than Bailey’s Master Rakoczi, identified by Alice Bailey as the Master tasked with establishing the Age of Aquarius. Icke calls him the Lord of All Creation, saying that he is “directly responsible for the changes the earth will undergo.” Essentially, Icke, like other conspiracy researchers such as Jordan Maxwell, Michael Tsarion, and Acharya S, is an ardent critic of the Illuminati, but presents the myriad speculations of Theosophy as the truth being suppressed. All his main teachings are Theosophical. His descriptions of Atlantis in 1992’s Love Changes Everything are clearly indebted both to Blavatsky and Bailey.[48]

Also derived from the tradition of Theosophy is the central theme of Icke’s conspiracy theory, his reptilian hypothesis.[49] One of Icke’s key sources is American author Zecheriah Sitchin. Born in Soviet Azerbaijani, but raised in Israel, Sitchin received a degree in economics from the University of London, and taught himself Sumerian cuneiform. However, Sitchin wrote his books at a time when only specialists could read the Sumerian language, and since then, sources such as the 2006 book Sumerian Lexicon have made the language more accessible to non-experts. Sitchin’s ideas have been rejected by scientists and academics, who dismiss his work as pseudoscience and pseudohistory, and criticized for flawed methodology and mistranslations as well as for incorrect astronomical and scientific claims.

According to both Sitchin and Icke, humans are the result of a genetic experiment carried out by a race of reptilian aliens called Anunnaki. The Anunnaki are analogous to the Anakim of the Book of Genesis, the “Fallen Angels” who supposedly intermarried with the female descendants of Cain to produce a race of giants. The myth, which was associated with the Jewish Kabbalah, contributed to the development of the theory of Aryan race, whose civilization of Atlantis was supposedly destroyed by the Flood, after which they fled to the mountains of Asia.[50] There, according to Blavatsky, their influence resulted in the rise of Tibetan Buddhism, a theory that particularly fascinated the Nazis.[51] The same legend has contributed to the Ancient Astronauts hypothesis, or “White Gods” theories, the belief that ancient cultures like those of the Egyptians and the Maya of South America, were visited by Caucasian civilizers who were ignorantly worshipped by primitive peoples as “gods,” as popularized by authors like Graham Hancock.[52]

However, as noted by Tyson Lewis and Richard Kahn, “while Icke draws upon Sitchin’s ‘ancient astronomer’ theory, he develops it in favor of his own New Age and conspiratorial agenda.”[53] Through the encouragement of wars, genocide, sexual perversions, and black magic ritual and sacrifice, Icke believes, the Anunnaki release large amounts of negative energy, which is then absorbed by Anunnaki waiting in the fourth dimension. Needing overseers of their human slaves, Icke claims that the Anunnaki interbred with another alien race, commonly referred to as the “Nordics” because of their blond hair and blue eyes. The resulting “super-hybrids” are none other than the Aryans who inhabited Atlantis.[54] Icke writes in The Biggest Secret, “The Brotherhood which controls the world today is the modern expression of the Babylonian Brotherhood of reptile-Aryan priests and “royalty’.” Their reptilian characteristics, which “top-down control, emotionless ‘cold-blooded’ attitudes, an obsession with ritualistic behavior, and so on,” is directly related to fascist militarism, technocratic rationalism, and racism.[55] According to Icke, the Aryans, like their reptilian forebearers, can also shape-shift, and have been Sumerian kings, Egyptian pharaohs, and, more recently, American presidents and British prime ministers, including George Washington and George W. Bush, and the Queen Mother herself, who was “seriously reptilian.”[56]

Icke took his both his focus on extraterrestrials and the Protocols of Zion from Behold a Pale Horse (1991) by William Cooper, who was associated with the American militia movement. In the Robots’ Rebellion, Icke refers repeatedly to the Protocols, claiming they were not the work of the Jews, but of Zionists, and calling them the “Illuminati protocols,” and defining Illuminati as the “Brotherhood elite at the top of the pyramid of secret societies world-wide.” Icke’s endorsement of the Protocols, in The Robots’ Rebellion and And the Truth Shall Set You Free (1995) led his publisher to stop handling his books, which have been self-published since then.[57]

Spotlight

According to Nicholas Goodrick-Clark, author of Black Sun: Aryan Cults, Esoteric Nazism and the Politics of Identity, “it is clear from Icke’s book that he is a transmitter of this information rather than its originator. …Who is then guiding Icke and his New Age following toward the beliefs of the millenarian-conspiracy cults?”[58] He remarks that recent investigations by Matthew Kalman and John Murray of Open Eye magazine suggest that far-right and neo-Nazi groups are exploiting Icke to penetrate the Green and New Age movements.

Political Research Associates has described Icke’s politics as “a mishmash of most of the dominant themes of contemporary neofascism, mixed in with a smattering of topics culled from the U.S. militia movement.”[59] Icke endorses or recommends antisemitic and far-right publications such as Spotlight and On Target.[60] Spotlight was founded by Willis Carto (1926 – 2015), who was associated with Merwin K. Hart, one of the original founder of the America First Committee (AFC).[61] The patriot movement is considered to have evolved from the John Birch Society and its opposition to communism, the United Nations and the civil rights movement, while an insurgent wing has been traced in origins to the Liberty Lobby, founded by Carto in 1958, with promotion of themes of White supremacy and anti-Semitism.[62]

The Liberty Lobby was run by a steering committee which included ASC members General Charles A. Willoughby of the the Shickshinny Knights, John Birch Society members Major General Edwin Walker and Robert J. Morris, and Senator Strom Thurmond.[63] On the Liberty Lobby’s policy board were Joseph P. Kamp, the founder of the Constitutional Education League, Tyler Kent who was imprisoned in the Tower of London during World War II for sharing information with the enemy while a member of the American embassy staff, R.G. Johnson author of Patriots of Northern Arkansas, Lt. Col. Frederick A. Kibbe the founder for the Florida Minutemen, Archibald E. Roberts who served as the information officer for General Walker and Lt. Gen George E. Stratemeyer.[64] Stratemeyer was a member of the Military Affairs Committee of the Shickshinny Knights.[65]

Carto eventually became an adherent of Christian Identity, a racist and white supremacist interpretation of Christianity.[66] Christian Identity, which traces its origins to British-Israelism and the pre-Adamite hypothesis first proposed by La Peyrère—Menasseh ben Israel’s co-conspirator—offers a racist interpretation of Christianity where in some cases non-whites are regarded to not have souls.[67] British-Israelism, which gained influence in Britain during the nineteenth century, before being imported to the United States, teaches that many white Europeans are the descendants of the Lost Tribes of Israel and God’s Chosen People, whereas modern Jews are Khazars and impostors.[68] By the 1960s, when Christian Identity was established as an important influence on the extreme right, the Khazar ancestry of the Jews was firmly believed.

When ASC-connected Roger Pearson established himself in the United States in the 1960s, he worked together with Carto in contributing to publications of white supremacist and anti-Semitic literature, such as Western Destiny, a Liberty Lobby publication. Pearson, a notorious racialist, was a close associate Wickliffe Draper, founder of the Pioneer Fund, which supported most of Pearson’s publishing ventures.[69] In the late 1950s, Pearson founded the Northern League as an organization that recruited ex-officers of the SS and promoted Pan-Germanism, anti-Semitism and Neo-Nazi racial ideology.[70]

In 1961, Pearson founded Mankind Quarterly along with Robert Gayre, Henry Garrett, Corrado Gini, Luigi Gedda, Reginald Ruggles Gates and Nazi doctor Otmar von Verschuer, former director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute, whose students included Joseph Mengele.[71] Mankind Quarterly was published by the Advancement of Ethnology and Eugenics (IAAEE), founded in Scotland in 1959, whose principal benefactor was Wickliffe Draper, founder of the Pioneer Fund. The American branch of the IAAEE was founded by Lord Malcolm Douglas, the brother of the host of Rudolph Hess on his secret flight to Scotland in 1941. Hess sought to meet with the British aristocratic circles known as the Cliveden Set, who were sympathetic to Hitler. When Douglas and his wife Lady Douglas came to the US, he helped establish a branch of the Military and Hospitaller Order of Saint Lazarus of Jerusalem, a racist network based in Scotland.[72] Nelson Bunker Hunt, his brother William Herbert Hunt and Senator Jesse Helms, who also belonged to the Order of Saint Lazarus, were also members of the IAAEE.[73]

From the beginning, Northern League and Mankind Quarterly were allied with GRECE and Nouvelle Ecole.[74] GRECE, the Groupement de recherche et d’études pour la civilisation européenne (“Research and Study Group for European Civilization”), the leading organization of the French Nouvelle Droite, was founded by de Alain de Benoist and others who belonged to the World Union of National Socialists (WUNS), an an umbrella group for neo-Nazi organisations across the globe, founded in 1962 by George Lincoln Rockwell of the American Nazi Party.[75] Some of the prominent names that have collaborated with GRECE include Arthur Koestler, Hans Eysenck, Konrad Lorenz, Mircea Eliade, Jeune Europe founder Jean-Francois Thiriart, Thierry Maulnier and Anthony Burgess, author of A Clockwork Orange. Koestler had been an active agent of the CIA, working closely with Bill Donavan and later Allen Dulles, and a core founder of the CIA-front, the Congress for Cultural Freedom (CCF). In 1976, Koestler published The Thirteenth Tribe, to prove that the bulk of Eastern European Jews were descended from the Khazars. Although Koestler apparently wrote the book with the hope that he could demolish the racial basis of anti-Semitism, the book was widely used by anti-Semites who attempted to demonstrate that the European Jews were imposters.[76]

GRECE member Raymond Abellio (1907 – 1986) was regarded as the “Gnostic” inspiration of the Nouvelle Droite.[77] Abellio was the pseudonym of French writer Georges Soulès, who was also the leader of the synarchist Mouvement Social Révolutionnaire (MSR), which grew out of the fascist Cagoule.[78] According to Guy Patton, author of Masters of Deception, Abellio and his protégé French occult author Jean Parvulesco (1929 – 2010), were part of a network that tried to create a New Europe, ruled by a priest-king, whereby they exploited various modern myths, like the Priory of Sion, which they exploited to exert their influence and for money and power.[79]

Abellio was also a friend of Antoine Pinay, one of the original founding members of the Bilderberg Group and of Le Cercle.[80] With ties to the Bilderberg Group, the Knights of Malta, Opus Dei and all the world’s leading intelligence organizations, Le Cercle served as the umbrella organization of the Fascist International, composed of numerous neo-Nazi organizations around the world. Le Cercle was co-founded in 1952-53 by Bildeberger Antoine Pinay, SDECE and BND agent Jean Violet, and Otto von Habsburg, a Knight of Malta and also co-founder of the Pan-European Union (PEU), with Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi, which gave birth to the European Union. Le Cercle was one of the primary organizations behind the CIA’s Operation Gladio in Italy, which coordinated with fascist terrorists to carry out acts of terror that would be blamed on the communists.[81]

In 1978, Pearson became the World Chairman of the World Anti-Communist League (WACL), a right-wing organization with extensive ties to the CIA and Sun Myung Moon’s Unification Church. The WACL emerged in 1966, when the Asian People’s Anti-Communist League (APACL), established in South Korea in 1954, merged with another fascist organization, the Anti-Bolshevik Block of Nations (ABN), a co-ordinating center for anti-Communist émigré political organizations from Soviet and other socialist countries.[82] The ABN took its current name in 1946 and claims direct descent from the Committee of Subjugated Nations, which was formed in 1943 by Hitler’s allies, including the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN), founded by Stepan Bandera (1909 – 1959), and the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA).

The OUN split into two organizations: the less militant OUN-M, and the more extremist group of Stepan Bandera, known as OUN-B, a clandestine group financed in part by German intelligence. After the start of the Axis invasion of the Soviet Union in 1940, the OUN-B in the person of Yaroslav Stetsko (1912 – 1986) declared a short-lived Ukrainian Government under the control of Nazi Germany, and pledged to fight as an ally for Hitler’s “New Order.” Supported by the Nazis, the OUN-B formed Ukrainian death-squads which carried out pogroms and massacres. Nevertheless, during the Cold War western intelligence agencies, including the CIA, covertly supported the OUN.[83]

Pearson also associated with the Philadelphia Society, established in 1964 by Henry Regnery along with William F. Buckley, and to which belonged many members who have exercised considerable influence over the development of the neoconservative movement in the United States. Also contributing to its founding were M. Stanton Evans and Milton Friedman. Former Presidents of the Society include Edwin Meese, Midge Decter and George H. Nash. Philadelphia Society meetings attracted hardline conservatives and neoconservatives such as Heritage Foundation founder Paul Weyrich, Erik von Kuehnelt-Leddihn, William Casey, Richard V. Allen, Richard Pipes, Ernest W. Lefever and Frank Shakespeare. Notable speakers at past meetings of the Society have included Vladimir Bukovsky, Friedrich von Hayek, Henry Hazlitt, Irving Kristol, Norman Podhoretz, George J. Stigler, George Gilder, Victor Davis Hanson, Eric Voegelin and Paul Ryan.

When Joseph Coors—of the Coors beer empire and a supporter of the John Birch Society—established the Heritage Foundation in 1973, he had chosen Pearson as co-editor of the foundation’s publication Policy Review. The Heritage Foundation is part of a network of right-wing and neoliberal think tanks funded by charitable foundations and known CIA fronts, who in turn are funded primarily by ExxonMobil.[84] These included a number of other Rockefeller-affiliated foundations like the Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation, Sarah Scaife Foundation and John M. Olin Foundation, who are also responsible for funding the Heritage Foundation and the American Enterprise Institute. To this day, AEI’s board is composed of top leaders from major business and financial firms.[85] John Mearsheimer and Stephen Walt, in their controversial bestseller, The Israel Lobby and US Foreign Policy, list the AEI as a principal aspect of America’s powerful Zionist lobby, which is dominated by American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC), the foremost pro-Israel lobbying organization in the US.

The Heritage foundation was founded by Knight of Malta Paul Weyrich, who worked closely with Franz Joseph Strauss, Bavarian head of state, a longstanding fixture of Le Cercle and a very close friend and associate of Third Reich banker Hermann Abs. Strauss was Chairman of the Christian Social Union in Bavaria (CSU), which is represented in a common faction with Adenauer’s CDU, called CDU/CSU. In 1953, Strauss became Federal Minister for Special Affairs in Adenauer’s second cabinet. According to T.H. Tetens, the British press once referred to Strauss as “the most dangerous man in Europe.”[86] As head of the state government of Bavaria, Strauss saw to it that funding was provided to the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN), which formed the ABN. When Strauss came to the United States in the early 1970’s, Weyrich and Strauss’ Washington representative, Armin K. Haas, planned his schedule, including Capitol Hill appointments. Joseph Coors also helped Haas make new political contacts in Congress.[87]

As detailed by Russ Bellant in The Coors Connection, Jesse Helms’ political operative Tom Ellis formed the Leadership Coalition for Freedom Through Truth in 1987 with funding from the Pioneer Fund. Its board included Richard Schoff, a North Carolina businessman, who was a generous funder of the KKK.[88] Ellis was a member of The Conservative Caucus (TCC), which according to Bellant, “is among the most radical of reactionary groups in the US.” The TCC was funded by Coors and headed by Joseph Phillips. The Caucus created the Citizens Cabinet Organization Committee, which included Heritage president Frank Walton, Paul Weyrich, Richard Viguerie and a number of leading members of the John Birch Society, including its president Larry McDonald.[89] The TCC also shared members with the United Council for World Freedom of Secret Team member Major General John K. Singlaub, the American branch of the WACL, financially supported by Joseph Coors. USCWF and the Nicaraguan Refugee Fund, another Coor’s cause, helped fund the Nicaraguan contras.[90]

The Tower Commission revealed that also part of the Iran-Contra funding network was the Western Goals Foundation, founded by J. Peter Grace in 1979 and John Singlaub, and sponsored by Henry Regnery and Nelson Bunker Hunt, son of H.L Hunt.[91] Western Goals was also associated to Reinhard Gehlen, with whom they shared a connection with the Order of the Knights of Malta (SMOM). J. Peter Grace was also chairman of the Knights of Malta in the United States, as well as belonging to the CFR, and key figure in in Operation Paperclip.[92] Grace’s company, W. R. Grace & Company, was founded by Peter’s grandfather, William Grace, who was a close associate of George de Mohrenschildt. After the end of World War II, de Mohrenschildt moved to Venezuela where he worked for Pantepec Oil, a company with abundant connections with the newly created CIA, and owned by the family of SMOM and Skull and Bones member, William F. Buckley.

Roy Cohn also became a principal figure in its intelligence gathering operation the Western Goals Foundation. Like the Safari Club created with the Saudis, Western Goals was set up to side-step restrictions imposed after the Watergate and COINTELPRO revelations. As a consequence, intelligence files passed into the hands of “retired” officers and their most trusted operatives. Many of these officers, like John Rees and Congressman Larry McDonald, were members of the WACL, the John Birch Society and similar organizations, and joined Singlaub in forming the Western Goals Foundation in 1979. Western Goals acquired a reputation of acting as a “clearinghouse” for some police departments whose intelligence-collecting functions were restricted by laws such as the Freedom of Information Act.[93]

In 1979, Paul Weyrich, Paul Dolan, Richard Viguerie and Howard Phillips persuaded rising televangelist Jerry Falwell to form the Moral Majority in 1979, signaling the birth of the Christian Right.[94] Falwell was a close ally of the ASC, and part of the ASC’s Peace Through Strength campaign in 1983, along with ASC president John Fisher and General J. Milnor Roberts. Falwell’s Religious Council of 56 included General Daniel O. Graham and Clay Claiborne of the ASC, Larry McDonald of Western Goals and Nelson Bunker Hunt. Fisher was described by the Religious Roundtable as a “close friend,” as was Joseph Coors, who served on the board of the American Security Council Foundation (ASCF) through the 1980s.[95]

Viguerie was also a member of the George Town Club, which was the base of Edwin Wilson’s pedophile and blackmail operation.[96] During Koreagate, Viguerie had been involved with South Korean lobbyist Tongsun Park and the Korean CIA. In 1979, shortly after he retired from the CIA, Ted Schackley’s associate Tom Clines moved the offices of EATSCO to 7777 Leesburg Pike, as tenants of Viguerie. “The reality is that 7777 Leesburg Pike became the headquarters for the private CIA,” said former Cappucci employee Mike Pilgrim.[97] The George Town Club was founded by Tongsun Park with high-powered Washington lobbyist, Robert Keith Gray, whom John DeCamp asserted was a specialist in homosexual blackmail operations for the CIA. Together with ASC strategy board member General Robert Richardson, Gray also served on the board of Consultants International, one of Wilson’s front companies.[98] Gray’s personal secret that made them vulnerable to requests from the intelligence community, it was a secret history of homosexuality.[99] Gray was investigated in 1982 by a House Ethics Committee concerning allegations of “using drugs and sexual activity to lobby Congressman.”[100]

Gray was reported to have collaborated with Roy Cohn.[101] Cohn admitted to NYPD detective James Rothstein that he was part of an elaborate sexual blackmail operation that compromised politicians with child prostitutes, carried out as part of an anticommunist crusade. According to Rothstein, “Cohn’s job was to run the little boys. Say you had an admiral, a general, a congressman, who did not want to go along with the program. Cohn’s job was to set them up, then they would go along. Cohn told me that himself.”[102]

Maury Terry, author of The Ultimate Evil, linked Cohn to the Son of Sam serial killer. Terry gathered compelling evidence that the cult behind the Son of Sam crimes was the satanic group known as The Process Church of the Final Judgment which he also implicated in the Charles Manson murders. Terry portrayed The Process as being the major player behind a vast Satanic underground network that dealt in pornography, drugs, and ritual murder. According to Berkowitz, The Process provided children for sex at parties held by wealthy people in Westchester, Manhattan, Connecticut, and Long Island. Berkowitz informed Terry that one of these parties were held at Cohn’s house in Connecticut. Additionally, two further witnesses maintained that occasionally present at these parties were a Yonkers judge, at least two Westchester County politicians, a high-ranking New York state politician, a celebrated but later-murdered physician, a Nobel Prize-winning doctor, and two aides to then-mayor of New York City Abraham Beame.[103]

Gray was the chairman and CEO of Hill & Knowlton, one of the two biggest public relations firms in the world, with such blue-chip clients such as AT&T, IBM, Xerox, and DuPont. CBS’s 60 Minutes has called Hill & Knowlton. Notable clients of Gray & Company, which Gray established in 1981 after leaving Hill & Knowlton, included Saudi billionaire and Iran-Contra arms dealer Adnan Khashoggi, the government of Haiti under Duvalier, American, the Teamsters Union, and Reverend Moon. Gray also joined the board of the board of BCCI after its acquisition of First American Bank. According to an affidavit filed by Daniel Sheehan for the Christic Institute, when Edwin Meese, Vice President Bush, CIA director Bill Casey, national security adviser Robert McFarlane, and Oliver North were devising a strategy to circumvent Congress to arm the Contras, they turned to Gray & Company.[104]

Pearson was forced to leave Heritage after the Washington Post exposed the racist and fascist orientation of the WACL. Pearson was criticized for the presence in the WACL of neo-Nazis, war criminals, and people linked to death squads and assassinations.[105] According to William H. Tucker, he “used this opportunity to fill the WACL with European Nazis—ex-officials of the Third Reich and Nazi collaborators from other countries during the war as well as new adherents to the cause—in what one journalist called ‘one of the greatest fascist blocs in postwar Europe.’”[106] In that same year, Pearson hosted the 11th annual conference of the WCAL, which included representatives of the Gladio-linked Italian Social Movement (MSI), the Liberty Lobby and the Nouvelle Ecole.[107] Pearson’s connection with other organizations continued, and as late as 1986 Covert Action criticized his continued association with James Jesus Angleton, General Robert C. Richardson and other American Security Council members.[108]

The US chapter of WACL, the United States Council for World Freedom (USCWF), was founded in 1981 by Singlaub. Singlaub, along with John Birch society members like Cleon Skousen and J. Peter Grace were also members of the Council for National Policy (CNP). Among CNP’s founding members were: Tim LaHaye, then the head of the Moral Majority, Nelson Bunker Hunt, Joseph Coors and Paul Weyrich. Members of the CNP have also included Rev. Pat Robertson, Jerry Falwell, Senator Trent Lott, former United States Attorneys General Ed Meese and John Ashcroft, gun-rights activist Larry Pratt, Col. Oliver North and philanthropist Else Prince, mother of Erik Prince, the founder of Blackwater USA. CNP members have supported legislation proposed by the Church of Scientology, and John Singlaub is also a member of the national policy board of the American Freedom Coalition, a political organization with extensive ties to the Unification Church.

On Target

On Target is the magazine of the white supremacist group, the “anti-semitic and white supremacist” British League of Rights, an offshoot of the Australian League of Rights founded in 1971. In the early 1970s, the British League came under the direction of Don Martin, a former member of the Australian Young Liberals. The General Secretary of the British League was Conservative Monday Club member Lady Jane Birdwood (1913 – 2000). Born Joan Pollock Graham, Birdwood was a far-right political activist in the United Kingdom who took part in a number of movements, and was described as the “largest individual distributor of racist and antisemitic material” in Britain.[109] Through her work with the Association of Ukrainians, she came into contact with such groups as the Anti-Bolshevik Bloc of Nations (ABN) and befriended OUN leader Yaroslav Stetsko.[110]

The Conservative Monday Club had links to Le Cercle president Brian Crozier, who created his intelligence network The 61 with funding from both the CIA and the Heritage Foundation.[111] According to David Teacher, the “co-organisers” of the Cercle were “dissident veterans of the Anglo-American intelligence community – rogue agents”: Ted Shackley; Nicholas Elliott, ex-senior man in MI6 whose close friends included James Jesus Angleton, Kim Philby and Miles Copeland; Donald Jameson a veteran of the CIA’s Directorate of Operations; and the leader of the group, Brian Crozier, a British intelligence agent and journalist who succeeded Jean Violet as chairman of Le Cercle in 1980.[112]

Crozier’s friend Frank Barnett of the National Strategy Information Center (NSIC) persuaded Richard Mellon Scaife, who funded the Heritage Foundation, to also fund a London-based CIA propaganda operation called Forum World Features (FWF). In 1965, the CIA decided to use the CCF to create a new propaganda outlet, the FWF, chaired by Crozier, which would become one of the CIA’s main covert propaganda outlets. Initial control of FWF ran via two CIA officers, one of whom was CCF President Michael Josselson. The legal and financial infrastructure for FWF was provided by one of the CIA’s “quiet channels,” millionaire John Hay Whitney, former member of the OSS, former US Ambassador to Britain and future publisher of the International Herald Tribune.[113]

The Monday Club was set up within the Conservative party in 1961 to bring together defenders of South African Apartheid and White Rhodesia, in opposition to the decolonization and immigration policies of Prime Minister Harold Macmillan. A member and later patron of the Conservative Monday Club was Julian Amery, prominent MP on the Conservative Right with a long history of extensive intelligence, who succeeded Brian Crozier as president of Le Cercle. Julian’s father Leo Amery, who was of Hungarian Jewish descent, and also an active Freemason,[114] was designated by Lord Alfred Milner to succeed him in guiding the Round Table group.[115] Leo Amery also helped draft the Balfour Declaration. Julian’s brother, John Amery, British Free Corps (BFC), a unit of the Waffen-SS made up of British and Dominion prisoners of war who had been recruited by Germany. John was eventually hanged for treason for his recruitment efforts and propaganda broadcasts for Nazi Germany.

Julian Amery attended the founding conference organized by Arthur Koestler in Berlin of the CIA-front, the Congress for Cultural Freedom, and served on its International Steering Committee. At the time, Amery was also one of the leading members of the Central and Eastern Europe Commission of the European Movement.[116] Another Monday Club associate was Amery’s Private Secretary as Housing Minister, Sir Winston Churchill. Amery would also become a consultant to BCCI, which CIA assistant director Robert Gates once referred to jokingly as the “Bank of Crooks and Criminals.”[117] Julian was also a good friend of David Stirling, founder of the SAS, with whom he helped orchestrate British involvement in the North Yemen Civil War with Saudi funding.[118]

One of the Monday Club’s earliest members was Sir John Biggs-Davison, a Conservative MP who had served on the PEU Central Council with Otto von Habsburg and Florimond Damman, founder of the Academie Européenne des Sciences Politiques (AESP) funded by Carlo Pesenti, a close friend of Le Cercle founder Antoine Pinay. Also included was George Kennedy Young, a Deputy Chief of MI6 who was involved with the CIA’s Project Ajax, the coup against Mossadeq in Iran in 1953. Another early member was Geoffrey Stewart-Smith, later a Conservative MP from 1970 to 1974, who had founded the Foreign Affairs Circle, the British section of the WACL.[119]

By 1974, the British League of Rights became the British chapter of the WACL replacing Geoffrey Stewart-Smith’s Foreign Affairs Circle, which claimed to have left due to the Anti-Communist League’s anti-semitism.[120] In 1975 the British League established an association with the Britons Publishing Company. Although not officially connected, the League of Rights had links to the neo-Nazi National Front and during the leadership of John Tyndall articles that appeared in League of Rights publications were regularly reprinted in Tyndall’s organ Spearhead.[121] Tyndall was an admirer of Sir Oswald Mosley, a devotee of Aleister Crowley and the founder of the British Union of Fascists.[122] Tyndall was a former deputy to Colin Jordan of the neo-Nazi National Socialist Movement in the early 1960s, and corresponded with Savitri Devi, renowned exponent of “esoteric hitlerlism” and a founding member of WUNS. In 1963, Tyndall eventually fell out with Jordan over Françoise Dior— the former wife of a French nobleman and the niece of the French fashion designer Christian Dior—who, though originally engaged to Tyndall, hastily married Jordan who had been released from prison before him, to avoid being expelled from Britain as an undesirable alien.

Nexus Magazine

Icke has been closely associated with antisemitic New Age periodicals such as Rainbow Ark and Nexus, which is financed by far-right activists and affiliated with the National Front.[123] In his book The Robots’ Rebellion (1994), Icke calls Nexus “incomparable” and “excellent.” Nexus’ range of topics cover “prophecies, UFOs, Big Brother, the unexplained, suppressed technology, hidden history and more.” Although formerly concerned primarily with Green issues and Third World causes, Nexus took up the subject of the U.S. Patriot movement under its new editor Duncan M. Roads.

In 1989, Roads visited Mouamar Gadaffi in Libya. According to Australian journalist David Greason, he is a close friend of Robert Pash, a supporter of Libya and the Australian contact for the Aryan Nations network in the late 1970s and distributed material of the Ku Klux Klan. Alan Myers, of Australia’s Green Left Weekly, said that Pash was also part of the Australian League of Rights.[124] In the late 1980s, Pash was the Australian distributor for Gadaffi’s Green Book, and was in contact with the National Front, acting as a conduit for their attempts to make political contacts with the Libyan regime. Among Pash’s other introductions to Libya is John Bennett, president of the Australian Civil Liberties Union, and an associate of Holocaust denier David Irving and Willis Carto. Bennet serves on the editorial committee of Carto’s Journal of Historical Review.[125]

In the mid-1990, issues of Nexus have included the call by Linda Thompson, self-proclaimed “adjutant-general” of the American militias, for a march on Washington to arrest and try Congressmen for treason. Icke appeared at a 1994 Nexus conference in Amsterdam at which Thompson was billed as a star speaker. It was Thompson who produced the Waco video that influenced Timothy McVeigh, the perpetrator of the Oklahoma City bombing in 1995. Nexus distributes the video, and even produced a special version for Europe.

Others influenced by Nexus’ pro-militia line were the leaders of the Gladio-connected Order of the Solar Temple, a UFO cult that claims to be based upon the ideals of the Knights Templar, and who referred to articles in the magazine just before they committed mass suicide in Switzerland on October 5, 1994.[126] The Solar Temple was founded in 1984 by Gladio-operative Luc Jouret with Joseph di Mambro, a member of the Ancient and Mystical Order Rosæ Crucis (AMORC), founded in 1915 by Harvey Spencer Lewis, derived from the Ordo Templi Orientis of Aleister Crowley, the godfather of twentieth-century Satanism.[127] The Solar Temple was officially recognized by Prince Rainier III of Monaco, member of the P2 Masonic lodge behind the Gladio operation, with his wife Princess Grace Kelly becoming a member.[128]

In 1981, Jouret had become acquainted with Julien Origas, founder of Renovated Order of the Temple (ORT).[129] Some reports have claimed that Origas was a Nazi SS member during WWII.[130] Origas also reconstructed the teachings his Renewed Order of the Temple (ORT) based on the I AM Religious Activity. Origas’ idea of creating the ORT was embraced by Raymond Bernard, Grand Master of AMORC and the organization’s leading figure in France in the 1970s. All but two of the purported Grand Masters of the Priory of Sion are also found on lists of alleged “Imperators” and “distinguished members” of AMORC, and most of the names found in the fictitious List of Priory of Sion Grand Masters originate from a document compiled by Raymond Bernard, a friend of Pierre Plantard, who fabricated the hoax.[131]

The ORT was closely associated with the Ordre Souverain du Temple Solaire (OSTS), which was founded at the chateau of Arginy in the Beaujolais region of France in 1952. OSTS’ origins date back to the so called “Arginy Renaissance.” In 1952, the same year that Puharich made contact with the Council of Nine, Breyer began to communicate with The Nine at Arginy, identifying them with the souls of the nine founding knights of the Knights Templar.[132] Breyer drew substantially on Alice Bailey’s ideas, and Di Mambro himself used Bailey’s Great Invocation to commence OTS ceremonies.[133] According to the Solar Temple, the star Sirius was the home of a number of Ascended Masters, also known as the Great White Brotherhood, who came to earth and inhabited Agartha.[134]

Origas was also a member the “L’Ordre Vert” (Green Order) and the Internationale Luciferienne (“Luciferian International”).[135] Andre Wautier, a French author and Theosophist, claimed that in 1945 members of the Thule Society and the Brotherhood Polaires founded a new Order, the Green Order, whose adherents honor Lucifer, Mithra, Kali, and Lilith.[136] On May 14, 1975, the representatives of the various Luciferian associations were present in Brussels, made a pact with Lug to prepare the advent of a “Luciferian International.”[137]

Nexus’ British agent, who, like the Rainbow Ark group, was at the launch of Icke’s book, unselfconsciously provided further shocking details of this growing anti-Semitic propaganda network. Sitting in Nexus’ UK office, he eagerly displayed his copy of the Protocols of Zion, as reported Matthew Kalman and John Murray, in a 1995 article for the New Statesman & Society, and spoke admiringly of David Irving. As he began to describe the “global conspiracy,” the authors explained, he claimed to have helped Icke with a chapter in his forthcoming book, which also called into question the facts of the holocaust.[138]

The editor of London-based New Age magazine Rainbow Ark has steered Icke toward meetings with militant US patriots, and recommended Bloomfield Books. The same editor has hinted at their manipulation of Icke, by suggesting Icke wasn’t “ready for this yet,” referring to a spoof document entitled Further Protocols, outlining plans of “secret Zionism” for the “Goyim.”[139] Rainbow Ark maintains an influential relationship with Icke, printing excerpts of his work and helping to organize his lectures and meetings. The magazine betrays a wide range of far-right links. In particular is Donald Martin, of the British League of Rights who has published in Spearhead, the magazine of John Tyndall, leader of the British National Party, who regards Martin as his ally in opposing immigration.[140]  In 2004, Tyndall joined in signing the New Orleans Protocol, written by David Duke, former Grand Wizard of the Ku Klux Klan. In an attempt to overcome the divisiveness that had followed the death of William Pierce in 2002, Duke presented a unity proposal for peace within the movement. His proposal, now known as the New Orleans Protocol, pledged adherents to a pan-European outlook, recognizing national and ethnic allegiance, but stressing the value of all European peoples. The Protocol was signed by and sponsored by a number of white supremacist leaders and organizations, including Don Black and Willis Carto.

Aviary

Vallely’s MindWar article, co-authored with Michael Aquino, argued for the application of Psychological Operations (PSYOPS) and “psychotronics” at the national level both in the target country and at home. Their paper was inspired by an article written earlier in the year, titled “The New Mental Battlefield,” by John B. Alexander, one of the chief architects of the CIA’s remote viewing program known as Operation Stargate. Vallely and Aquino wrote:

Psychotronic research is in its infancy, but the U.S. Army already possesses an operational weapons systems designed to do what LTC Alexander would like ESP to do – except that this weapons system uses existing communications media. It seeks to map the minds of neutral and enemy individuals and then to change them in accordance with U.S. national interests. It does this on a wide scale, embracing military units, regions, nations, and blocs. In its present form it is called Psychological Operations (PSYOP).

Alexander and C.B. Scott Jones are members of what is called “the Aviary,” a group of intelligence and Department of Defense officers and scientists involved MILABS operations—black operations by rogue military-intelligence units who are said to stalk, harass, terrorize, kidnap, drug, gang-rape and mind-rape innocent civilians, using hypnotic mind-control programming to implant a false post-hypnotic “memory” that the episode was an “alien abduction.”[141] Each member of the Aviary bears a bird’s name. Alexander, the leader, is “Penguin” while Jones is “Falcon” and Hal Puthoff is “Owl”. Others include Ron Pandolphi (“Pelican”), who is a PhD in physics and works at the Rocket and Missile section of the Office of the Deputy Director of Science and Technology, CIA.

Alexander was director of the Advanced Theoretical Physics Working Group (ATPWG), which also included United States Army Colonel Philip J. Corso. SRI remote-viewer Hal Puthoff and Corso have both claimed that the ATPWG “operated at the highest levels of government.”[142] Corso was a former military intelligence officer under General Charles Willoughby, ASC member, Shickshinny Knight and Black Eagle Fund conspirator implicated in the JFK assassination.[143] In 1961, he became Chief of the Pentagon’s Foreign Technology desk in Army Research and Development. In this position, Corso claims to have supposedly been assigned to oversee the reverse engineering material recovered from crashed alien spacecraft, resulting in several technological breakthroughs, including accelerated particle beam devices, fiber optics, lasers, computer chips and Kevlar. With help from William J. Birnes, Corso published The Day After Roswell in 1997, with a forward from Strom Thurmond. Their book claims that an extraterrestrial spacecraft crashed near Roswell, New Mexico, in 1947 and was recovered by the United States government who then sought to cover up the evidence. The book concludes with reproduction of information about Project Horizon, a 1950s US Army plan for bases on the moon.

Vallely has been close with former CIA director James Woolsey. According to Jack Sarfati, Woolsey was working in 2001-2012 with Steven Schwartz, a remote-viewer with links to the Institute of Noetic Sciences (IONS).[144] Woolsey appears to be close to UFO cultist Joe Firmage, Catherine Austin Fitts, and John Petersen, who all belong to the Arlington Institute, non-profit think tank specializing in predictive modeling of future events, that is, futures studies.[145] Petersen was a naval flight officer in the United States Navy, and has worked at the National War College, the Institute for National Security Studies, the Office of the Secretary of Defense, and the National Security Council at the White House. Firmage wrote an online book titled Project Kairos, which claimed that aliens had occasionally contributed to human scientific achievements, most recently in the 1947 Roswell crash. Fitts blew the whistle on the missing trillions at the Pentagon and collaborated with Michael Ruppert in exposing CIA drug trafficking.

In 1999, Joe Firmage, quit USWeb, the US$2 billion company he co-founded, to promote what he says could be “the most important news event in 2000 years,” humanity’s potential rendezvous with extraterrestrials.[146] Firmage produced a 600-page manifesto entitled The Truth, posted on the Internet, which contained documents from a source he called the “Deep Throat of Cyberspace,” which he claimed may shed new light on UFOs and the Roswell incident, including what purport to be memos on the subject from President Truman and scientists Albert Einstein and Robert Oppenheimer.[147] Firmage also associated with John B. Alexander. There are also indications that it was his money that was used to finance the research of Robert and Ryan Wood on the Majestic 12 documents.[148]

And at Edgar Mitchell’s IONS, Firmage was offering presentations with Daniel Sheehan and John Mack, an American psychiatrist known for his interest in alien abduction.[149] Firmage provided a $1 million contribution to the State of the World Forum, convened in 1995 by Gorbachev, Sheehan and his best friend from Harvard Divinity School, Jim Garrison, a member of IONS and president of the Esalen Institute’s Soviet-American Exchange Program.[150] “Over the next 20 to 30 years, we are going to end up with world government,” announced Garrison, “It’s inevitable.”[151] The Forum called for the transfer of all armaments to the UN, the initiation of global taxation, stricter population control programs, and the elimination of nationalism and national borders. Founding co-chairs included George Shultz, and Ted Turner, who brought in CNN to provide the forum’s initial global live broadcast with Gorbachev, Margaret Thatcher and George Bush. Jane Goodall joined as a co-chair in 1996. Financial contributions were provided by the Carnegie Corporation of New York, the Rockefeller Brothers Fund, Archer Daniel Midlands and NASDAQ. Participants included actor Michael Douglas, and New Age personalities like Richard Baker, Abbot of the Crestone Zen Center, Jean Houston and Ken Wilber.[152] David Rockefeller, Henry Kissinger, Zbigniew Brzezinski and Maurice Strong were among the participants in meetings.[153]

Fox News

Fox’s founder, Knight of Malta Rupert Murdoch, has also been a member of the Cato Institute founded by the Koch brothers.[154] Murdoch has a long history of lending the weight of his media empire to the service of propaganda for CIA covert operations, beginning with the silent coup against the government of Cough Whitlam in 1975. Murdoch was also connected the activities of the Secret Team, particularly through its connections to the CIA’s Nugan Hand and the US Navy’s super-secret Task Force 157, which was organized by Henry Kissinger.[155] Although some records relating to Murdoch remain classified, several documents that have been released indicate that he and Richard Mellon Scaife were considered sources of financial and other support for President Ronald Reagan’s hard-line Central American policies, including the CIA’s covert war in Nicaragua.[156]

Murdoch was also close personal friends with Roy Cohn, who first introduced him to President Ronald Reagan in 1983. Cohn had one interest when he brought Murdoch and Reagan together, “and that was that at least one major publisher in this country… would become and remain pro-Reagan,” he wrote in a letter to senior White House aides in 1987. The letter noted that Murdoch then owned the “New York Post—over one million, third largest and largest afternoon; New York Magazine; Village Voice; San Antonio Express; Houston Ring papers; and now the Boston Herald; and internationally influential London Times, etc.” According to Cohn, “Mr. Murdoch has performed to the limit up through and including today.” Michael McManus, the Deputy Assistant to the President, responded to Cohn to share their “high regard” for Murdoch” and the appreciation they had for the “importance of what he is doing.”[157]

In 1994, Murdoch described a plan to Reed Hundt, then chairman of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) under President Bill Clinton, to launch Fox News as a radical new television network. Unlike the three established networks, who catered to the same centrist audience, Murdoch’s network would follow the model of the tabloids that he published in Australia and England. Hundt told Jane Mayer, “What he was really saying was that he was going after a working-class audience. He was going to carve out a base—what would become the Trump base.”[158] Hundt recalled the conversation. “This person’s made a huge mark in two other countries, and he had entered our country and was saying, ‘I’m going to break up the three-party oligopoly that has governed the most important medium of communication for politics and policy in this country since the Second World War.’ It was like a scene from ‘Faust.’ What came to mind was Mephistopheles.”[159]

It was Reagan’s initial FCC chairman Mark Fowler’ deregulation of the industry and approval of Murdoch’s acquisition of local TV stations that allowed him to form his fourth major network: Fox.[160] In the following decade, in 1996, Fox established the Fox News Channel, which Murdoch boasts that he launched as a counterbalance to the “liberal bias” of CNN. Murdoch hired former Republican Party media consultant and CNBC executive Roger Ailes as Fox News’ founding CEO. Ailes was a media consultant for Republican presidents Richard Nixon, Ronald Reagan, and George H.W. Bush, and for Rudy Giuliani's first mayoral campaign. In 1987 and 1988, Ailes was credited along with Roger Stone’s associate, Southern Strategy pioneer and master “dirty tricks” politics, Lee Atwater, with guiding George H.W. Bush to victory in the Republican primaries and the later come-from-behind victory over Michael Dukakis.

Dark Genius, an Ailes biography by Kerwin Swint, traces the history of Fox News to Ailes’ involvement in a national conservative television news network, Television News Inc. (TVN), funded by Joseph Coors to counter the “liberal” media. TVN came into being around the same time as the Heritage Foundation, and was founded by Coors, Jack Wilson and Paul Weyrich. The project was designed to inject a far-right slant into local news broadcasts by providing news clips that stations could use without credit and for a fraction of the actual costs of production. Thus, Wilson explained, TVN would “gradually, subtly, slowly” inject “our philosophy in the news.”[161] The network was, in the words of a news director who quit in protest, a “propaganda machine.”[162] Swint has shown that such Fox News slogans and buzz phrases as “Fair and Balanced,” “We Report, You Decide,” and “We’re an alternative to the ‘liberal’ media” were derived from the mouths of TVN’s founders.[163]

Regnery Publishing

The rise of the conservative “alternative” news sources can be traced back to the founding of the newspaper Human Events in 1944, Regnery Publishing in 1947 and William F. Buckley Jr.’s National Review in 1955. But, according to Max Boot of the Washington Post, “it did not become a mass phenomenon until the debut of Rush Limbaugh’s national radio show, in 1988, followed in 1996 by the launch of the Fox News Channel and the Drudge Report.” Those remain three of the most popular outlets of the right, notes Boot, but they have been joined by radio hosts such as Mark Levin and Michael Savage, authors Ann Coulter and Dinesh D’Souza, and websites such as Breitbart, TheBlaze, Infowars and Newsmax.[164]

Alfred S. Regnery, the son of Henry Regnery, became president of Regnery Publishing from 1986 to 2003. Alfred has also served as chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Intercollegiate Studies Institute (ISI) and as trustee of the Philadelphia Society. In 1983, Edwin Meese asked Alfred to informally head the administration’s anti-pornography campaign, when he was in the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP). This was despite the fact that in 1976, Alfred and his wife fabricated an incident which they reported to the police, claiming that his wife, who was eight months pregnant at the time, “had been raped by a white male and a black male and had been stabbed.” Shortly after the alleged assault, the police searched Regnery’s home and found a cache of pornography, including “several catalogues for various prophylactic devices and erotica.” The police also reported finding “a book with numerous color photos of various sexual gratification, including oral sex and placing of objects into the vagina,” a German sex magazine, and a copy of Penthouse. [165]  In the 2000s, Alfred left his post as president of Regnery Publishing to become the publisher of The American Spectator. Alfred was succeeded by Alex Novak, son of Robert Novak, infamous for outing CIA agent Valerie Plame.

One of Regnery’s publishing lines is the Politically Incorrect Guide (P.I.G.) series, which present conservative commentary of issues such as the American Civil War, the British empire, the Roman Catholic Church, Islam, immigration, and climate change. Regnery Publishing has had over 60 books reach the New York Times bestseller list. Regnery has also published Oliver North, Sarah Palin, Newt Gingrich, Ann Coulter, Michelle Malkin, Robert Spencer, David Horowitz and Oliver Stone. Coulter was also published in Human Events, which had also published the works of Murray Rothbard, and other pioneers of the libertarian movement. Regular writers for Human Events included Robert Novak, Pat Buchanan, as well as Newt Gingrich, Paul Craig Roberts and Sean Hannity. Paul Craig Roberts has contributed columns to Willis Carto’s American Free Press (AFP), which continues in the spirit of the Liberty Lobby’s The Spotlight. The magazine has also run columns by Joe Sobran, James Traficant, and Ron Paul. Writers for the newspaper also include Michael Collins Piper and James P. Tucker, Jr., a longtime Spotlight reporter known for this coverage of the Bilderberg Group. AFP focuses on conspiracy theory, nationalist economics, and anti-Zionism. It continues to promote alternative theories to the 9-11 attacks and support presidential candidates favoring individual liberty.

However, Regnery has been in the habit of creating bestsellers by artificially boosting sales, a practice that is common among conservative booksellers. SarahPAC spent $63,000 to purchase Going Rogue, and according to a Federal Election Commission filing, America By Heart was offered to donors with a $100 contribution.[166] Mitt Romney boosted sales of his book by requiring various schools, think tanks, and institutions to buy thousands of copies in exchange for his speeches.[167] When Regnery published Mark Levin’s 2009 book, Liberty and Tyranny, the Senate Conservatives Fund PAC spent $427,000 to buy copies which they distributed to donors who gave them $25 or more to elect conservative candidates.[168] The Conservative Books Club gave away copies of Ann Coulter’s book Godless: The Church of Liberalism if you bought two other books.[169] Regnery donates books to nonprofit groups affiliated with Eagle Publishing, which also owns Regnery, and gives the books as incentives to subscribers to newsletters published by Eagle. Though Godless retails for $27.95, a free copy was available with a subscription to Human Events, which publishes Coulter’s articles.[170]

DisinfoWars

Together, this network cultivated bigotry through paranoia about “political correctness” and “liberal bias” in the mainstream media, to channel pent-up frustrations towards what they called the “establishment,” to denounce “Big Government” in order to advance neoliberal policies. This agenda culminated in the rise of the Tea Party, a movement bankrolled by the Koch brothers and popularized by Fox News.[171] According to Alex Jones, the Tea Party was started by him and Ron Paul supporters.[172] The Tea Party was mobilized by the notion of a conspiracy inspired by the writings of right-wing conspiracy authors like Eustace Mullins, who was a guest on Alex Jones’ radio show InfoWars.

Jones calls himself a paleoconservative, whose early sources were the Patriot Movement, John Birch Society and the CNP. In an interview with Joel Skousen, nephew of conservative author and commentator W. Cleon Skousen of the John Birch Society, Jones claimed, “There’s a left-wing CFR-funded conspiracy theory that says some group called the CNP runs everything. It’s a total diversion… Absolutely, [Howard Phillips and Richard Viguerie are excellent CNP mentor]. And Howard Phillips has been fighting the New World Order forever.”[173] Although not openly advocating racism against Blacks, Jones has nevertheless employed the characteristic argument of the Klan, that political correctness denies Whites the right to “defend” their own rights and their “culture.”[174]

Jones has actually admitted on multiple occasions that he comes from a CIA and army special forces family: “Let me just tell you something. I grew up in Dallas, Texas, with my family doing things like, uh, helping take in East German defectors, okay? Whenever I go to a family reunion, half of the people in the room are former or retired CIA. And do you know what they tell me? They tell me I’m dead on, a hundred percent absolutely right.”[175] Jones claims that he’s often asked by recently retired generals, or former special forces colonels, or current Delta Force people—some of them have been on his show—they ask what intelligence agency he’s with. While his answer is consistently no, Jones explains: “On the other hand, I do have branches of different agencies actually trying to couple with what we’re doing to resist the globalists. And I’m not working with some agency in an official capacity taking orders. It doesn’t work like that. It’s just people that also wanna resist this. It’s like V for Vendatta where everybody doesn’t need to get orders. They’ll just show up at the same time.”[176]

Alex Jones’ films Endgame: Blueprint for Global Enslavement and New World Order have been produced by Disinformation Company. The bizarre irony is that, in a Discordian sense, Disinformation seems to produce just that: disinformation. Richard Metzger, who is inspired by Aleister Crowley, and who maintains strong ties with the Discordians and chaos magicians, founded the Disinformation Company to be a “magick business,” and explained:

Magick—defined by Aleister Crowley as the art and science of causing change in conformity with will—has always been the vital core of all of the projects we undertake at The Disinformation Company. Whether via our website, publishing activities or our TV series, the idea of being able to influence reality in some beneficial way is what drives our activities. I’ve always considered The Disinformation Company Ltd. and our various activities to constitute a very complex spell.[177]

In 2003, Metzger put together The Book of Lies, named after Crowley’s book of the same name. Subtitled The Disinformation Guide to Magick and the Occult, the book is basically an homage to William S. Burroughs, and an anthology of occultism, chaos magic and technopaganism that features almost the entire pantheon of its modern-day exponents, including Robert Anton Wilson, Terence McKenna, Hakim Bey, Gary Lachman, Mark Pesce, Genesis P-Orridge, Phil Hine, Erik Davis, Daniel Pinchbeck, Tracy Twyman, and T. Allen Greenfield. Michael Moynihan contributed an article titled, “Julius Evola’s Combat Manual for a Revolt Against the Modern World,” as well as an exclusive interview, “Anton LaVey: A Fireside Chat with the Black Pope.”

Ancient Aliens

Alex Jones, like David Icke, has been a frequent guest on Art Bell’s show on Coast to Coast AM, which featured the entire pantheon of disinformers connected with the intelligence community. Starting in 1997, Col. John B. Alexander became a key figure on Coast to Coast AM, which became widely popular for its discussion of the conspiracies, paranormal and UFOs. According to The Washington Post in its February 23, 1997, edition, Bell was at the time America’s highest-rated late-night radio talk show host, broadcast on 328 stations. According to The Oregonian in its June 22 edition of the same year, Coast to Coast AM with Bell was on 460 stations. At its initial peak in popularity, Coast to Coast AM was syndicated on more than 500 radio stations and claimed 15 million listeners nightly.

Since 1998, Coast to Coast AM has been controlled by Clear Channel Communications, founded by Lowry Mays and Red McCombs. Mays was a major financier of the George H.W. Bush Presidential Library Foundation, presided by Brent Scowcroft. McCombs, in March 2011, together with Admiral Bobby Ray Inman, a former deputy director of the CIA and head of the Office of Naval Intelligence (ONI) and the NSA, as well as John Ashcroft, took over Erik Prince’s Blackwater. McCombs succeeded Prince as chairman.[178]

The show featured the pantheon of denizens of Project Stargate, including Ed Dames, Richard C. Hoagland, Terence McKenna, Graham Hancock, Zecharia Sitchin, Dannion Brinkley, David John Oates, and Robert Bigelow. Philip Corso appeared with Alexander in 1997. Other guests associated with the CNP and John Birch Society include G. Edward Griffin, Charles R. Smith, CNP member Jerome Corsi, Jeffrey NyQuist, Joel Skousen, Malachi Martin, Father Nicholas Gruner and William Jasper. Gruner, who denounced the “New World Order” and its New Age “one-world religion,” has appeared in at least one John Birch Society film. Rama Coomaraswamy was invited in 2006. John Loftus was invited in 2005 and 2012. Catherine Austin Fitts has appeared dozens of times on the show. Frequent guests included Robert and Ryan Wood, whose research on MJ-12 documents was financed by Joe Firmage.[179] Well-known JFK researcher Mark Lane, who became involved in the Liberty Lobby. In 1978, Lane was evacuated from the Jonestown cult premises, along with CIA agent Richard Dwyer, just before the mass suicide began.[180] Dan Aykroyd was also a guest.

In January 2003, following Art Bell’s retirement, Noory took over as weeknight host of Coast to Coast AM. Noory has also appeared in the History Channel series Ancient Aliens and in Beyond Belief, a subscription-based online video series presented by gaia.com. Gaia, Inc., named after the New Age concept of “Gaia,” was formerly Gaiam, an American alternative media video streaming service and online community focusing on fringe-science and yoga. Gaiam was founded by Jirka Rysavy, a Czech immigrant who moved to Boulder in the 1980s. In 2016, Gaiam sold its interest in the yoga business to Sequential Brands Group for $167 million and rebranded itself as Gaia, where Rysavy remains the CEO. Considered the Netflix of New Age content, Gaia has a collection of more than 8,000 films streamed by 466,000 members in 180 countries.[181]

The Ancient Aliens series was produced by Kevin Burns and his company Prometheus Entertainment. In 2002, Prometheus Entertainment developed a revival of Playboy After Dark, a television show hosted by Hugh Hefner between 1969 and 1970. Four years later, Prometheus Entertainment in association with The History Channel and Lucasfilm, produced Star Wars: The Legacy Revealed, that earned three Emmy Award nominations. The documentary focuses Star Wars’ relevance today and the history and ideas that inspired it, making connections to Greek mythology and the use of the model of the hero’s journey, as discussed in the book The Hero With a Thousand Faces, by Joseph Campbell, who worked closely with Paul Mellon and who was a key figure at the Eranos conferences and then Esalen. The company also produced The Curse of Oak Island, as well as the reality TV series Kendra on Top, and other non-fiction series and specials. Kendra on Top follows the day-to-day life of former Playboy model and start of the The Girls Next Door, which focuses on the lives of Hugh Hefner’s girlfriends who live with him at the Playboy Mansion.

“As with most of the field of fringe history,” explains Jason Covalito, “Gaia has racists in its ranks and bends toward white nationalist views of history.”[182] When David Wilcock, host on his massively popular show “Cosmic Disclosure” on Gaia, resigned from Gaia in 2018, a leaked copy of his resignation letter shared concerns that he wasn’t getting paid enough, and about the “Luciferian” beliefs that he alleged Gaia was trying to get him to promote. His complaint was focused on first episode of Gaia’s Ancient Civilizations, which he said, “is literally saying that God is Evil and Lucifer is God – who (ahem) also happens to be a reptilian alien. Seriously?” This is despite the fact that Wilcock also participate in an Ancient Aliens episode making similar points. The show, called “The Satan Conspiracy,” claimed that the Fallen Angels corrupted the human genome and embarked on a diabolical plot to control the world, but insists Satan a benefactor, a Promethean figure sharing his wisdom with humanity.

According The History Channel Ancient Aliens series was produced by Kevin Burns and his company Prometheus Entertainment. In 2002, Prometheus Entertainment developed a revival of Playboy After Dark, a television show hosted by Hugh Hefner between 1969 and 1970. Four years later, Prometheus Entertainment in association with The History Channel and Lucasfilm, produced Star Wars: The Legacy Revealed, that earned three Emmy Award nominations. The documentary focuses Star Wars’ relevance today and the history and ideas that inspired it, making connections to Greek mythology and the use of Joseph Campbell’s model of the hero’s journey, as discussed in the book The Hero With a Thousand Faces. The company also produced The Curse of Oak Island, as well as the reality TV series Kendra on Top, and other non-fiction series and specials. Kendra on Top follows the day-to-day life of former Playboy model and start of the The Girls Next Door, which focuses on the lives of Hugh Hefner’s girlfriends who live with him at the Playboy Mansion.to the episode’s narrator, “The churches created this evil monster out of Satan, perhaps even out of thin air, when in reality, Satan's entire mission was about bringing knowledge and wisdom to humanity, and in fact, caring about humanity, not seeking to destroy humankind.” The narrator also wonders about the ultimate significance of the Book of Revelation:

Extraterrestrial combat? Could the Bible’s Book of Revelation really be referring to a galactic war? One waged over the ultimate fate of mankind? If so, who or what is Satan? Is he a demon, the Devil, the personification of evil? Or was he, in fact, a benevolent extraterrestrial being? One who stole technology from alien beings in an effort to lead early man out of darkness and ignorance? If so, then why did Satan become a force for evil? Does he seek to punish mankind for siding with our Creator against him? Perhaps he is testing us, using alien technology to modify human behavior in ways we have yet to understand.

Patty Greer, an award-winning filmmaker focused on crop circles, was the subject of a lawsuit by Gaia, who claimed she was spreading false stories about the company’s Luciferian agenda. Members of the Gaia Employee Movement, often referred to as #GEM, frequently post on Glassdoor.com, where anonymous users have written that Gaia has been infiltrated by Satanists. When Gaia ambassador Sondra Sneed heard about the accusations, she turned to the channeled information for answers:

Well, this is a complex subject, because Lucifer is not who people think Lucifer is,” the voice called Source says through Sneed. “Lucifer is a guiding light in a great struggle between man and destiny. … In one sense, Gaia’s work is specifically to change the story so that the story gets told in as many ways as possible. If this is an agenda that is counter to human survival, there would have been those in the know who would have shut it down.[183]

Wilcock and Graham Hancock had a falling-out over the content of the show. In Fingerprints of the Gods (1995), without stating so explicitly, Hancock attempts to prove the historical accounts of Theosophy by attempting to prove that a universal cataclysm took place, presumably the sinking of Atlantis, and that numerous cultures of the ancient world report the occurrence of “white gods” (a.k.a. Aryans) who taught them the arts of civilization, the proof of which are the various enigmatic monuments around the world.

Similarly, the Ancient Civilizations episode quotes Sitchin-style French author Anton Parks that the “good” Sumerian god, Enki, was a Reptilian alien who was represented as the Serpent in the Garden of Eden. Satan, he claims is actually a “friend” of humans, though the Jews made a “deliberate choice” to venerate instead the evil Sumerian god Enlil. The narrator concludes that a conspiracy deliberately advances Yahweh/Enlil as a false god to keep us under Enlil’s control. According to Graham Hancock, Hancock is quoted as saying, “That entity that we have been taught to call god and to worship is no such thing.”[184]

Center for Security Policy

According to John C. Haich, Dr. Richard Hoagland, an American author known for his conspiracy theories about NASA, lost alien civilizations on the Moon and on Mars, is an agent of influence for the Center for Security Policy (CSP), where Paul E. Vallely serves as military committee chairman.[185] In his position as FOX News military analyst from 2001 to 2007, Vallely unwaveringly promoted the US wars of naked aggression against Iraq and provided the personal defense of Donald Rumsfeld in the media as well as initiated a cover-up of the Valerie Plame affair. Vallely has continued to serve in disinformation of all kinds. Vallely and Woolsey shared membership on the neoconservative CSP, whose activities are focused on exposing and researching perceived jihadist threats to the United States. The CSP, which uses the ASC’s motto “Peace Through Strength,” and which is funded by the Olin, Scaife, Carthage, Bradley, and a few other right-wing foundations.[186] The CSP was founded in 1988 by Frank Gaffney, a member of the CNP, who worked for Richard Perle during the Reagan administration. Major weapons contractors such as Boeing, General Atomics, General Dynamics, Litton, Lockheed Martin, Northrop Grumman, Thiokol, and TRW have also provided financial support.[187] CSP Advisory Council includes Heritage Foundation founder Edwin Feulner, and neoconservatives Midge Decter, Jeane Kirkpatrick, Dick Cheney, Douglas Feith, Richard Perle, Donald Rumsfeld, James Schlesinger, Paul Wolfowitz and Daniel Pipes.[188] Also on the CSP Advisory Council is Knight of Malta Joseph E. Schmitz, a former executive of Blackwater, the infamous American private military firm founded by CNP member Erik Prince.

Vallely and Woolsey have also been associated with the Intelligence Summit, whose focus is on terrorism and jihad.[189] The Summit was founded in 2006 by John Loftus, former U.S. government prosecutor and former Army intelligence officer. He began working for the US Department of Justice in 1977 and in 1979 joined their Office of Special Investigations, which was charged with prosecuting and deporting Nazi war criminals in the US. Loftus is an author of numerous books on the CIA-Nazi connection including The Belarus Secret, Unholy trinity: how the Vatican's Nazi networks betrayed western intelligence to the Soviets, and The Secret War Against the Jews, both of which have extensive material on the Bush-Rockefeller-Nazi connection.

The Intelligence Summit is a powerful, secret organization of top intelligence officers from around the world. Several former CIA directors, former Mossad chiefs, former MI6 heads, former US Air Force Generals and other top intelligence officials are part of its leadership. The Chairman of the Intelligence Summit is a top secret person, whose identity is never revealed and his name withheld for security reasons. The list of speakers and board members includes Richard Perle and another notorious fabricator, Michael Ledeen.[190] The Advisory Council included James Woolsey, John Deutsch, another former CIA director, and Robert Spencer the director, Jihad Watch. In 2006, the Summit was exposed for ties to the Russian mafia through the Summit’s long-time financier Russian Zionist oligarch Michael Cherney, who has been repeatedly linked with Solntsevskaya.[191] In 2003, Cherney founded the Jerusalem Summit, attended by Richard Perle and Frank Gaffney, Ehud Olmert and Benjamin Netanyahu.

In 2003, Gaffney wrote an article on alleged Muslim Brotherhood infiltration for FrontPage magazine, the media arm of the David Horowitz Freedom Center, established with funding from groups including the John M. Olin Foundation, the Bradley Foundation and the Scaife Foundation.[192] The center was founded by David Horowitz, whose works are published by Regnery Publishing. From 1956–75, Horowitz was an outspoken adherent of the New Left and a close friend Huey P. Newton, founder of the Black Panther Party, but later rejected leftism and founded Students for Academic Freedom to oppose what he believed to be political correctness and leftist orientation in academia. Founded in 1988, the David Horowitz Freedom Center is one of the main organizations that “helped spread bigoted ideas into American life,” according to the Southern Poverty Law Center.[193] In 2014–2015, Horowitz provided $250,000 in funding to the Dutch right-wing nationalist Party for Freedom of Geert Wilders, who also inspired Anders Behring Breivik, the Norwegian far-right terrorist who committed the 2011 Norway attacks.[194]

A fellow at the Freedom Center is Ben Shapiro, who was editor-at-large of Breitbart between 2012 and 2016, and serves as editor emeritus for The Daily Wire, which he founded, and hosts The Ben Shapiro Show.[195] The social network Telegram has been an online gathering point for supporters of the Canadian “Freedom Convoy” against Covid restrictions, for influencers like Shapiro, to collect funds for the protesters, while conservative media like Fox News in the US, and Rebel News and the Toronto Sun in Canada, have been serving as the protest’s media outlets.[196]

The David Horowitz Freedom Center has also supported Rebel News, often cast as Canada’s version of Breitbart, founded in 2015 by former Sun News Network personalities Ezra Levant and Brian Lilley.[197] In 1994, Levant enrolled in an internship arranged by the libertarian Koch Summer Fellow Program in Washington, DC. He worked for the Koch-funded Fraser Institute in 1995. In 1996, Levant worked with neoconservative David Frum to organize the “Winds of Change” conference in Calgary, an early attempt to encourage the merger of Reform Party of Canada and Progressive Conservative Party of Canada. Though unsuccessful, the conference opened the way for the formation of the Conservative Party of Canada in 2003. Levant had supported Preston Manning’s United Alternative initiative in 1999, and was one of the leaders of the movement to create the Canadian Alliance as an attempt to broaden the party’s base.

Under Levant, who is Jewish, The Rebel has been accused of being a platform for the far-right anti-Muslim ideology known as counter-jihad.[198] Former Sun News reporter Faith Goldy later joined the outlet. Gavin McInnes, founder of the far-right men’s organization Proud Boys, was also a contributor. Many of The Rebel’s contributors announced their departure or were fired following Goldy’s prominent coverage of Unite the Right rally, and her interview with The Daily Stormer.

Alt-Right

Alt-right personality Lauren Southern—who worked for Rebel News until March 2017—her fiancée Martin Sellner and Brittany Pettibone, travelled to Russia in early June 2018 to meet with Russian ideologue Alexander Dugin, known as “Putin’s Rasputin.” [199] Dugin was the true architect of the alt-right. Dugin’s objective is part of a plan based on his occult philosophy, of pitting Hyperborea, representing Russia and its Eurasian allies, against Atlantis, represented by America and Nato. Dugin, whose plan is to sow chaos wherever possible to undermine Western hegemony, saw an opportunity to exploit America’s volatile race divide. Where Dugin proposed various strategies for different countries in the Foundations of Geopolitics on how to combat American influence or to gain allies, he prescribed the need for the Russian special services and their allies “to provoke all forms of instability and separatism within the borders of the United States.”[200] Dugin adds:

It is especially important to introduce geopolitical disorder into internal American activity, encouraging all kinds of separatism and ethnic, social and racial conflicts, actively supporting all dissident movements–extremist, racist, and sectarian groups, thus destabilizing internal political processes in the U.S. It would also make sense simultaneously to support isolationist tendencies in American politics…[201]

A protegée of Raymond Abellio’s pupil, Jean Parvulesco, Dugin was also a close friend of Gladio-operative Claudio Mutti, who joined GRECE member Jean-Francois Thiriart’s Young Europe. Mutti was also a close friend of Luc Jouret, who founded the cult of the Solar Temple.[202] Mutti, was also appointed Emir in the notorious Murabitun Movement, a crypt-Masonic and fascist organization founded by a Scottish convert to Islam named Ian Dallas, a.k.a. Sheikh Abdalqadir al-Murabit.[203] Dugin also works closely with Christian Bouchet, a high initiate of Memphis-Misraim, who claimed to be the head of the OTO in France.[204] Bouchet has been described as “one of the principal promoters of satanic thought in France.”[205] Dugin is also associated with Kerry Bolton, founder of the satanic Black Order, and the international distributor for the English-based Order of Nine Angles (O9A).

Inspired by his mentors Jean Parvulesco and Raymond Abellio, Dugin’s plan for accelerating the End Times expands on the Priory of Sion aspirations of the reign of Nostradamus’ Grand Monarch, to be fulfilled with the “Consecration of Russia” prophesied in the Third Secret of Fatima. Stephan Chalandon and Philip Coppens, detail what connects Abellio and Parvulesco’s synarchism, the Three Secrets of Fatima, and their own vision for the future of Russia, and describing them as New Agers building “An Age of Aquarius.”[206] Coppens is a Belgian author who focused on areas of fringe science and alternative history and connections between UFO cults and the extreme right. Coppens has been featured on Nexus, Atlantis Rising, and New Dawn magazines and appeared on many episodes of the History Channel’s Ancient Aliens series. He served as the primary researcher for The Stargate Conspiracy, by Lynn Picknett and Clive Prince, a book about the CIA’s remote-viewing program Project Stargate.[207] Picknett and Prince are also authors of The Turin Shroud, The Templar Revelation, and The Sion Revelation, the last of which explores the connections of the Priory of Sion mythos and synarchism.

Bolton extolled Dugin’s prescription for a “multipolar” world in an article for New Dawn magazine, titled “Putin, Russia, & the Rise of a New Era.” New Dawn, which hails itself as “The World’s Most Unusual Magazine,” focuses on New Age topics, alternative medicines, extraterrestrials, and “alternative news and views on global trends and world affairs.” Their “About” page features endorsements from Philip K. Dick, Jose Argüelles, and Dugin himself who described the magazine as: “one of the best sources of realistic information on the state of things in our world as it nears its inevitable and predicted end.”[208] Referring to the prophecy of Nostradamus, Bolton notes that a commentator in New Dawn magazine wrote, “the rise of Putin had mystical implications that could impact on the world in an epochal way: Putin’s inauguration as Prime Minister on 9 August 1999 occurred during the week of the solar eclipse and the planetary alignment of the Grand Cross, ‘a highly auspicious astrological event… traditionally held to be the end of an epoch.’”[209]

Chalandon and Coppens’ article was published in the Occidental Quarterly, a white nationalist and self-described “pro-Western” publication sponsored by Henry Regnery’s nephew, William Regnery II. Effectively, the alt-right was again a creation of the Regnery family, which the Southern Poverty Law Center described as “a right-wing publishing dynasty that wields tremendous influence among both mainstream conservatives and far-right extremists.”[210]  In 2005, with Samuel T. Francis, William Regnery II founded the National Policy Institute (NPI), a think tank dedicated to “promot[ing] the American majority’s unique historical, cultural, and biological inheritance.”[211] The founding of the NPI was supported with a grant from the Pioneer Fund.[212]

Richard B. Spencer, the most popular figure in the alt-right movement, attracted the attention Regnery, who eventually took over the NPI. Until October 2016, Spencer was married to Canadian-Russian scholar Nina Kouprianova, who has translated into English some of the articles and books of Dugin, including The Fourth Political Theory and Martin Heidegger, which was published by Spencer’s Radix. Both she and Spencer have appeared on Russia Today, Putin’s propaganda arm, to defend Russian actions in Ukraine. Spencer calls Russia “the most powerful white power in the world” and admires Putin’s authoritarianism.[213] The preface to Dugin’s Martin Heidegger was written by Paul Gottfried. The Occidental Quarterly and Radix both publish articles by Kerry Bolton, founder of the satanic Black Order, and the international distributor for the English-based Order of Nine Angles (O9A). Although Jewish, Gottfried described Bolton’s Thinkers of the Right: Challenging Materialism as “one of the most enlightening studies of the interwar Right I’ve encountered in years.”[214]

Prominent far-right figures in attendance at the Unite the Right rally, that took place in Charlottesville, Virginia, from August 11 to 12, 2017, included Spencer, Gavin McInnes and the Proud Boys, entertainer Baked Alaska, former Libertarian Party candidate Augustus Invictus, David Duke, Identity Evropa leader Nathan Damigo, Right Stuff founder Mike Enoch, League of the South founder Michael Hill, Red Ice host Henrik Palmgren, The Rebel Media commentator Faith Goldy, Right Side Broadcasting Network host Nicholas Fuentes, YouTube personality James Allsup, former Business Insider CTO Pax Dickinson, Right Stuff blogger Johnny Monoxide, Daily Stormer writer Robert “Azzmador” Ray, Daily Caller contributor and rally organizer Jason Kessler, and Radical Agenda host Christopher Cantwell.

Also attending Unite the Right rally was Swedish mining tycoon Daniel Friberg, founder of Arktos Media, which connects the American alt-right to their European counterparts.[215] Friberg is virtually unknown in his native Sweden, but is regarded by British anti-fascist magazine Searchlight as “one of the most influential figures in the global far right.”[216] The name “Arktos” recalls the title of Dugin’s esoteric publication, Arktogeya. Joscelyn Godwin wrote Arktos: The Polar Myth in Science, Symbolism and Nazi Survival, referring to the primeval homeland of the Aryans, identified with Thule and Agartha. Arktos is Ursa Major, the most prominent constellation in the Northern Hemisphere. According to Godwin, the four positions of the constellation, corresponding to the four seasons of the zodiac, are symbolized by the swastika.[217] The swastika is therefore also a symbol of the North Pole, which since the Ancient Mysteries has been worshipped as a phallic symbol, circled by the constellation Draco, or the Dragon, depicted by the lion-headed depiction of Mithras.

Searchlight identified a direct link between Friberg and Richard B. Spencer in the launch by the NPI and Arktos Media of a joint AltRight website in January 2017, where Dugin is a regular contributor.[218] Searchlight followed the progress of Putin’s subversion and alliance with numerous far-right political groups in the United Kingdom, and has concluded that those from whom the threat is most evident are the Traditional Britain Group (TBG), Generation Identity, the Nazi Forum groups, and Arktos Media.[219] TBG is a traditionalist radical conservative political organization in the United Kingdom. Its President is Lord Sudeley. The Vice President, Professor John Kersey, describes himself as a “radical traditionalist and paleolibertarians.”[220] With the death of its Patron, General Sir Walter Walker, the Western Goals Institute (WGI) in London was wound up, and its Vice-President, Gregory Lauder-Frost, founded the TBG in 2001 to continue much of the WGI’s work in the UK.[221] The WACL also had ties to the WGI, a conservative pressure group in Britain, which was founded in 1985 as an offshoot of the US Western Goals Foundation. Lauder-Frost was also a former officer of the Conservative Monday Club, which was connected to Le Cercle. Lauder-Frost who read Modern History at Oxford, holds a PhD on “The Last 50 Years of Imperial Russia,” is an established expert on genealogy, and was Publications Editor and Secretary-General of the international Monarchist League.[222]

The TBG are inspired by Joseph de Maistre, authors of the German Conservative Revolution, including Oswald Spengler, Ernst Jünger and Martin Heidegger, and fascist luminaries like Corneliu Codreanu, and Francis Parker-Yockey. Another more significant reference, cited very regularly on their webpage and throughout other material developed, is Julius Evola.[223] Searchlight has also exposed a connection between Lauder-Frost and a Russian think-tank called Katehon, whose supervisory board includes Leonid Reshetnikov, retired lieutenant-general of the Russian Foreign Intelligence Service and Alexander Dugin.[224] TBG also helped to promote a conference in 2013 that included Dugin, and featured Alain de Benoist as a keynote speaker, titled “The End Of The Present World Conference.” Oliver Lane, a TBG regular and close friend of Lauder-Frost, is a journalist specializing in terrorism and radicalization for Breitbart News.[225] The 2015 Annual Conference of the TGB included John Morgan, Editor-in-Chief of Arktos Books.

Tucker Carlson

Also jumping on the Covid-19 conspiracy bandwagon is Fox host Tucker Carlson. But, instead of highlighting the real role of Bill Gates and his collusion with the WHO and Big Pharma, it’s an opportunity, as usual, to peddle neoliberal politics, by characterizing the imposed measures as part of a left-wing agenda to expand the powers of the government.[226] As of February 2017, Fox hit a ratings milestone in cable news by marking 15 years as the most-watched news channel, Nielsen data revealed. Fox currently has 13 of the top 15 programs in cable news in total viewers and seven out of the top ten programs in the 25-54 age demographic. The O’Reilly Factor dominated all categories as the number one program in cable news. Tucker Carlson Tonight was the number two and Sean Hannity was number three.[227]

Carlson was converted to Stephen Miller and Jeff Sessions’ ideology, which he described as “nationalist.”[228] The Trump platform was well settled on long before Steve Bannon joined the campaign,” Roger Stone told Carlson. “And it appears that [White House policy adviser] Stephen Miller helped the president articulate it. But the agenda is Trump, the drive to win is Trump. The populist campaign is all Donald Trump. Just taking the title of chief strategist is a misnomer, at best,” said Stone.[229]

Miller grew up in a liberal-leaning Jewish family, and received his bachelor’s degree in 2007 from Duke University, and served as president of the Duke chapter of David Horowitz’s Students for Academic Freedom and wrote conservative columns for the school newspaper. While at Duke, Miller and the Duke Conservative Union helped co-member Richard B. Spencer with fundraising and promotion for an immigration policy debate in March 2007, between the open-borders activist and University of Oregon professor Peter Laufer and journalist Peter Brimelow, the founder of VDARE, and fellow member of the H.L. Mencken Club with William Regnery and Jared Taylor.[230]

Carlson founded the Daily Caller in 2010 with Neil Patel, former adviser to former Vice President Dick Cheney and a member of the CNP. Prior to that, Patel served as deputy of Scooter Libby. In October 2005, Libby from his positions in the Bush administration after he was indicted on five counts by a federal grand jury concerning the investigation of the leak of the covert identity of CIA officer Valerie Plame Wilson. He was subsequently convicted of four counts, making him the highest-ranking White House official convicted in a government scandal since John Poindexter, the national security adviser to President Ronald Reagan in the Iran-Contra affair. President Donald Trump fully pardoned Libby on April 13, 2018.

Carlson initially floated the idea for The Daily Caller in 2009 at CPAC. He and Patel then officially announced its creation later that year at a Heritage Foundation gathering. The Daily Caller News Foundation receives funding from the Koch brothers as well as the Bradley Foundation.[231] A Southern Poverty Law Center report claimed in 2017 that “The Daily Caller Has A White Nationalist Problem.” The report stated that “the Daily Caller has not only published the work of white nationalists, but some of its writers have routinely whitewashed the Alt-Right, while one editor there is an associate of key Alt-Right figures. Two Daily Caller contributors, including a senior investigative reporter, were recently announced as speakers at the upcoming white nationalist H.L. Mencken Club conference organized by Paul Gottfried, a godfather of the Alt-Right.”[232]

Accelerationism

CNP member Steve Bannon, also an admirer of Dugin, has referred to his publication Breitbart News as “the platform for the alt-right.”[233] Breitbart was heavily funded by CNP member Robert Mercer, an American computer scientist, a developer in early artificial intelligence, and co-CEO of Renaissance Technologies, a hedge fund, who has collaborated with the Koch brothers.[234] Together, Bannon and Mercer founded Cambridge Analytica, which was used Facebook data to target with “fake news” propelled by Russian hackers to insight racial tensions in support of Donald Trump’s bid for the White House.[235] Documents seen by the Observer detail Cambridge Analytica was involved with many other right-leaning billionaires, including Rupert Murdoch.[236]

Assisting Cambridge Analytica in breaching Facebook data was the CIA-backed Palantir, founded by Bilderberger and PayPal founder Peter Thiel.[237] Thiel, who is openly gay, is a friend of Ann Coulter, who dedicated her new book, Demonic: How the Liberal Mob Is Endangering America, to him. In a 2009 article for the Koch brothers’ Cato Institute, Thiel wrote of his commitment to “authentic human freedom as a precondition for the highest good. I stand against confiscatory taxes, totalitarian collectives, and the ideology of the inevitability of the death of every individual.”[238] After Trump’s victory, Thiel was named to the executive committee of the President-elect’s transition team. Many of Thiel’s employees have been calling him “the shadow president.”[239]

In September 2021, Tucker Carlson interviewed Silicon Valley entrepreneur Curtis Yarvin, creator of the Urbit computing platform, a proponent of doctrine of “neoreaction,” or NRx, an anti-democratic, anti-egalitarian, reactionary philosophy, also adopted by Thiel.[240] Linking up online with English author and philosopher Nick Land, Yarvin, writing under the nom de plume Mencius Moldbug, helped develop the doctrine of “neoreaction,” or NRx, essentially an argument that democracy had outlived its usefulness. The movement is also known as the Dark Enlightenment, a term coined by Land, in his essay of the same name. Land has been described as the “father” of accelerationism, a set of ideas which propose that capitalism and technological change should be drastically accelerated to create further radical social change.[241]

Drawing on the work the postmodernists Gilles Deleuze, Felix Guattari and Jean-Francois Lyotard, Land argued that capitalist technological progress was transforming not just our societies, but the individual, who is becoming less important than the techno-capitalist system itself.[242] Accelerationism reflected a similar approach adopted by Satanists, particularly the Process Church and Charles Manson. As explained by Jean-Paul Bourré, in Les sectes Lucifériennes aujourd’hui (“The Luciferian Sects Today”), the Luciferian orders sometimes have different goals, but they all share in common the particular goal of wanting to trigger the apocalypse necessary for the final transformation: the acceleration of the events of the End Times, and the preparation of an occult elite destined for the priesthood of the Luciferian religion.[243]

Although the Process Church’s “processean” theology is considered unrelated to the process theology of Alfred North Whitehead—who influenced Deleuze—after its leader DeGrimston was removed by the Council of Masters as Teacher, many former members of the cult joined Deleuze in his leadership of the Anti-Oedipal movement of 1968.[244] Hinting at the connection, Land explained in an email to Vox, “Modernity has Capitalism (the self-escalating techno-commercial complex) as its motor. Our question was what ‘the process’ wants (i.e. spontaneously promotes) and what resistances it provokes.”[245]

Land was a lecturer in Continental Philosophy at the University of Warwick from 1987 until his resignation in 1998. At Warwick, he and Sadie Plant co-founded the Cybernetic Culture Research Unit CCRU. After the CCRU split from Warwick in 1998, according to Andy Beckett, a journalist who chronicled the CCRU’s in The Guardian, Land and his remaining followers moved into a home in Leamington, where they were drawn to numerology, HP Lovecraft, and Aleister Crowley, part of an obsession with the occult that had flourished in the accelerationist ranks. “The CCRU became quasi-cultish, quasi-religious,” explained former member Robin Mackay. “I left before it descended into sheer madness.”[246]

Land has also “highly-recommended” the works of David Myatt’s fascist Satanist Order of Nine Angles (O9A), whose international distributor is adept Kerry Bolton, founder of the Black Order and associate of Alexander Dugin.[247] On his blog and on Twitter, Land describes Dugin as his “best enemy,” and also accepts Dugin’s appellation of “Atlanticist,” par of Dugin’s Land and Sea dichotomy that pits the West and NATO against his own ambition for his own anti-liberal Eurasian empire.  “We agree exactly about what the war is,” expands Land, “We’re just on opposite sides of it.”[248]

Nevertheless, the accelerationalist dialectic plays a role in inspiring both camps. Right-wing extremists and Neo-Nazis have been known to refer to an “acceleration” of racial conflict through violent means such as assassinations, murders, terrorist attacks, and societal collapse, in order to achieve the creation of a white ethnic state.[249] The inspiration for this racist variation of accelerationism is cited as American Nazi Party and National Socialist Liberation Front member and Charles Manson associate James Mason’s newsletter Siege, which paid tribute to Adolf Hitler, Joseph Tommasi, Charles Manson, and Savitri Devi.[250]

Although Siege stopped publishing in 1986, it attracted the attention of some musicians associated with the industrial noise and neofolk underground music scene, including Michael Moynihan and Boyd Rice, a friend of Anton LaVey, founder of the Church of Satan.[251] Although Siege stopped publishing in 1986, Moynihan edited Mason’s newsletters into the book of the same name, published in 1993.[252] The hashtag #ReadSiege became popular on “alt-right” social media, especially as groups and influencers connected with the Neo-fascist and Neo-Nazi web forum Iron March promoted the text.[253]

Mason’s works were republished and popularized by the Iron March forum and its offshoot Atomwaffen Division, which has links to the O9A.[254] Iron March, was the primary organizational platform for a transnational neo-fascist accelerationist terrorist network whose ideology is based in large part on Evola.[255] Iron March began as the “International Third Positionist Federation” (ITPF) in 2010.[256] The forum was founded Alexander Slavros, an Uzbek immigrant to Russia whose real name is Alisher Mukhitdinov, who is similarly thought to be living in a district “close to the Kremlin.”[257] Slavros claimed in a direct message on Iron March that Alexander Dugin had once recruited him for the Global Revolutionary Alliance (GRA), which espouses an apocalyptic vision that humanity is at the verge of an end to “capitalism, resources, society, nations, peoples, knowledge, progress,” which it blames on the “global Western-centric world” and “the ruling class of globalism.”[258]

Members of Atomwaffen, as well as many other similar groups, became interested in the Base, founded by Rinaldo Nazzaro, who described himself as a “former CIA field intelligence officer.”[259] Reports have revealed that Nazzaro is an American who moved to Russia from New York in the late 2010s, and that he was once contracted with the Department of Homeland Security, the Department of Defense and U.S. Special Forces.[260] The BBC reported that Nazzaro was an FBI analyst and a Pentagon contractor.[261] Vice News learned that Nazzaro was a Pentagon contractor who worked with Special Operations Command (SOCOM), among a group that briefed special forces officers on military targeting and counterterrorism efforts in the Middle East in 2014. “[I did] multiple tours in Iraq and Afghanistan over five years,” Nazzaro said in 2019.[262] However, according to US law enforcement and intelligence sources, Nazzaro is “working for Russia and operation a violent neo-Nazi, white supremacist organization directing violent terror attacks on US soil from St. Petersburg, Russia.”[263]

Alt-right personalyt Matthew Heimbach, another admirer of Dugin, used the Iron March forums to recruit for the Traditionalist Workers Party, which participated in the Unite the Right rally.[264] Prior to its shutdown in 2017, Iron March been linked to several acts of Neo-Nazi terrorism and violent militant groups such as the Nordic Resistance Movement, National Action, Azov Battalion, CasaPound, and Greece’s Golden Dawn, which has connections with Dugin. In addition to Azov, Atomwaffen has ties to O9A. Atomwaffen distributes the magazine Musta Kivi and sells the books of O9A and Kerry Bolton. Atomwaffen Division Finland “Siitoin Squadron” (AWDSS) was formed after the Finnish government banned the Nordic Resistance Movement (NRM) in 2019, following members of the underground group embracing accelerationism and occultism.[265] Representatives of the Suomen Vastarintaliike (“Finnish Resistance Movement”), the Finnish branch of the NRM, visited James Mason in the United States in 2019.[266]

Iron March forum and Atomwaffen Division, which since 2017 has been linked to eight killings in the US and several violent hate crimes, including assaults, rapes and multiple cases of kidnapping and torture.[267]  The network’s transition from activism to terrorism,” explains H.E. Upchurche, “was facilitated by the introduction of violent ritualistic initiation practiced derived from the writings of the Order of Nine Angles, which helped to habituate members to violence as well as to create a sense of shared membership in a militant elite.”[268] Since the 2010s, the political ideology and religious worldview of the Order of Nine Angles (O9A), have increasingly influenced militant Neo-fascist and Neo-Nazi insurgent groups associated with right-wing extremist and White supremacist international networks, most notably the Iron March forum.[269]

The O9A encourages its members to adopt “insight roles” in anarchist, neo-Nazi, and Islamist groups in order to disrupt modern Western society.[270] According to Upchurch, it was most likely through the influence of Ryan Fleming that Iron March was introduced to the O9A ideology. Fleming subsequently went on to become a member of National Action. In early 2021, Fleming, who had previously been convicted of the sexual abuse of children, was jailed for unsupervised contact with children.[271] Atomwaffen Division was closely associated with the American O9A affiliate Tempel ov Blood. National Action was linked to the O9A affiliate Drakon Covenant in the UK. Antipodean Resistance in Australia was involved with Kerry Bolton’s Black Order and the Temple of THEM. From 2010 to 2019, Haakon Forwald, head of the Norwegian branch of Nordic Resistance Movement (NRM), was a devotee of a Scandinavian O9A current known variously as the Misanthropic Luciferian Order, the Temple of Black Light, and Current.[272]

The Iron March chat logs subsequently published by ProPublica revealed that there are around twenty Atomwaffen cells across the United States, and they also show members praising Oklahoma City bomber Timothy McVeigh, Charleston church shooter Dylann Roof, and Norwegian mass murderer and white supremacist Anders Behring Breivik.[273] Eighteen-year-old Devon Arthurs, an Iron March user, killed his two roommates and fellow Atomwaffen members in May 2017. Police found neo-nazi literature, a photograph of McVeigh, and explosives in his home. Arthurs converted to Islam and described himself as a “Salafist National Socialist.” After he was arrested following a hostage situation, Arthurs was determined unfit to stand trial. In December 2019, several experts testified that Arthurs has schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, among other conditions, experiences hallucinations and believes he can communicate with the dead.[274] In January 2018, Atomwaffen member Samuel Woodward was charged in Orange County, California, with the murder of Blaze Bernstein, an openly gay Jewish college student.

Brenton Harrison Tarrant, the perpetrator of the Christchurch mosque massacre that killed 51 people and injured 49 others during Friday Prayer on March 15, 2019, embraced right-wing accelerationism in a section of his manifesto titled “Destabilization and Accelerationism: tactics.” Tarrant claims to have been the author of a 74-page manifesto titled The Great Replacement, a reference to the “Great Replacement” and “white genocide” conspiracy theories. Inspired by Tarrant and similar accelerationist ideas, John Timothy Earnest was responsible for the Escondido mosque fire at Dar-ul-Arqam Mosque in Escondido, California, in March 2019. On April 27, before being identified as a suspect, Earnest entered the nearby Chabad of Poway synagogue and opened fire, killing one and injuring three others. “I support the Christchurch shooter and his manifesto,” Crusius wrote before committing the El Paso Walmart shooting that killed 23 people and injured 23 others. “The Hispanic community was not my target before I read The Great Replacement.”[275]

[1] Steven Hassan. “What to Do About the QAnon and Those Ensnared in It? Interview with Travis View.” Freedom of Mind Resource Center (August 22, 2020). Retrieved from https://freedomofmind.com/what-to-do-about-the-qanon-and-those-ensnared-in-it-interview-with-travis-view/; Tristan Sturm & Tom Albrecht. “Constituent Covid-19 apocalypses: contagious conspiracism, 5G, and viral vaccinations.” Anthropology & Medicine 28, 1 (2021), pp. 122-139.

[2] Jim Hougan. Secret Agenda: Watergate, Deep Throat and the CIA (New York: Random House, 1984). p. 120.; David Livingstone. Ordo ab Chao, Volume Four, Chapter 9: JFK Assassination; Chapter 11: The Golden Triangle; Volume Five, Chapter 2: The Secret Team & Chapter 3: The Reagan Doctrine.

[3] John DeCamp. The Franklin Coverup: Child Abuse, Satanism and Murder in Nebraska (AWT, 1992), p. 179.

[4] “Americanuck Radio - 20191014.” Retrieved from https://www.spreaker.com/user/icrn/americanuck-radio-20191014

[5] David Livingstone. Ordo ab Chao, Volume Three, Chapter 3: The Round Table & Chapter 14: The Brotherhood of Death.

[6] David Livingstone. Ordo ab Chao, Volume Three, Chapter 11: Operation Trust & Chapter 13: The Aufbau.

[7] R.W. May. “Genetics and Subversion.” The Nation (May 14, 1960), 190: 421.

[8] Russ Bellant. The Coors Connection, (South End Press, 1988), p. 45.

[9] Brasol hearing, 32, FBI, File 100-15704, cited in Spence. “The Tsar’s Other Lieutenant.” p. 698.

[10] “This Fascist Racket.” Jewish Telegraphic Agency (August 2, 1934).

[11] Richard Spence. “The Tsar’s Other Lieutenant: The Antisemitic Activities of Boris L’vovich Brasol, 1910-1960, Part II: White Russians, Nazis, and the Blue Lamoo.” Journal of Antisemitism (Vol 4 Issue #2 2012)

[12] Spence. “The Tsar’s Other Lieutenant,” Part II, p. 700.

[13] A. E.Kahn & M. Sayers. The Great Conspiracy: The Secret War Against Soviet Russia. 1st ed (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1946).

[14] David Livingstone. Ordo ab Chao, Volume Four, Chapter 7: Red Scare.

[15] Yeadon & Hawkins. Nazi Hydra in America, p. 161.

[16] David Livingstone. Ordo ab Chao, Volume Five, Chapter 13: Disclosure.

[17] Levenda. Unholy Alliance, p. 62.

[18] Christopher H. Partridge. UFO Religions (Routledge, 2003), p. 8–9.

[19] Gregory Bishop & Kenn Thomas. “Calling Occupants (The Giant Rock Conventions).” Fortean Times 118 (January 1999).

[20] Cited in Mehmet Sabeheddin. “Flying Saucers, Hidden Empire & the Secret of World Control.” New Dawn Special Issue Vol 6 No 5 (October 2012). Retrieved from https://www.newdawnmagazine.com/articles/flying-saucers-hidden-empire-the-secret-of-world-control

[21] Turner. Power on the Right, p. 165.

[22] Editors’ Introduction to Chodorov’s Fugitive Essays: Selected Writings of Frank Chodorov, compiled, edited, and with an Introduction by Charles H. Hamilton (Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 1980).

[23] Doherty. Radicals for Capitalism, p. 16.

[24] “Six Yale Societies Elect 90 Members.” New York Times (May 8, 1936).

[25] Alvin Felzenberg. “The Inside Story of William F. Buckley Jr.’s Crusade against the John Birch Society.” The Atlantic (June 20, 2017).

[26] Interhemispheric Resource Center, GroupWatch, Western Goals Foundation. Retrived from http://rightweb.irc-online.org/groupwatch/wg.php; References: 5. Letter from Sean Steinbach and Dominik Diehl, May 22, 1987. 8. Elton Manzione, “The Private Spy Agency,” The National Reporter (Summer 1985).

[27] David Livingstone. Ordo ab Chao, Volume Four, Chapter 9: JFK Assassination

[28] William Torbitt. NASA, Nazis & JFK: The Torbitt Document & the Kennedy Assassination (Adventures Unlimited Press, 1996) p. 49.

[29] Brussell. “The Nazi Connection to the John F. Kennedy Assassination.”

[30] Nicholas Gage. “Ex‐Head of Schenley Industries Is Linked to Crime ‘Consortium’.” New York Times (February 19, 1971). Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/1971/02/19/archives/exhead-of-schenley-industries-is-linked-to-crime-consortium.html

[31] Nicholas Faith. The Bronfmans: The Rise and Fall of the House of Seagram (New York: Thomas Dunne Books, 2006), p. 66.

[32] Ibid.

[33] Burton Hersh. Bobby and J. Edgar: The Historic Face-Off Between the Kennedys and J. Edgar Hoover that Transformed America (Basic Books, 2008), p. 88.

[34] David D. Kirkpatrick. “The 2004 Campaign: The Conservatives: Club of the Most Powerful Gathers in Strictest Privacy,” New York Times (August 28, 2004).

[35] Jane Mayer. “The Secrets of Charles Koch’s Political Ascent.” Politico (January 18, 2016); Mark Ames. “Meet Charles Koch’s Brain.”

[36] Yeadon & Hawkins. Nazi Hydra in America, p. 80.

[37] “Obituary: Cordelia Scaife May / Reclusive Mellon heiress known for her generosity.” Pittsburgh Post-Gazette (January 27, 2005). Retrieved from http://www.post-gazette.com/news/obituaries/2005/01/27/Obituary-Cordelia-Scaife-May-Reclusive-Mellon-heiress-known-for-her-generosity/stories/200501270185

[38] Lee & Shlain. Acid Dreams, p. 190.

[39] David Livingstone. Ordo ab Chao. Volume Three, Chapter 17: Eranos Conferences; Volume Four, Chapter 15: The Esalen Institute.

[40] Hans Thomas Hakl. Eranos: An Alternative Intellectual History of the Twentieth Century (New York: Routledge, 2014), p. 106.

[41] Wouter J. Hanegraaff. New Age Religion and Western Culture: Esotericism in the Mirror of Secular Thought, (Boston, Massachusetts, US: Brill Academic Publishers, 1996), pp. 38–39.

[42] See Chapter 9: JFK Assassination; Chapter 13: Counterculture.

[43] See David Livingstone. Ordo ab Chao, Volume Four, Chapter 13: Counterculture.

[44] Anthony Summers. The Secret Life of J. Edgar Hoover (1993).

[45] David Livingstone. Ordo ab Chao. Volume Four, Chapter 14: The Church of Satan.

[46] Chris White, David Icke Debunked, http://davidickedebunked.com/?page_id=13

[47] Ibid.

[48] David G. Robertson. “David Icke’s Reptilian Thesis and the Development of New Age Theodicy.” International Journal for the Study of New Religions, 4, 1 (2013), p. 33.

[49] David Livingstone. “Theosophical Sources of David Icke's Reptilian Theory.” (December 8, 2022). Retrieved from https://ordoabchao.ca/articles/theosophical-sources-of-david-ickes-repitillian-theory

[50] David Livingstone. Ordo ab Chao. Volume Two, Chapter 16: The Aryan Myth.

[51] David Livingstone. Ordo ab Chao. Volume Three, Chapter 20: Shangri-La (2021).

[52] David Livingstone. Black Terror White Soldiers (2013), p. 467.

[53] Tyson Lewis and Richard Kahn. “The Reptoid Hypothesis: Utopian and Dystopian Representational Motifs in David Icke’s Alien Conspiracy Theory.” Utopian Studies, 16, 1 (Spring 2005), p. 51.

[54] Icke. Children of the Matrix, p. 251.

[55] Cited in Tyson Lewis and Richard Kahn. “The Reptoid Hypothesis: Utopian and Dystopian Representational Motifs in David Icke’s Alien Conspiracy Theory.” Utopian Studies, 16, 1 (Spring 2005), p. 52.

[56] Icke. Children of the Matrix, p. 79; cited in Tyson Lewis and Richard Kahn. “The Reptoid Hypothesis: Utopian and Dystopian Representational Motifs in David Icke’s Alien Conspiracy Theory.” Utopian Studies, 16, 1 (Spring 2005), pp. 45-74.

[57] Offley. “David Icke And The Politics Of Madness Where The New Age Meets The Third Reich.”

[58] Goodrick-Clarke. Black Sun, p. 292.

[59] Will Offley. “David Icke And The Politics Of Madness Where The New Age Meets The Third Reich.” Political Research Associates (29 February 2000). Retrieved from http://www.publiceye.org/Icke/IckeBackgrounder.htm

[60] “From Green Messiah to New Age Nazi.” Institute for Social Ecology (January 1996). Retrieved http://social-ecology.org/wp/1996/01/left-green-perspectives-35/

[61] Foster & Epstein. Cross-Currents, p. 145.

[62] Stuart T. Wright. Patriots, politics, and the Oklahoma City bombing (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2007). pp. 54–55; Matthew Lyons & Chip Berlet. Right-wing populism in America: too close for comfort (New York: Guilford Press, 2000). pp. 288–289.

[63] Constantine. Virtual Government, p. 11.

[64] Pearson. “Liberty Lobby Should be Scrutinized.”

[65] Coogan. Dreamer of the Day, pp. 606-608.

[66] “Willis Carto.” Southern Poverty Law Center (n.d). Retrieved from https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/extremist-files/individual/willis-carto

[67] Chester L. Quarles. Christian Identity: The Aryan American Bloodline Religion (McFarland & Company. 2004) p. 68.

[68] Jeffrey Kaplan. Encyclopedia of white power: a sourcebook on the radical racist right (McFarland & Company, 2000), p. 52.

[69] S.J. Rosenthal. “The Pioneer Fund Financier of Fascist Research.” American Behavioral Scientist, 1995, 39(1), pp. 44-61.

[70] W.H. Tucker. Closer Look at the Pioneer Fund: Response to Rushton (A. Alb. L. Rev., 2002), pp.161-3.

[71] Bellant. Old Nazis, the New Right and the Republican Party, p. 46.

[72] Ibid.

[73] Ibid.

[74] M. Billig. Psychology, racism, and fascism. (Birmingham: A. F. & R./Searchlight, 1979).

[75] Nicola Lebourg. “The French Far Right in Russia’s Orbit.” Carnegie Council for Ethics in International Affairs (May 15, 2018).

[76] Michael Scammell. Koestler: The Literary and Political Odyssey of a Twentieth-Century Skeptic (Random House, 2009), p. 546.

[77] Bar-On. “The Ambiguities of the Nouvelle Droite, 1968–1999,” pp. 333–351, 2001.

[78] Philip Coppens. “Raymond Abellio: a modern Cathar?” PhilipCoppens.com.

[79] Chalandon & Coppens. “French Visions for a New Europe.”

[80] Guy Patton. Masters of Deception: murder intrigue in the world of occult politics (Amsterdam: Frontier Publishing, 2009), p. 174.

[81] David Livingstone. Ordo ab Chao. Volume 4, Chapter 23: Operation Gladio.

[82] Bob Fitrakis. “Reverend Moon: Cult leader, CIA asset, and Bush family friend is dead.” Free Press (September 4, 2102).

[83] Per Anders Rudling. “The Return of the Ukrainian Far Right: The Case of VO Svoboda.” Wodak and Richardson. Analysing Fascist Discourse: European Fascism in Talk and Text (New York: Routledge, 2013). pp. 229–35.

[84] ExxonSecrets.org. Retrieved from http://www.exxonsecrets.org/html/listorganizations.php

[85] “Leadership – About – AEI.” AEI (Retrieved 2012-10-04).

[86] Bellant. The Coors Connection, p. 2.

[87] Ibid., p. 2.

[88] Bellant. The Coors Connection, p. 54.

[89] Nicholas Ashford (August 6, 1981). “Reagan backs extension to black voting Act,” The Times. p. 4.

[90] Betty Clermont. The Neo-Catholics: Implementing Christian Nationalism in America (Clarity Press, 2009); “Christian Broadcasting Network.” Southern Poverty Law Center (December 31, 1990).

[91] Yeadon & Hawkins. Nazi Hydra in America, p. 161.

[92] “Knights of Darkness: The Sovereign Military Order of Malta,” Covert Action Bulletin (Winter 1986) Number 25.

[93] “Western Goals Foundation,” Interhemispheric Resource Center: GroupWatch Profiles (January 02, 1989) [http://www.rightweb.irc-online.org/articles/display/Western_Goals_Foundation]

[94] Peter Jesserer Smith. “Catholics Bid Farewell to Pro-Life Lion Howard Phillips.” National Catholic Register (May 6, 2013).

[95] Bellant. The Coors Connection, p. 50.

[96] Jim Hougan. Secret Agenda: Watergate, Deep Throat and the CIA (New York: Random House, 1984). p. 120.

[97] Trento. Prelude to Terror, p. 172.

[98] “The Qaddafi connection.” New York Times (June 14, 1981).

[99] Trento. Prelude to Terror, p. 226.

[100] Peter Dale Scott. Deep Politics and the Death of JFK (University of California Press, 1996) p. 238.

[101] DeCamp. The Franklin Coverup, p. 179.

[102] John de Camp. “The Franklin Coverup,” (AWT, Inc, 1996) p. 179.

[103] Maury Terry. The Ultimate Evil: In Search of the Son of Sam (Quirk Books, Apr 20, 2021), p. 539.

[104] Affidavit of Daniel P. Sheehan.

[105] “Anti-Semitism Charges Lead To Delay on Religion Prize.” New York Times (April 19, 1988).

[106] William H. Tucker. The Science and Politics of Racial Research (University of Illinois Press, 1996). p. 257.

[107] Coogan. Dreamer of the Day, p. 534.

[108] “The Checkered Careers of James Angleton and Roger Pearson,” Covert Action, No. 25 (Winter 1986).

[109] Nick Lowles. “A very English extremist.” Searchlight (August 2000). Retrieved from http://www.searchlightmagazine.com/index.php?link=template&story=80

[110] Lowles. “A very English extremist.”

[111] Teacher. Rogue Agents.

[112] Ibid., p. 283.

[113] Ibid., p. 37.

[114] “Famous Freemasons.” Blackpool Group of Lodges and Chapters. (December 10, 2015). Retrieved from http://blackpool.westlancsfreemasons.org.uk/about-freemasonry/famous-masons/

[115] Quigley. Tragedy and Hope, pg. 581.

[116] Teacher. Rogue Agents.

[117] Jane Hunter. Israeli Foreign Affairs.

[118] Teacher. Rogue Agents, p. 305.

[119] Ibid.

[120] Peter Barberis, John McHugh & Mike Tyldesley (editors). Encyclopedia of British and Irish Political Organizations (Pinter, 2000), p. 177.

[121] Michael Billig. A Social Psychological View of the National Front (Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1978), p. 117.

[122] Levenda. Unholy Alliance, p. 116.

[123] “From Green Messiah to New Age Nazi.” Institute for Social Ecology (January 1996). Retrieved from http://social-ecology.org/wp/1996/01/left-green-perspectives-35/; “Rainbow Ark magazine.” Center for Media and Democracy. Retrieved from https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Rainbow_Ark_magazine

[124] Matthew Kalman & John Murray. “New-age nazism.” New Statesman & Society, 8, 358 (June 23, 1995), p. 18. Retrieved from https://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/cgi-bin/webadmin?A2=socrel;1d2bc9c3.0302

[125] Goodrick-Clarke. Black Sun, p. 293.

[126] Matthew Kalman & John Murray. “New-age nazism.” New Statesman & Society, 8, 358 (June 23, 1995), p. 18. Retrieved from https://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/cgi-bin/webadmin?A2=socrel;1d2bc9c3.0302

[127] Tobias Churton. The Invisible History of the Rosicrucians: The World’s Most Mysterious Secret Society (Simon and Schuster, 2009).

[128] David Carr-Brown & David Cohen. “Fall from Grace.” Sunday Times, News Review (December 21, 1997).

[129] Introvigne. “Ordeal by Fire,” p. 25..

[130] Philip Coppens. “Knights of the Extreme Right.”

[131] “Pierre Athanase Marie Plantard.” Biblioteca Pleyades. Retrieved from https://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/sociopolitica/esp_sociopol_priorysion06.htm

[132] Philip Coppens. “The wooden book of Montségur.” Les Carnets Secrets, 10 (2008). Retrieved from https://www.eyeofthepsychic.com/woodenbook/

[133] George D. Chryssides. “Sources of Doctrine in the Solar Temple.” In The Order of the Solar Temple: The Temple of Death (ed.) James R. Lewis (Ashgate, 2006), p. 124.

[134] Ibid., p. 119.

[135] Marcel Roggemans. Geschiedenis Van de Occulte En Mystieke Broederschappen (Lulu.com, 2010), p. 236.

[136] Andre Wautier. Dictionnaire des Gnostiques et des principaux inities (2004). Retrieved from http://www.livrespourtous.com/e-books/view/Dictionnaire-des-gnostiques-et-des-principaux-inities.html

[137] Jean-Paul Bourré. Les sectes Lucifériennes aujourd'hui (Belfond, 1978), p. 99.

[138] Ibid.

[139] Kalman & Murray. “New-age nazism.”

[140] Goodrick-Clarke. Black Sun, p. 293.

[141] Richard J. Boylan, Ph.D. “Birds of a Feather No Longer: Policy Split Divides “Aviary” UFO-Secrecy Group.” Retrieved from http://www.drboylan.com/aviary2.html

[142] Joan D’Arc. Phenomenal World: Remote Viewing, Astral Travel, Apparitions, Extraterrestrials, Lucid Dreams and Other Forms of Intelligent Contact in the Magical Kingdom of Mind-at-Large (Book Tree, 2000) p. 156.

[143] Bevilaqua. JFK - The Final Solution, Kindle locations 159-164.

[144] Joël v.d. Reijden. “Cult of National Security Trolls: Art Bell and Coast to Coast AM Analyzed” Institute for the Study of Globalization and Covert Politics (August 31, 2014).

[145] Ibid.

[146] “The Ex-CEO Files.” Wired (January 11, 1999). Retrieved from https://www.wired.com/1999/01/the-ex-ceo-files/

[147] “The Ex-CEO Files.” Wired (January 11, 1999). Retrieved from https://www.wired.com/1999/01/the-ex-ceo-files/

[148] Joël v.d. Reijden. “Cult of National Security Trolls: Art Bell and Coast to Coast AM Analyzed” Institute for the Study of Globalization and Covert Politics (August 31, 2014).

[149] Joël v.d. Reijden. “Cult of National Security Trolls: Art Bell and Coast to Coast AM Analyzed” Institute for the Study of Globalization and Covert Politics (August 31, 2014).

[150] Retrieved from www.noetic.org/directory/person/jim-garrison

[151] George Cothran. “Global Chic: Gorby’s Bash by the Bay.” Washington Post (September 24, 1995). Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/opinions/1995/09/24/global-chic-gorbys-bash-by-the-bay/d9d66e76-d75f-4371-a1ca-6277704ad36f/

[152] “Honoring Our Past.” State of the World Forum. Retrieved from www.worldforum.org/history/honoring.html

[153] Joël v.d. Reijden. “Cult of National Security Trolls: Art Bell and Coast to Coast AM Analyzed” Institute for the Study of Globalization and Covert Politics (August 31, 2014).

[154] James Robert Compton. The Integrated News Spectacle: A Political Economy of Cultural Performance (Peter Lang, 2004), p. 204; Paul La Monica. Inside Rupert’s Brain (Peter Lang, 2009), p. 5; “Media Sources: Distinct Favorites Emerge on the Left and Right.” Pew Research Center (October 21, 2014).

[155] Joan Coxsedge, “Nugan Hand.” The Guardian: The Worker’s Daily. Issue #1765 (February 15, 2017).

[156] Robert Parry. “How Roy Cohn Helped Rupert Murdoch.” Consortium News (January 28, 2015).

[157] Robert Parry. “How Roy Cohn Helped Rupert Murdoch.” Consortium News (January 28, 2015).

[158] Jane Mayer. “The Making of the Fox News White House.” The New Yorker (March 11, 2019 Issue).

[159] Ibid.

[160] Lucia Graves. “Donald Trump and Rupert Murdoch: inside the billionaire bromance.” The Guardian (June 16, 2017).

[161] Ibid.

[162] Ibid.

[163] Jack Shafer. “Fox News 1.0.” Slate (June 5, 2008).

[164] Max Boot. “Republicans are paying the price for their addiction to their own media.” Washington Post (October 6, 2016).

[165] Murray Waas. “Al Regnery’s Secret Life.” New Republic (June 22, 1986).

[166] “America By Fraud: Sarah Palin Buys Her Way On To NYT Bestseller List.” Politicus USA (December 2, 2010).

[167] Steve Benen. “A publishing mystery.” Washington Monthly (December 28, 2010).

[168] Oliver Willis. “Mark Levin Claims ‘No Groups Buy My Books’ As Conservative Group Buys His Book.” Media Matters (January 10, 2014).

[169] Sarah Ferguson. “CORRECTED: Ann Coulter: Plumping Her Sales Figures?” Village Voice ( JUNE 15, 2006).

[170] Nomad. “Cooking the Books: How the Conservative Best Seller Scam is a Free Market Hypocrisy.” Nomadic Politics (November 16, 2014).

[171] Associated Press. “Murdoch fund-raiser for Clinton creates buzz.” NBC News (May 12, 2006).

[172] Mabel Stephens. “Alex Jones Ron Paul founded the Tea party and the Koch brothers fund it.” YouTube (Sep 19, 2014).

[173] Joel V.D. Heijden. “Alex Jones of Infowars Admits to CIA and ‘Army Special Forces’ family; Supports Death Squads, Dictators, Drugs, Disinformation… And the CNP.” Institute for the Study of Globalization and Covert Politics (January 17, 2016).

[174] NWOTaser. “Alex Jones Rant: Shut-Up Racist, Shut-Up Nazi, Shut-Up Cracker.” YouTube (January 18, 2011).

[175] Joel V.D. Heijden. “Alex Jones of Infowars Admits to CIA and ‘Army Special Forces’ family; Supports Death Squads, Dictators, Drugs, Disinformation… And the CNP.” Institute for the Study of Globalization and Covert Politics (January 17, 2016). Retrieved from https://isgp-studies.com/alex-jones-of-infowars-is-cia-army-disinformation

[176] Ibid.

[177] Mark Presce. “The Executable Dreamtime,” Richard Metzger ed. Book of Lies: The Disinformation Guide to Magick and the Occult (Disinformation Books, 2008).

[178] Joël v.d. Reijden. “Cult of National Security Trolls.”

[179] Ibid.

[180] Ibid.

[181] Amanda Pampuro “Gaia Hits Filmmaker Patty Greer With an Old-School Weapon: a Lawsuit.” Westword (August 21, 2018). Retrieved from https://www.westword.com/news/gaia-hits-filmmaker-patty-greer-with-an-old-school-weapon-a-lawsuit-10684808

[182] Jason Covalito. “Friends of David Wilcock Say He Resigned from Gaia TV over Bad Pay, Poor Working Conditions, and Lucifer.” (October 7, 2013). Retrieved from https://www.jasoncolavito.com/blog/friends-of-david-wilcock-say-he-resigned-from-gaia-tv-over-bad-pay-poor-working-conditions-and-lucifer

[183] Amanda Pampuro “Gaia Hits Filmmaker Patty Greer With an Old-School Weapon: a Lawsuit.” Westword (August 21, 2018). Retrieved from https://www.westword.com/news/gaia-hits-filmmaker-patty-greer-with-an-old-school-weapon-a-lawsuit-10684808

[184] Jason Covalito. “Friends of David Wilcock Say He Resigned from Gaia TV over Bad Pay, Poor Working Conditions, and Lucifer.” (October 7, 2013). Retrieved from https://www.jasoncolavito.com/blog/friends-of-david-wilcock-say-he-resigned-from-gaia-tv-over-bad-pay-poor-working-conditions-and-lucifer

[185] John C. Haich. “Do the Owls want to shut down Richard C. Hoagland?”

[186] “Center for Security Policy.” MediaTransparency.org (accessed February 24, 2018).

[187] Michelle Ciarrocca & William D. Hartung. “Axis of Influence: Behind the Bush Administration’s Missile Defense Revival.” World Policy Institute (July 2002).

[188] 2001 Annual Report of the CSP.

[189] Joël v.d. Reijden. “Cult of National Security Trolls: Art Bell and Coast to Coast AM Analyzed” Institute for the Study of Globalization and Covert Politics (August 31, 2014).

[190] Ron Jacobs. “Kenneth Timmerman’s Iranian ‘Democracy’ and the ‘Intelligence’ Summit.” MR Online (February 1, 2006).

[191] Ibid.

[192] “David Horowitz Freedom Center.” Islamophobia Network. Retrieved from https://islamophobianetwork.com/organization/david-horowitz-freedom-center/

[193] Chip Berlet. “Into the Mainstream.” SPLC (August 15, 2003). Retrieved from https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/intelligence-report/2003/mainstream

[194] Lee Fang. “California Nonprofit May Have Violated Tax Law By Donating to Anti-Muslim, Far-Right Dutch Candidate.” The Intercept (March 3, 2017).

[195]  Leily Rezvani. “Ben Shapiro to speak on campus after Stanford admin criticized his collaborator’s visit in May.” The Stanford Daily (October 18, 2019).

[196] C.J. Atkins. “Canada convoy protest a truckload of anti-vax and white supremacist BS.” People’s World (February 8, 2022). Retrieved from https://www.peoplesworld.org/article/canada-convoy-protest-a-truckload-of-anti-vax-and-white-supremacist-bs/

[197] Justin Ling. “Inside Rebel Media’s big-money anti-Islam crusade.” Vice News (August 22, 2017). Retrieved from https://www.vice.com/en/article/wjz73q/inside-rebel-medias-big-money-anti-islam-crusade

[198] Richard Warnica. “Inside Rebel Media.” National Post (2018).

[199] Casey Michel. “Why is this Pizzagate truther meeting with a Russian neo-fascist?” Think Progress (June 10, 2018).

[200] Aleksandr Dugin. Osnovy geopolitiki: Geopoliticheskoe budushchee Rossii (Moscow: Arktogeya, 1997), p. 248.

[201] Ibid., p. 367.

[202] Jim Keith. Mind-control, World Control (Adventures Unlimited Press, 1997), p. 193.

[203] Othman Abu-Sahnun the Italian, “The Murabituns & Free Masonry,” Murabitun Files. [http://web.archive.org/web/20060906091722/http://murabitun.cyberummah.org/index.htm]

[204] Anonymous. “The metaphysical roots of world politics.”

[205] Bruno Fouchereau. “enquete sur des satanistes - Christian Bouchet - NR - Profanation de tombes” The Vrai Journal.

[206] Stephan Chalandon & Philip Coppens. “Men of Mystery: Raymond Abellio & Jean Parvulesco – Their Vision of a New Europe.” New Dawn No. 111 (November-December 2008).

[207] Brian Allan, et al. Ancient Code: Are You Ready for the Real 2012? (Reality Press, 2009), p. 46.

[208] “About.” New Dawn. Retrieved from https://www.newdawnmagazine.com/about-us

[209] Kerry Bolton. “Putin, Russia, & the Rise of a New Era.”

[210] “William H. Regnery.” Southern Poverty Law Center (accessed April 25, 2017).

[211] Ibid.

[212] Michael Wines & Stephanie Saul. “White Supremacists Extend Their Reach Through Websites.” New York Times (July 5, 2015).

[213] Josh Harkinson. “Meet the White Nationalist Trying To Ride The Trump Train to Lasting Power.” Mother Jones (October 27, 2016).

[214] Paul Gottfried. “Opening the Conservative Mind.” Taki’s Magazine (May 19, 2009).

[215] Benjamin R. Teitelbaum. “White Nationalists Give Up Trying to Be Respectable.” The Wall Street Journal (August 13, 2017).

[216] Tom Porter. “Meet Daniel Friberg, the Swedish mining tycoon bankrolling the alt-right’s global media empire.” International Business Times (March 6, 2017).

[217] Joscelyn Godwin. Arktos: The Polar Myth in Science, Symbolism, and Nazi Survival (Kempton, IL: Adventures Unlimited Press, 1996), p. 146.

[218] Gerry Gable. “The growing Nazi axis.” Searchlight (May 8, 2017).

[219] Ibid.

[220] John Kersey. “Preserving the substance of a nation.” Traditional Britain Group (October 2013).

[221] “About.” traditionalbritain.org (accessed May 12, 2017).

[222] Ibid.

[223] Paul Jackson. “Traditional Britain: The New Revolutionary Conservatives.” Searchlight (January 30, 2014).

[224] Gerry Gable. “The growing Nazi axis.” Searchlight (May 8, 2017).

[225] Ibid.

[226] Tucker Carlson. “Tucker Carlson: Tyranny is coming unless someone stops Democrats' COVID power grab.” Fox News (December 2, 2021). Retrieved from https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/tucker-carlson-tyrany-democrats-covid-power-grab

[227] “Fox News Channel Tops Cable in Total Day Viewers for Record Eight Consecutive Months.” Fox News (February 2017).

[228] Ibid.

[229] Daniel Chaitin. “Roger Stone: Steve Bannon’s former ‘title of chief strategist is a misnomer, at best’.” Washington Examiner (January 4, 2018).

[230] Tim Mak. “The Troublemaker Behind Donald Trump’s Words.” The Daily Beast (January 19, 2017).

[231] “The Daily Caller.” SourceWatch. Retrieved from https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/The_Daily_Caller

[232] Stephen Piggott & Alex Amend. “The Daily Caller Has A White Nationalist Problem,” The Southern Poverty Law Center (August 16, 2017).

[233] Philip Elliott & Zeke Miller. “Inside Donald Trump’s Chaotic Transition.” Time (November 18, 2016).

[234] Jane Mayer. “The Reclusive Hedge-Fund Tycoon Behind the Trump Presidency.” The New Yorker (March 27, 2017 Issue).

[235] David Livingstone. Ordo ab Chao, Volume Six, Chapter 15: Big Data.

[236] Carole Cadwalladr. “The great British Brexit robbery: how our democracy was hijacked.” The Guardian (May 7, 2017).

[237] Nicholas Confessore & Matthew Rosenberg. “Peter Thiel Employee Helped Cambridge Analytica Before It Harvested Data.” New York Times (March 27, 2018).

[238] Peter Thiel. “The Education of a Libertarian.” Response Essays, Cato Unbound (April 13, 2009).

[239] Eliana Johnson. “Donald Trump’s ‘shadow president’ in Silicon Valley.” Politico (February 26, 2017).

[240] “Conservative blogger Curtis Yarvin joins Tucker Carlson Today.” Fox Nation (September 08, 2021). Retrieved from https://video.foxnews.com/v/6271592770001#sp=show-clips

[241] Andy Beckett. “Accelerationism: How a fringe philosophy predicted the future we live in.” The Guardian (May 11, 2017).

[242] Zack Beauchamp. “Accelerationism: the obscure idea inspiring white supremacist killers around the world.” Vox (November 18, 2019).

[243] Jean-Paul Bourré. Les sectes Lucifériennes aujourd'hui (Belfond, 1978), p. 99.

[244] “Reviewing Religions: The Process.” Frontline.

[245] Beauchamp. “Accelerationism.”

[246] Andy Beckett. “Accelerationism: How a fringe philosophy predicted the future we live in.” The Guardian (May 11, 2017).

[247] Nick Land. “Occult Xenosystems.” Xenosystems (October 11, 2020). Retrieved from http://www.xenosystems.net/occult-xenosystems/

[248] Harrison Fluss & Landon Frim. “Behemoth and Leviathan: The Fascist Bestiary of the Alt-Right.” Salvage (December 21, 2017). Retrieved from https://salvage.zone/in-print/behemoth-and-leviathan-the-fascist-bestiary-of-the-alt-right/

[249] H. E. Upchurch. “The Iron March Forum and the Evolution of the ‘Skull Mask’ Neo-Fascist Network.” CTC Sentinel, 14, 10 (December 22, 2021), pp. 27–37.

[250] H. E. Upchurch. “The Iron March Forum and the Evolution of the ‘Skull Mask’ Neo-Fascist Network.” CTC Sentinel, 14, 10 (December 22, 2021), pp. 27–37; Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke. Black Sun: Aryan Cults, Esoteric Nazism, and the Politics of Identity, p. 19.

[251] “James Mason.” Southern Poverty Law Center. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/20190617183023/https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/extremist-files/individual/james-mason

[252] Ibid.

[253] Ibid.

[254] A.C. Thompson, Ali Winston & Jake Hanrahan. “California Murder Suspect Said to Have Trained With Extremist Hate Group.” ProPublica (January 26, 2018).

[255] Alexander Reid Ross & Emmi Bevensee. “Confronting the Rise of Eco-Fascism Means Grappling with Complex Systems.” Center for Analysis of the Radical Right (July 2020), p. 16.

[256] H. E. Upchurch. “The Iron March Forum and the Evolution of the ‘Skull Mask’ Neo-Fascist Network.” CTC Sentinel, 14, 10 (December 22, 2021), pp. 27–37; Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke. Black Sun: Aryan Cults, Esoteric Nazism, and the Politics of Identity, p. 29.

[257] James Bacigalupo, Robin Maria Valeri & Kevin Borgeson. Cyberhate: The Far Right in the Digital Age (Rowman & Littlefield, Jan 15, 2022), p. 113.

[258] Alex Newhouse. “The Threat Is the Network: The Multi-Node Structure of Neo-Fascist Accelerationism.” CTC Sentinel (June 2021), p. 18.

[259] Bacigalupo, Maria Valeri & Borgeson. Cyberhate, p. 113.

[260] Alex Newhouse. “The Threat Is the Network: The Multi-Node Structure of Neo-Fascist Accelerationism.” CTC Sentinel (June 2021), p. 21.

[261] Daniel De Simone & Ali Winston. “Neo-Nazi militant group grooms teenagers.” BBC News (June 22, 2020). Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-53128169

[262] Ben Mach & Mark Lamoureux. “Neo-Nazi Terror Leader Said to Have Worked With U.S. Special Forces.” Vice News (September 24, 2020). Retrieved from https://www.vice.com/en/article/k7qdzv/neo-nazi-terror-leader-said-to-have-worked-with-us-special-forces

[263] Bacigalupo, Maria Valeri & Borgeson. Cyberhate, p. 113.

[264] Newhouse. “The Threat Is the Network,” p. 18.

[265] Daniel Sallamaa & Tommi Kotonen. “The case against the Nordic Resistance Movement in Finland: an overview and some explanations.” RightNow! (Nov 2, 2020). Retrieved from https://www.sv.uio.no/c-rex/english/news-and-events/right-now/2020/the-case-against-the-nordic-resistance-movement.html

[266] “Uusnatsiryhmä Ukonvasama järjestää natsitapahtuman Aurassa viikonloppuna.” Varisverkosto. Retrieved from https://varisverkosto.com/2020/06/uusnatsiryhma-ukonvasama-jarjestaa-natsitapahtuman-aurassa-viikonloppuna

[267] A.C. Thompson, Ali Winston & Jake Hanrahan. “California Murder Suspect Said to Have Trained With Extremist Hate Group.” ProPublica (January 26, 2018).

[268] Alexander Reid Ross & Emmi Bevensee. “Confronting the Rise of Eco-Fascism Means Grappling with Complex Systems.” Center for Analysis of the Radical Right (July 2020), p. 16.

[269] Upchurch. “The Iron March Forum and the Evolution of the ‘Skull Mask’ Neo-Fascist Network.”

[270] Jacob C.Senholt. “Secret Identities in the Sinister Tradition: Political Esotericism and the Convergence of Radical Islam, Satanism, and National Socialism in the Order of Nine Angles.” In The Devil's Party: Satanism in Modernity. (eds.) Faxneld and Jesper Aagaard Peterse (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013), p. 269; Connell Monette. Mysticism in the 21st Century (Wilsonville, Oregon: Sirius Academic Press, 2013), p. 96.

[271] Upchurch. “The Iron March Forum and the Evolution of the ‘Skull Mask’ Neo-Fascist Network,” pp. 32.

[272] Ibid., pp. 32–33.

[273] A.C. Thompson, Ali Winston & Jake Hanrahan. “Inside Atomwaffen as it celebrates a member for allegedly killing a gay Jewish college student” ProPublica (February 23, 2018).

[274] Dan Sullivan. “Experts: One-time neo-Nazi charged in double murder has autism, schizophrenia.” Tampa Bay Times (December 12, 2019).

[275] Beauchamp. “Accelerationism.”

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]]>David Icke, Fascism and ConspiritualityDavid LivingstoneThu, 30 Sep 2021 18:44:00 +0000https://ordoabchao.ca/articles/rudolf-hess-jewish-drug5dbdcf85f13fc5620ba73deb:5dbdd2d788977b62a37847f8:61560579495b592c2444fe17

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At Nuremberg, Rudolf Hess was apparently preparing to make what he referred to as a “great revelation” that appears to betray a connection to the CIA’s own attempts at “mind-control” through the use of various psychotropic drugs, particularly LSD, experimentation which they reportedly inherited from the Nazis. Prisoner liaison Gustave M. Gibert discovered what this may have been in Hess’ British medical records, where he presented his doctor with a list of world leaders he believed had been hypnotized by a secret Jewish drug that would put them in a mental state where they would do things they normally would not. Included in the list were Prime Minister Winston Churchill, his deputy Anthony Eden, Umberto II of Italy, Claus von Stauffenberg—who was one of the leaders of the failed July 20 plot of 1944 to assassinate Hitler—and Hess himself.[1]

Before Hitler rejected the idea, Hess wanted to establish a large Central Institute for Occultism with faculties like a modern university with his astrologer Dr. Schulte Strathaus.[2] Strathaus was an enthusiastic supporter of the Munich doctor and parapsychologist Albert von Schrenck-Notzing (1862 – 1929), who was connected to the birth of the field of psychiatry and the study of hypnotism.[3] Research psychiatrist E. Fuller Torrey in The Mind Game aligns hypnotic techniques with witchcraft.”[4] People have been employing hypnotic-type states for thousands of years, and in many cultures and religions. Hypnosis is what has been referred to in the past as casting a spell, or the trance or altered states of consciousness of mystics, mediums and shamans.

According to William Kroger and William Fezler in Hypnosis and Behavior Modification, “For centuries, Zen, Buddhist, Tibetan, and Yogic methods have used a system of meditation and an altered state of consciousness similar to hypnosis.”[5] When Ernest Hilgard, an American psychologist and professor at Stanford University—who became famous in the 1950s for his research on hypnosis—was asked what was the difference between hypnosis as used by a trained practitioner and that used by shamans or witch doctors, he responded, “Trained practitioners know a great deal about contemporary psychotherapy and hypnosis is merely adjuvant. In this they differ from those whose practices are essentially magical.”[6] 

As shown in “The Consolation of Theosophy II,” an article by Frederick C. Crews for The New York Review of Books, several scholars have established that Freud was among the key figures who developed therapy through the retrieval of forgotten trauma, through a debt to Mesmer.[7] Western scientists first became involved in hypnosis around 1770, through the influence of occultist Franz Anton Mesmer. The theories and practices of mesmerism greatly influenced the up-and-coming field of psychiatry with such early practitioners as Jean Martin Charcot, Pierre Janet and Freud. Adam Crabtree’s From Mesmer to Freud: Magnetic Sleep and the Roots of Psychological Healing traces Mesmer’s use of hypnotism to uncover the influence of unconscious mental activity as the source of repressed thoughts or impulses in the theories of Freud. Jonathan Miller traced the steps by which psychologists gradually stripped Mesmerism of its occult associations, reducing it to mere hypnosis and thus paving the way for recognition of non-conscious mental functioning.[8]

Schrenck-Notzing became involved in the Cosmic Movement, established by Max Theon (1848 – 4 March 1927), born Louis-Maximilian Bimstein, a Polish Jewish Kabbalist and occultist. Theon was the Grand Master of the Hermetic Brotherhood of Luxor (HBofL), related to the “Brotherhood of Luxor” mentioned by Helena Blavatsky. Most of its members were also prominent members of the Theosophical Society.[9] The order’s teachings drew heavily from the sex magic of Paschal Beverly Randolph, who influenced groups such as the Ordo Templi Orientis (OTO) later headed by Aleister Crowley.

Theon gathered a number of students, including Charles Barlet and a Zionist and Kabbalist named Louis Themanlys, and they established the Cosmic Movement based on material channeled by Theon’s wife, which includes an account of creation that incorporates elements of Lurianic Kabbalah.[10] In 1934, Themanlys published Les merveilles du Becht (“Wonders of Becht”), the first book in French about the Baal Shem Tov. Also interested in the cosmic work were Tomáš Masaryk (who became the first President of Czechoslovakia), the poets Helene Vacaresco and Anna de Noailles, Dr. Serge Voronoff, the occultist and friend of Richard Wager, Edouard Schuré, the psychologist Albert von Schrenck-Notzing, the Princess of Rohan in Vienna, the Hellenist Mario Meunier, General Zinovy Peshkov, the Marchioness Ali Maccarani of Florence, and others.[11] According to a document authored by Peter Davidson, a Scottish Freemason who had been in contact with Francis George Irwin, the order was established by Theon, who when in England was initiated as a Neophyte by “an adept of the serene, ever-existing and ancient Order of the original HB of L.”[12] Theon recruited Davidson to join him in administering the HBofL. Together with Thomas H. Burgoyne, Theon and Davidson adapted Randolph’s The Mysteries of Eros and Eulis!, placing more emphasis on practical sex magic in the brotherhood’s curriculum.[13]

Eduard Schuré (1841 – 1929), a French publicist of esoteric literature, was listed by Lanz von Liebenfels, one of the early architects of the racial theories of the Nazis, as a representative of the tradition of “Ariosophy,” along with Eliphas Lévi, Josephin Péladan, Papus, H.P. Blavatsky, Franz Hartmann, Annie Besant, Charles Leadbeater. Schuré called the three most significant of his friendships those with Richard Wagner, Marguerita Albana Mignaty and Rudolf Steiner.[14] Impressed by Wagner’s Tristan and Isolde, he sought out the composer’s personal friendship. In 1873, he met Friedrich Nietzsche who shared his enthusiasm for Wagner. In 1884, he met H.P. Blavatsky and joined the Theosophical Society.

At the end of the nineteenth century, largely unacknowledged by historians of the human sciences, psychical researchers such as von Schrenck-Notzing, Frederic and Arthur Myers, Edmund Gurney, Julian Ochorowicz, Charles Richet, Max Dessoir, Richard Hodgson and Henry and Eleanor Sidgwick were actively involved in the development of the emerging science of psychology. “While rooted in attempts to test controversial claims of telepathy, clairvoyance and survival of death,” explains Sommer, “these contributions enriched early psychological knowledge quite independently of the still hotly debated evidence for ‘supernormal’ phenomena.”[15] Joseph Jastrow, one of the founding members of the American Society for Psychical Research, reminisced about the problem of psychical research, “which in the closing decades of the nineteenth century was so prominent that in many circles a psychologist meant a ‘spook hunter’.”[16]

For the most part, as indicated by Andreas Sommers, historians have failed to assess the wider implications of the fact that William James, the founder of academic psychology in America, considered himself a psychical researcher and sought to assimilate the scientific study of mediumship, telepathy and other paranormal subject into the new field. In 1884, William James became a founding member of the American Society for Psychical Research (ASPR) and, in 1894 and 1895, a president of the SPR, and he reviewed and defended the work of the SPR in psychology and science periodicals like Mind, the Psychological Review, Nature and Science.

Sigmund Freud and William James met once in 1909, at a gathering of psychologists at Clark University in Worcester, Massachusetts. Several other psychologists who had also attended soon came to achieve renown in their own right, including Carl Jung, Alfred Adler, and Ernest Jones, who had arrived with Freud. But it was Freud who was the star attraction at the conference, and it was his Five Lectures on Psycho-Analysis that James had come to hear. In the late 1880s, Freud studied hypnotism under Hippolyte Bernheim (1840 – 1919) in Nancy, together with Wilhelm Hübbe-Schleiden. Bernheim was a Jewish physician and neurologist from France, chiefly known for his theory of suggestibility in relation to hypnotism.[17] Bernheim also had a significant influence on Freud, who had visited Bernheim in 1889, and witnessed some of his experiments. Freud would later refer to himself a pupil of Bernheim, and it was out of his practice of Bernheim’s suggestion and hypnosis that psychoanalysis would evolve.[18] Freud had already translated Bernheim’s On Suggestion and its Applications to Therapy in 1888, and later described how “I was a spectator of Bernheim’s astonishing experiments upon his hospital patients, and I received the profoundest impression of the possibility that there could be powerful mental processes which nevertheless remained hidden from the consciousness of man.”[19]

Hübbe-Schleiden was an associate of Henry Steel Olcott and Annie Besant, who founded the German Theosophical Society, to which belonged Franz Hartmann and Rudolf Steiner. It has been suggested that the hasty attempt to found a German branch of the Theosophical Society sprang from Blavatsky’s desire for a new center after a scandal involving charges of charlatanism against the theosophists at Madras early in 1884 by Richard Hodgson of the SPR.[20] Hübbe-Schleiden was also a founding member of the formation of the German Gesellschaft für psychologische Forschung (“Society for Psychological Research”), established in 1890 with von Schrenck-Notzing and fellow SPR member Max Dessoir (1867 – 1947).[21] According to Andreas Sommer, Dessoir and Schrenck-Notzing closely followed the example of SPR member William James by acting as conduits for French and English strands of experimental psychology.[22]

Dessoir, who was born in Berlin into a German Jewish family, was an associate of Pierre Janet and Freud. Dessoir was an amateur magician who had used the pseudonym “Edmund W. Rells,” and was interested in the history and psychology of magic. Dessoir is also known for his coinage of the term “Parapsychologie” in an attempt to delineate the scientific study of a certain class of “abnormal,” though not necessarily pathological mental phenomena. He published a series of articles entitled The Psychology of Legerdemain, which were printed in five weekly installments for the Open Court journal in 1893.[23] He was a professor at Berlin from 1897 until 1933, when the Nazis forbade him to teach.

The Gesellschaft was an amalgamation of two previously existing associations: the Psychologische Gesellschaft (“Psychological Society”) in Munich, cofounded by Schrenck-Notzing, and the Gesellschaft für Experimental-Psychologie (“Society of Experimental Psychology”) in Berlin under the leadership of Dessoir. Both organizations were founded as psychical research societies similar to the SPR in England, whose research program, which included studies of telepathy, apparitional experiences, mediumship, and hypnotism, they attempted to emulate. In her study of fin-de-siecle German occultism, Corinna Treitel noted that although historians have been reluctant to explore the co-emergence of psychical research and academic psychology, there is much evidence to suggest that a history of German psychology would not be complete without it.[24]

The foundation of the Psychologische Gesellschaft in 1886 was preceded in January of the same year by Hübbe-Schleiden’s periodical The Sphinx, which was a powerful influence in the German occult revival until 1895. Both Dessoir and Schrenck-Notzing were regular contributors. The focus of publication was the promotion of the “transcendental psychology” of Carl du Prel (1839 – 1899), a German philosopher and writer on mysticism and the occult, as outlined in his Philosophie der Mystik. According to Sommer, “It was owing to the purpose of establishing du Prel’s transcendental psychology, whose empirical foundations were research into dreams, mesmerism, somnambulism, and hypnotism, that The Sphinx became one of the most important—if not the most important—early German periodicals serving as a conduit for the latestworks in hypnotism from France and England.”[25] The fourth edition of Freud’s The Interpretation of Dreams (1914) positively cites du Prel as both a mystic and one whose conclusions parallel and apply Freud’s work.[26]

Schrenck-Notzing devoted his time to the study of paranormal events connected with mediumship, hypnotism and telepathy. He investigated spiritualist mediums such as Willi Schneider, Rudi Schneider, and Valentine Dencausse.[27] Also a witness to these experiments was author Thomas Mann, who detailed his experiences with Willy and Rudi Schneider in Okkulte Erlebnisse (“Occult Experiences”). Schrenck-Notzing investigated the medium Eva Carrière. Carrière was well known for running around the séance room naked indulging in sexual activities with her audience. During the course of the séance sittings with Schrenck-Notzing, her companion Juliette Bisson would put her finger into Eva’s vagina to ensure no “ectoplasm” had been placed there beforehand to deceived the investigators, and she would also strip nude at the end of a séance, demanding another full gynecological exam.[28] Carrière’s psychic performances were investigated by Arthur Conan Doyle, and Harry Houdini dismissed her performance as a magician’s trick, the Hindu needle trick.[29] Schrenck-Notzing, however, believed the ectoplasm she produced was real. However, Schrenck-Notzing theorized that her ectoplasm “materializations” did not have anything to do with spirits, but were the result of “ideoplasty” in which the medium could form images onto ectoplasm from her mind.[30]

In the early 1890s, Prof Charles Robert Richet (1850 – 1935), the president of the British SPR, invited Schrenck-Notzing to attend sittings with the notorious Italian medium Eusapia Paladino, who converted previous sceptics, such as Cesare Lombroso, Enrico Morselli and Pierre Curie, to a belief in paranormal phenomena.[31] Richet was a French physiologist at the Collège de France known for his pioneering work in immunology. In 1913, he won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine “in recognition of his work on anaphylaxis.” Richet devoted many years to the study of paranormal and spiritualist phenomena, coining the term “ectoplasm.” Richet also believed in the inferiority of blacks, was a proponent of eugenics and presided over the French Eugenics Society towards the end of his life.

Paladino claimed powers such as the ability to levitate tables, communicate with the dead through her spirit guide John King, and to produce other supernatural phenomena. Joseph Jastrow, in his book The Psychology of Conviction (1918), included a chapter denouncing Palladino as a fraud. Harry Houdini and Joseph Rinn also claimed her feats were conjuring tricks. Max Dessoir and Albert Moll of Berlin detected the precise substitution tricks that were used by Palladino. Dessoir and Moll wrote: “The main point is cleverly to distract attention and to release one or both hands or one or both feet. This is Paladino’s chief trick.”[32]

While Paladino would cheat whenever she was given the opportunity, she was nevertheless reported to have produced, sometimes under good conditions of experimental control, levitations and remote manipulations of objects, materializations of human forms and the development of bizarre pseudopodia. Many skeptical scientists who came to investigate her left as believers. For example, Cesare Lombroso, one of the chief enemies of psychical research and spiritualism in Italy, attended sittings with Palladino in the 1890s with the intent of exposing her, but left completely convinced and embraced the spirit hypothesis to explain some of these phenomena. Most other investigators of Palladino and other mediums, such as Charles Richet, Enrico Morselli, Théodore Flournoy and Schrenck-Notzing, however, rejected the spirit hypothesis and favored a psychodynamic explanation in terms of “teleplasty” or “ideoplasty,” describing the materializations as “externalized dreams” of physical mediums.[33] 

The definitive blow to Paladino, and the credibility of mediums and seances in general, came when James’ student the Harvard psychologist Hugo Münsterberg—who worked for the German Propaganda Kabinett that counted George Sylvester Viereck, Otto Kahn’s friend Hanns Heinz Ewers, among its members and resources, who were all intimately acquainted with Aleister Crowley—with the help of a hidden man lying under a table, caught her levitating the table with her foot.[34] Münsterberg’s report, originally published in the Metropolitan Magazine in 1910, reprinted with minor changes in American Problems in 1912, was summarized in the New York Times and many other papers across the country and beyond, and publicized in both the popular and scientific press as the final verdict on paranormal phenomena for public general in general.[35] Münsterberg’s conclusion was that, “Her greatest wonders are absolutely nothing but fraud and humbug; this is no longer a theory but a proven fact.”[36] At the same time, however, Münsterberg believed that Paladino might not be held fully responsible for her deceptions, proposing that it was “improbable that Madame Palladino, in her normal state is fully conscious of this fraud. I rather suppose it to be a case of complex hysteria in which a splitting of the personality has set in.”[37]

In 1912, the SPR extended a request for a contribution to a special medical edition of its Proceedings to Sigmund Freud. Though according to Ronald W. Clark, “Freud surmised, no doubt correctly, that the existence of any link between the founding fathers of psychoanalysis and investigation of the paranormal would hamper acceptance of psychoanalysis” as would any perceived involvement with the occult. Nonetheless, Freud did respond, contributing an essay titled “A Note on the Unconscious in Psycho-Analysis” to the Medical Supplement to the Proceedings of the Society for Psychical Research.[38]

The uncle to Jung’s grandfather was Johann Sigmund Jung (1745 – 1824), a member of the Illuminati.[39] In his autobiography, Jung attributes the roots of his destiny as the founder of analytical psychology to his ancestor Dr. Carl Jung of Mainz (d. 1645), whom he portrays as a follower of the Rosicrucian and alchemist Michael Maier.[40] Jung indicated that his own grandfather, Carl Gustav Jung Sr., famous as a doctor in Basel, rector of the University and a Grand Master of Swiss Masons, and that his coat of arms included Rosicrucian and Masonic symbolism. During his student days, he entertained acquaintances with the family legend that his paternal grandfather was the illegitimate son of Goethe and his German great-grandmother, Sophie Ziegler.[41]

Jung’s mother, Emilie Preiswerk, was the youngest child of a distinguished Basel churchman and academic, Samuel Preiswerk (1799 – 1871), an antistes of the Swiss Reformed Church and a proto-Zionist, who taught Jung’s father Paul Hebrew at Basel University. Emilie’s father, who learned Hebrew because he believed it was spoken in heaven, accepted the reality of spirits, and kept a chair in his study for the ghost of his deceased first wife, who often came to visit him. Emilie herself often demonstrated “mediumistic powers” in her late teens and continued to enter curious trance states throughout her life, and during them she would communicate with the spirits of the dead.[42] In the doctoral thesis that emerged from these proceedings, On the Psychology and Pathology of So-called Occult Phenomena, Jung described séances held with his cousin Helene Preiswerk, whom Jung refers to her as a “young woman with marked mediumistic faculties,” and other family members.

In 1900, Carl Jung moved to Zürich and began working at the Burghölzli psychiatric hospital under Eugen Bleuler (1857 – 1939), a Swiss psychiatrist and eugenicist, whose thought was derived from Spinoza and Nietzsche. Bleuler was already in communication with Freud, who eventually developed a close friendship with Jung. For six years they cooperated in their work. As sitters in Schrenck-Notzing psychical research seances, Bleuler and Jung confirmed reports of movements of objects and other phenomena previously observed with Willi Schneider’s brother Rudi and his predecessors.

Swiss psychiatrist Ernst Rüdin (1874 – 1952) developed the concept of “empirical genetic prognosis” of mental disorders, having worked as assistant to Bleuler, who was renowned for his work on schizophrenia.[43] Rüdin headed the Rockefeller-funded Kaisser Wilhelm institution in Münich. In 1932, Rüdin was designated president of the worldwide International Federation of Eugenics Organizations (IFEO) at the Third International Eugenics Congress in New York. When Hitler came to power, his regime appointed him head of the Racial Hygiene Society. Rüdin and his staff, as part of the Task Force of Heredity Experts chaired by SS chief Heinrich Himmler, drew up the Nazi sterilization law. It is estimated that between 220 000 and 269 500 individuals with schizophrenia were sterilized or killed. This total represents between 73 percent and 100 percent of all individuals with schizophrenia living in Germany between 1939 and 1945.[44] Rüdin has been cited as a more senior and influential architect of Nazi crimes than the infamous Josef Mengele who had attended his lectures and been employed by his Institute.

Records of the sittings with Rudi were compiled by Gerda Walther after Schrenck-Notzing’s death and published by his widow with a foreword by Bleuler.[45] Gerda Walther was also a close friend of Edith Stein (1891 – 1942), a German Jewish philosopher who converted to Catholicism and became a Discalced Carmelite nun. She was born into an observant Jewish family, but had become an atheist by her teenage years. From reading the works of the Marrano of the Carmelite Order, Teresa of Ávila, she was drawn to the Catholic faith. She was baptized on 1 January 1922 into the Catholic Church. In her childhood, Walther came into contact with her parents’ social democratic friends, including August Bebel, Klara Zetkin, Rosa Luxemburg, Wilhelm Liebknecht and Adolf Geck. Walther, who is considered an exponent of phenomenology, later became a student of philosopher Edmund Husserl (1859 – 1938), who was a major influence on Martin Heidegger, whom she met in 1929. She was executed at Auschwitz and eventually canonized as a martyr and saint of the Catholic Church. She was beatified in 1987 by Pope John Paul II as St. Teresa Benedicta of the Cross.

Anthony Masters in The Man Who Was M: The Life of Charles Henry Maxwell Knight, has claimed that Hess’ trip was part of a scheme devised by British Intelligence officer Ian Fleming, creator of James Bond, modelled on sorcerer John Dee. Masters also claims that Hess selected the date of the flight after he was informed by his astrologer Schulte-Strathaus, that there was going to be a rare alignment of six planets in the astrological sign of Taurus at the time of the full moon on May 11, 1941, exactly one day after his landing in Scotland. Hitler, who had not authorized the flight, saw it as a betrayal or the act of a mentally ill person. He ordered that all supporters should be arrested. On the morning of May 14, Schulte Strathaus was arrested and taken for questioning by the Gestapo. In the course of the investigation, Gerda Walther was arrested and interrogated about her correspondence with Schulte Strathaus. During the interrogation, Walther explained that she had seen Schulte Strathaus as an “enthusiastic supporter of Schrenck.”[46] Schulte Strathaus transferred to the Sachsenhausen concentration camp.[47] 

In his statement to the court at Nuremberg, Hess claimed that he had predicted in advance that numerous of his former Nazi colleagues would make false confessions and incriminate their associates, and he implied that it may have been the result of mind-control. Hess cites a large Paris newspaper Le Jour which apparently revealed that the Moscow show trails employed “rather mysterious means.” He quoted the Vökisch Observer which reprinted from Le Jour: “These means make it possible for the selected victims to be made to act and speak according to the orders given them.” According to Hess, “The latter point is of tremendous importance in connection with the actions, the hitherto inexplicable actions of the personnel in the German concentration camps, including the scientists and physicians who made these frightful and atrocious experiments on the prisoners, actions which normal human beings, especially physicians and scientists, could not possibly carry out.” This explanation, according to Hess, is equally applicable to those who gave the order to perform these atrocities, all the way to Hitler himself. Hess mentions the testimony of Field Marshal Milch and that of a number of his comrades who told him that during the last years, Hitler’s “eyes and facial expression had something cruel in them, and even had a tendency towards madness.” Hess also remarked that those assigned to him while he was captive in England also were in “an abnormal state of mind,” as their eyes were “glassy and like eyes in a dream.” The same was the case with the British Army doctor who attended him, whom he named Dr. Johnston, a Scotsman. Lastly, Hess notes that reports of the Moscow trials also described the defendants has having strange eyes.

Final statement Rudolf Hess

[1] Nuremberg: Nazis on Trial. Episode 3. BBC Documentary (2006).

[2] Joseph Howard Tyson. The Surreal Reich (iUniverse, 2010), p. 361.

[3] Gerda Walther. Zum anderen Ufer. Vom Marxismus und Atheismus zum Christentum (Reichl Verlag, St. Goar 1960), S. 473f., 591.

[4] E. Fuller Torrey. The Mind Game (New York: Emerson Hall Publishers, Inc., 1972), p. 70.

[5] William Kroger & William Fezler. Hypnosis and Behavior Modification: Imagery Conditioning (Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Co., 1976), p. 412.

[6] Letter to the authors (September 15, 1985), Martin and Deidre Bobgan. Hypnosis: Medical, Scientific, or Occultic? (Santa Barbara: EastGate Publishers, 2001) p. 91.

[7] See, e.g., Henri F. Ellenberger. The Discovery of the Unconscious: The History and Evolution of Dynamic Psychiatry (Basic Books, 1970); Malcolm Macmillan, Freud Evaluated: The Completed Arc (North-Holland, 1991; second edition forthcoming from MIT Press, 1997); and Adam Crabtree, From Mesmer to Freud: Magnetic Sleep and the Roots of Psychological Healing (Yale University Press, 1993).

[8] Jonathan Miller. “Going Unconscious,” in Hidden Histories of Science, edited by Robert B. Silvers (New York Review Books, 1995), pp. 1-35; cited in Frederick C. Crews, “The Consolation of Theosophy II” The New York Review of Books Vol. 43, No. 15 (October 3, 1996).

[9] Joscelyn Godwin, Christian Chanel &, John Patrick Deveney. The Hermetic Brotherhood of Luxor: Initiatic and Historical Documents of an Order of Practical Occultism (Samuel Weiser, 1995).

[10] Max Théon & Alma Théon. La Tradition Cosmique, 6 Vols, (Bibliothèque Chacornac/Publications Cosmiques, Paris, 1903).

[11] Pascal Themanlys. “Le Mouvement Cosmique.” Retrieved from http://www.abpw.net/cosmique/theon/mouvem.htm

[12] Godwin, Chanel & Deveney. The Hermetic Brotherhood of Luxor, p. 95

[13] Nevill Drury. Stealing Fire from Heaven: The Rise of Modern Western Magic (New York: Oxford University Press, 2011), p. 104.

[14] Paul M. Allen, biographical introduction to Schuré’s The Great Initiates.

[15] Andreas Sommer. “Policing Epistemic Deviance: Albert von Schrenck-Notzing and Albert Moll.” Medical History, 2012 Apr; 56(2): 255–276.

[16] Jastrow. Autobiography. in Carl Murchison [ed.] A History of Psychology in Autobiography, vol. 1 (Worcester, MA: Clark University Press, 1930), pp. 135–62, cited in Sommer. “Policing Epistemic Deviance.”

[17] R. Gregory ed. The Oxford Companion to the Mind (1987), p. 332.

[18] Sigmund Freud. Introductory Lectures of Psychoanalysis (PFL 1) p. 501-2.

[19] Cited in Ernest Jones. The Life and Work of Sigmund Freud (1964) p. 211.

[20] Goodrick-Clarke. The Occult Roots of Nazism, p. 23.

[21] Andreas Sommer. “Normalizing the Supernormal: The Formation of the “Gesellschaft Für Psychologische Forschung” (“Society for Psychological Research”), c. 1886–1890.” Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences, 2013 January; 49(1): 18–44.

[22] Andreas Sommer. “Policing epistemic deviance: Albert Von Schrenck-Notzing and Albert Moll(1).” Medical History. 56: 255–276.

[23] Colin Williamson. Hidden in Plain Sight: An Archaeology of Magic and the Cinema (Rutgers University Press, 2015), p. 203.

[24] C. Treitel. A science for the soul. Occultism and the genesis of the German modern (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2004), p. 45

[25] Andreas Sommer. “Normalizing the Supernormal: The Formation of the “Gesellschaft Für Psychologische Forschung” (“Society for Psychological Research”), c. 1886–1890.” Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences, 2013 Jan; 49(1): 18–44.

[26] Jason Josephson-Storm. The Myth of Disenchantment: Magic, Modernity, and the Birth of the Human Sciences (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2017), p. 179-80.

[27] Andreas Sommer. “Policing Epistemic Deviance: Albert von Schrenck-Notzing and Albert Moll.” Medical History, 2012 Apr; 56(2): 255–276.

[28] Kalush. The Secret Life of Houdini: The Making of America’s First Superhero (Atria Books, 2006). p. 419.

[29] Harry Houdini. A Magician among the Spirits (Cambridge Library Collection - Spiritualism and Esoteric Knowledge). (Cambridge University Press, 2011).

[30] M. Brady Brower. Unruly Spirits: The Science of Psychic Phenomena in Modern France (University of Illinois Press, 2010), p. 120.

[31] Sommer. “Policing Epistemic Deviance.”

[32] Joseph Jastrow. The Psychology of Conviction (Houghton Mifflin Company, 1918), pp. 100–111.

[33] Sommer. “Policing Epistemic Deviance.”

[34] C.E.M. Hansel. ESP and Parapsychology: A Critical Re-Evaluation (Prometheus Books, 1980). pp. 58–64.

[35] Sommer. “Policing Epistemic Deviance.”

[36] Hugo Münsterberg. American Problems from the Point of View of a Psychologist (New York: Moffat, Yard, 1912).

[37] Ibid.

[38] James P. Keeley. “Subliminal Promptings: Psychoanalytic Theory and the Society for Psychical Research.” American Imago, vol. 58 no. 4, 2001, pp. 767–791.

[39] Terry Melanson. “Was Carl Jung’s Ancestor an Illuminatus?” Bavarian-Illuminati.com ((17/2/2009)). Retrieved from http://www.bavarian-illuminati.info/2009/02/was-carl-jungs-ancestor-an-illuminatus/

[40] Hereward Tilton. The Quest for the Phoenix: Spiritual Alchemy and Rosicrucianism in the Work of Count Michael Maier (1569-1622), (Walter de Gruyter, 2003), p. 23.

[41] Gerhard Wehr. Jung: A Biography (Boston/Shaftesbury, Dorset: Shambhala, 1987), p. 14.

[42] Gary Lachman. Jung the Mystic (Penguin Publishing Group. Kindle Edition), p. 18.

[43] Müller A, Hell D. “Eugen Bleuler and forensic psychiatry.” International Journal of Law and Psychiatry (2002; 25) pp. 351-360.

[44] E. Fuller Torrey and Robert H. Yolken. “Psychiatric Genocide: Nazi Attempts to Eradicate Schizophrenia,” Schizophrenia Bulletin (Volume 36, Issue 1).

[45] Ibid.

[46] Gerda Walther. Zum anderen Ufer. Vom Marxismus und Atheismus zum Christentum (Reichl Verlag, St. Goar 1960), S. 473f., 591.

[47] Susanne Meinl. Bodo Hechelhammer: Geheimobjekt Pullach (Berlin: Christoph Links Verlag, 2014), S. 55 ff.

1. The Russian Roots of Nazism: White Emigres and the Making of National Socialism, 1917-1945

By Michael Kellogg

This book examines the overlooked topic of the influence of anti-Bolshevik, anti-Semitic Russian exiles on Nazism. White émigrés contributed politically, financially, militarily, and ideologically to National Socialism. This work refutes the notion that Nazism developed as a peculiarly German phenomenon: it arose primarily from the cooperation between völkisch (nationalist/racist) Germans and vengeful White émigrés. From 1920-1923, Adolf Hitler collaborated with a conspiratorial far right German-White émigré organization, Aufbau (Reconstruction). Aufbau allied with Nazis to overthrow the German government and Bolshevik rule through terrorism and military-paramilitary schemes. This organization's warnings of the monstrous 'Jewish Bolshevik' peril helped to inspire Hitler to launch an invasion of the Soviet Union and to initiate the mass murder of European Jews. This book uses extensive archival materials from Germany and Russia, including recently declassified documents, and will prove invaluable reading for anyone interested in the international roots of National Socialism.

2. One Nation Under God: How Corporate America Invented Christian America

By Kevin M. Kruse

We're often told that the United States is, was, and always has been a Christian nation. But in One Nation Under God, historian Kevin M. Kruse reveals that the belief that America is fundamentally and formally Christian originated in the 1930s. To fight the "slavery" of FDR's New Deal, businessmen enlisted religious activists in a campaign for "freedom under God" that culminated in the election of their ally Dwight Eisenhower in 1952. The new president revolutionized the role of religion in American politics. He inaugurated new traditions like the National Prayer Breakfast, as Congress added the phrase "under God" to the Pledge of Allegiance and made "In God We Trust" the country's first official motto. Church membership soon soared to an all-time high of 69 percent. Americans across the religious and political spectrum agreed that their country was "one nation under God." Provocative and authoritative, One Nation Under God reveals how an unholy alliance of money, religion, and politics created a false origin story that continues to define and divide American politics to this day.

3. From the New Deal to the New Right: Race and the Southern Origins of Modern Conservatism

By Joseph E. Lowndes

The role the South has played in contemporary conservatism is perhaps the most consequential political phenomenon of the second half of the twentieth century. The region’s transition from Democratic stronghold to Republican base has frequently been viewed as a recent occurrence, one that largely stems from a 1960s-era backlash against left-leaning social movements. But as Joseph Lowndes argues in this book, this rightward shift was not necessarily a natural response by alienated whites, but rather the result of the long-term development of an alliance between Southern segregationists and Northern conservatives, two groups who initially shared little beyond opposition to specific New Deal imperatives.

Lowndes focuses his narrative on the formative period between the end of the Second World War and the Nixon years. By looking at the 1948 Dixiecrat Revolt, the presidential campaigns of George Wallace, and popular representations of the region, he shows the many ways in which the South changed during these decades. Lowndes traces how a new alliance began to emerge by further examining the pages of the National Review and Republican party-building efforts in the South during the campaigns of Eisenhower, Goldwater, and Nixon. The unique characteristics of American conservatism were forged in the crucible of race relations in the South, he argues, and his analysis of party-building efforts, national institutions, and the innovations of particular political actors provides a keen look into the ideology of modern conservatism and the Republican Party.

4. Old Nazis, the New Right, and the Republican Party: Domestic fascist networks and their effect on U.S. cold war politics

By Russ Bellant

Bellant convincingly documents three arguments in this short, journalistic book. First, many people who had been active in Nazi or pro-Nazi groups in Eastern Europe in the 1930s and 1940s subsequently came to this country, often under the auspices of the Displaced Persons Commission. Second, many of these emigres then became active in political and ethnic groups affiliated with the Republican Party, providing financial and electoral support and crusading relentlessly against Communism. Third, and most important, some of the most unsavory elements of the anti-Communist right gained a foothold in official foreign policy circles under Reagan. Bellant's case is strong and disturbing, but his book is terribly organized, and the meaningful arguments are mixed in with overstated claims (especially the suggestions of a fascist conspiracy) and charges based only on political disagreement, not malfeasance.

5. The Beast Reawakens: Fascism's Resurgence from Hitler's Spymasters to Today's Neo-Nazi Groups and Right-Wing Extremists

By Martin A. Lee

In The Beast Reawakens, journalist Martin A. Lee documents the revival of fascist ideals from the wake of the Second World War to recent violent incidents in Europe and America. Defeated in war, many Nazis built new and profitable lives for themselves, stirring political intrigue and serving as role models to a new generation of white supremacists like Americans Francis Parker Yockey, whose book Imperium became the bible of anti-Semitism, and Willis Carto, who continues to run several ostensibly mainstream policy groups that deny the Holocaust ever took place. Often forced underground yet certain of their cause, this second generation of extremists can be linked to such recent violence as the Oklahoma City bombings, the shocking lynching of James Byrd in Jasper, Texas, and the abortion clinic bombings by Eric Rudolf, who remains a fugitive. With extraordinary detail and insight, The Beast Reawakens examines the many strands of rightwing extremism worldwide to put the current fascist resurgence in contemporary perspective.

6. White Rage: The Extreme Right and American Politics

By Martin Durham

White Rage examines the development of the modern American extreme right and American politics from the 1950s to the present day. It explores the full panoply of extreme right groups, from the remnants of the Ku Klux Klan to skinhead groups and from the militia groups to neo-nazis. In developing its argument the book:

• discusses the American extreme right in the context of the Oklahoma City bombing, 9/11 and the Bush administration;

• explores the American extreme right’s divisions and its pursuit of alliances

• analyses the movement’s hostilities to other racial groups.

Written in a moment of crisis for the leading extreme right groups, this original study challenges the frequent equation of the extreme right with other sections of the American right. It is a movement whose development and future will be of interest to anyone concerned with race relations and social conflict in modern Americ

7. Rogue Agents: The Cercle and the 6I in the Private Cold War 1951 - 1991

By David Teacher

David Teacher has been researching notorious disformationist Brian Crozier and his various allies since 1988, producing the book Rogue Agents in 2008. Since then, the book has been expanded twice: once in 2011 to include later research and scans of the numerous internal documents used in its preparation, and now in 2015 to integrate newly declassified sources (State Department cables, records of Kissinger's phone-calls, private papers of Cercle participants) and recent academic publications. This final edition of a now-classic work of investigation documents the role played by the Cercle Pinay and Crozier's private intelligence service, the 6I, in supporting Franco, White South Africa, Rhodesia, Thatcher, Reagan and Strauss, and denigrating progressive politicians and forces such as Wilson, Brandt, Carter, Mitterrand and the pro-disarmament movement of the 1980s.

8. The Family: The Secret Fundamentalism at the Heart of American Power

By Jeff Sharlet

They insist they're just a group of friends, yet they funnel millions of dollars through tax-free corporations. They claim to disdain politics, but congressmen of both parties describe them as the most influential religious organization in Washington. They say they're not Christians, but simply believers.

Behind the scenes at every National Prayer Breakfast since 1953 has been the Family, an elite network dedicated to a religion of power for the powerful. Their goal is "Jesus plus nothing." Their method is backroom diplomacy. The Family is the startling story of how their faith—part free-market fundamentalism, part imperial ambition—has come to be interwoven with the affairs of nations around the world.

9. Dark Money: The Hidden History of the Billionaires Behind the Rise of the Radical Right

By Jane Mayer

In her new preface, Jane Mayer discusses the results of the most recent election and Donald Trump's victory, and how, despite much discussion to the contrary, this was a huge victory for the billionaires who have been pouring money in the American political system. Why is America living in an age of profound and widening economic inequality? Why have even modest attempts to address climate change been defeated again and again? Why do hedge-fund billionaires pay a far lower tax rate than middle-class workers? In a riveting and indelible feat of reporting, Jane Mayer illuminates the history of an elite cadre of plutocrats—headed by the Kochs, the Scaifes, the Olins, and the Bradleys—who have bankrolled a systematic plan to fundamentally alter the American political system. Mayer traces a byzantine trail of billions of dollars spent by the network, revealing a staggering conglomeration of think tanks, academic institutions, media groups, courthouses, and government allies that have fallen under their sphere of influence. Drawing from hundreds of exclusive interviews, as well as extensive scrutiny of public records, private papers, and court proceedings, Mayer provides vivid portraits of the secretive figures behind the new American oligarchy and a searing look at the carefully concealed agendas steering the nation. Dark Money is an essential book for anyone who cares about the future of American democracy.

10. Democracy in Chains: The Deep History of the Radical Right’s Stealth Plan for America

Nancy MacLean

Behind today’s headlines of billionaires taking over our government is a secretive political establishment with long, deep, and troubling roots. The capitalist radical right has been working not simply to change who rules, but to fundamentally alter the rules of democratic governance. But billionaires did not launch this movement; a white intellectual in the embattled Jim Crow South did. Democracy in Chains names its true architect—the Nobel Prize-winning political economist James McGill Buchanan—and dissects the operation he and his colleagues designed over six decades to alter every branch of government to disempower the majority.

In a brilliant and engrossing narrative, Nancy MacLean shows how Buchanan forged his ideas about government in a last gasp attempt to preserve the white elite’s power in the wake of Brown v. Board of Education. In response to the widening of American democracy, he developed a brilliant, if diabolical, plan to undermine the ability of the majority to use its numbers to level the playing field between the rich and powerful and the rest of us.

Corporate donors and their right-wing foundations were only too eager to support Buchanan’s work in teaching others how to divide America into “makers” and “takers.” And when a multibillionaire on a messianic mission to rewrite the social contract of the modern world, Charles Koch, discovered Buchanan, he created a vast, relentless, and multi-armed machine to carry out Buchanan’s strategy.

Without Buchanan's ideas and Koch's money, the libertarian right would not have succeeded in its stealth takeover of the Republican Party as a delivery mechanism. Now, with Mike Pence as Vice President, the cause has a longtime loyalist in the White House, not to mention a phalanx of Republicans in the House, the Senate, a majority of state governments, and the courts, all carrying out the plan. That plan includes harsher laws to undermine unions, privatizing everything from schools to health care and Social Security, and keeping as many of us as possible from voting. Based on ten years of unique research, Democracy in Chains tells a chilling story of right-wing academics and big money run amok. This revelatory work of scholarship is also a call to arms to protect the achievements of twentieth-century American self-government.

Bill Gates is the new David Rockefeller. The current Coronavirus “pandemic” appears to be a global exercise of the powers of global institutions, with the likely goal of ultimately enforcing vaccinations, an agenda spearheaded by Gates and his foundation, which is reported to be the largest private foundation in the world.[1] Gates has been a frequent attendee of the Bilderberg conferences, founded in 1954 by David Rockefeller and others, whose ultimate aim is the establishment of a World Treasury and World Health Authority, by orchestrating a credit crunch or pandemic.[2] Ever since at least 2009, at a Bilderberg conference, Gates has been actively involved in discussions about the threat of a global pandemic. Gates’ window of opportunity was finally realized with the advent of the Coronavirus, which he described on February 28, 2020, as the “once-in-a-century pathogen we’ve been worried about.” In 2020, together with the UK research charity Wellcome and Mastercard, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation founded the COVID-19 Therapeutics accelerator to hasten the research and ultimate vaccine for the Corona virus.

Gates has credited the generosity and extensive philanthropy of David Rockefeller as a major influence. Like David’s Grandfather, John D. Rockefeller, Gates acquired his enormous wealth through deception and monopolization of the most important resource of his time. Following the American Civil War, Rothschild agent Jacob Schiff had begun to finance the great operations of the Robber Barons, such as the Standard Oil Company for John D. Rockefeller, the railroad empire for Edward R. Harriman, and the steel empire for Andrew Carnegie. John D. Rockefeller was tasked by the Rothschilds, through their agents John Jacob Astor and Jacob Schiff, to gain control of the American oil industry. Using highly aggressive tactics, later widely criticized, Rockefeller’s Standard Oil absorbed or destroyed most of its competition and achieved near monopoly throughout the United States. Also in 1890, Congress passed the Sherman Antitrust Act, which forbade any scheme constituting a “restraint of trade.” The Standard Oil group quickly attracted attention from antitrust authorities leading to a lawsuit filed by Ohio Attorney General David K. Watson.

The federal Commissioner of Corporations studied Standard Oil’s operations from the period of 1904 to 1906 and concluded that “beyond question… the dominant position of the Standard Oil Company in the refining industry was due to unfair practices – to abuse of the control of pipe-lines, to railroad discriminations, and to unfair methods of competition in the sale of the refined petroleum products.”[3] Finally, by 1911, public outcry reached a climax and the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that Standard Oil was to be dissolved under the Sherman Antitrust Act and split into 34 companies. As Standard’s president, however, since he owned a quarter of the shares of the resultant companies, and those share values mostly doubled, John D. Rockefeller emerged from the dissolution as the richest man in the world.[4] 

John D. Rockefeller, along with his son John D. Rockefeller, Jr. founded the Rockefeller Foundation in 1913. According to Madame Drinette Verdier, as reported by one his disciples, Madame Emma Calve, Rockefeller was inspired to turn to charity Swami Vivekananda, a Hindu guru who inspired people like Annie Besant, William James and Nikola Tesla. Calve recounted that Rockefeller initially refused to meet with Vivekananda, until he finally barged on the swami unannounced, who barely acknowledge his entry. Rockefeller was annoyed that Vivekananda didn’t show him the honor he was accustomed to, but After a while, Vivekananda told Rockefeller about events from his life that none should have known but himself, and managed to convince him that God had given him all his wealth to do good in the world.[5]

The purported mission of the Rockefeller Foundation was “to promote the well-being of mankind throughout the world.” Essentially, by applying for tax-exempt status, their donors avoid a tax expense, and can then use those funds to pursue various political goals. The Select Committee to Investigate Tax-Exempt Foundations and Comparable Organizations, also known as the Reece committee, an investigative committee of the United States House of Representatives between 1952 and 1954, found that the major foundations had been involved in subversive activities. Norman Dodds, who served as chief investigator, began with a definition of “subversive,” saying that the term referred to “any action having as its purpose the alteration of either the principle or the form of the United States Government by other than constitutional means.” He then proceeded to show that the Ford and Rockefeller Foundations were using funds excessively on projects at Columbia, Harvard, Chicago University and the University of California, in order to enable “oligarchical collectivism.” It was also discovered by him that these or other foundations were involved in the intentional instigation of the United States into World War I and attempting to mold world history through the explicit control of education in the United States.

Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation

Likewise, despite Gates' denials in the 1998 United States v. Microsoft case, the judge ruled that Microsoft had committed monopolization, tying and blocking competition, both in violation of the Sherman Antitrust Act. Nevertheless, since 1987, Gates has been included in the Forbes list of the world's wealthiest documented individuals. From 1995 to 2017, he held the Forbes title of the richest person in the world all but four of those years. In October 2017, he was surpassed by Amazon founder and CEO Jeff Bezos, who had an estimated net worth of US$90.6 billion compared to Gates' net worth of US$89.9 billion at the time.

Exactly like Rockefeller, Gates bought back his reputation by using his immense wealth for “charitable” purposes to disguise spending his money to drive his political agenda. Gates studied the work of Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller, and donated some of his Microsoft stock in 1994 to create the William H. Gates Foundation. In 2000, Gates and his wife combined three family foundations and Gates donated stock valued at $5 billion to create the charitable Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, which was identified by the Funds for NGOs company in 2013, as the world's wealthiest charitable foundation, with assets reportedly valued at more than $34.6 billion.

According to a major study by the independent Global Policy Forum, organizations like the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the Rockefeller Foundation and others are using their immense wealth and influence with political and scientific elites, to promote solutions to global problems that may undermine the UN and other international organizations. With assets of more than $360bn, the world’s 27 largest foundations give roughly $15bn annually to charitable causes. Nineteen of the 27 are American. By far the largest donor, according to the study, is the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, which in 2012 gave $2.6bn. This compares with $1.2bn from the next nine largest US trusts.[6]

Dark Winter

In 2017, during the Davos World Economic Forum (WEF), Gates initiated CEPI, the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations, together with the governments of Norway, India, Japan, and Germany, along with the Wellcome Trust of the UK, the fourth wealthiest charitable foundation in the world. CEPI’s stated purpose is to “accelerate the development of vaccines we’ll need to contain outbreaks” of future epidemics. In October, 2019, the Gates Foundation teamed up with the WEF and the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security for a simulation named Event 201, to enact what they called a “fictional” scenario simulation involving some of the world’s leading figures in public health.

As reported by Whitney Webb, Event 201, as with a similar simulation called Crimson Contagion, share a common history with the 2001 biowarfare simulation Dark Winter.[7] In late June 2001, at Andrews Air Force Base in Camp Springs, Maryland, several Congressmen, a former CIA director, a former FBI director, government insiders and privileged members of the press met to conduct a biowarfare simulation called Dark Winter that would precede both the September 11 attacks and the 2001 Anthrax attacks by a matter of months. It specifically simulated the deliberate introduction of smallpox to the American public by a hostile actor. The simulation was a collaborative effort led by the Johns Hopkins Center for Civilian Biodefense Strategies (part of the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security) in collaboration with the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), the Analytic Services (ANSER) Institute for Homeland Security and the Oklahoma National Memorial Institute for the Prevention of Terrorism. Participants in Dark Winter included Director of Central Intelligence R. James Woolsey, Jr. and Frank G. Wisner Jr., the son of CIA official Frank Wisner (1909 – 1965).

Among the principal designers, authors, and controllers of the Dark Winter project was Tara O'Toole of the Johns Hopkins Center for Civilian Biodefense Strategies (CCBS). She was a principal author and producer of Atlantic Storm, a simulation operated on January 14, 2005 in Washington, D.C, to reveal the current international state of preparedness and possible political and public health issues that might evolve from a bioterror incident. Atlantic Storm was sponsored by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the German Marshall Fund of the United States, and the Nuclear Threat Initiative. Organization efforts were provided by the Center for Biosecurity of UPMC, the Center for Transatlantic Relations of Johns Hopkins University, and the Transatlantic Biosecurity Network.

O'Toole served as the Under Secretary of Homeland Security for Science and Technology from 2009 to 2013. She is currently a senior fellow and executive vice president at In-Q-Tel, a CIA front which invests in high-tech companies. In-Q-Tel now engages with entrepreneurs, growth companies, researchers, and venture capitalists to deliver technologies that provide superior capabilities for the CIA, DIA, NGA, and the wider intelligence community. In 2005, In-Q-Tel sold its shares of Google, worth over $2.2 million, which were a result of Google’s acquisition of Keyhole, Inc, the CIA-funded satellite mapping software now known as Google Earth.

The name for the Dark Winter derives from a statement made by Robert Kadlec, a veteran of the George W. Bush administration and a former lobbyist for military intelligence and intelligence contractors, who is now leading HHS’ Covid-19 response and led the Trump administration’s 2019 “Crimson Contagion” exercises. Crimson Contagion was a simulation administered by the Department of Health and Human Services from January to August 2019 that tested the capacity of the U.S. federal government and twelve U.S. states to respond to a severe influenza pandemic originating in China. The exercise involves a scenario in which tourists returning from China spread a respiratory virus in the United States, beginning in Chicago. In less than two months the virus had infected 110 million Americans, killing more than half a million. The report issued at the conclusion of the exercise outlines the government's limited capacity to respond to a pandemic, with federal agencies lacking the funds, coordination, and resources to facilitate an effective response to the virus.

Event 201

On March 18, 2015 Gates gave a TED talk on epidemics in Vancouver. That day he wrote on his blog, “I just gave a brief talk on a subject that I’ve been learning a lot about lately—epidemics. The Ebola outbreak in West Africa is a tragedy—as I write this, more than 10,000 people have died.” Gates then added, “As awful as this epidemic has been, the next one could be much worse. The world is simply not prepared to deal with a disease—an especially virulent flu, for example—that infects large numbers of people very quickly. Of all the things that could kill 10 million people or more, by far the most likely is an epidemic.”

In 2019, Gates made a Netflix video as part of the “Explained” series, which imagined a wet market in China where live and dead animals are stacked and a highly deadly virus erupts that spreads globally. Gates appears as an expert in the video to warn, “If you think of anything that could come along that would kill millions of people, a pandemic is our greatest risk.” He said if nothing was done to better prepare for pandemics, the time would come when the world would look back and wish it had invested more into potential vaccines.

Event 201 simulated an “outbreak of a novel zoonotic coronavirus transmitted from bats to pigs to people that eventually becomes efficiently transmissible from person to person, leading to a severe pandemic. The pathogen and the disease it causes are modeled largely on SARS, but it is more transmissible in the community setting by people with mild symptoms.”[8] Event 201 also greatly emphasized concerns about such misinformation/disinformation and suggested increased social media censorship and “limited internet shutdowns” to combat the issue.[9]

Among the selected players was George Fu Gao, director of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention since 2017. President of the Chinese Society of Biotechnology; and President of the Asian Federation of Biotechnology (AFOB). Dr. Gao obtained his DPhil degree from Oxford University, UK, and did his postdoc work in both Oxford University and Harvard University, with a brief stay in Calgary University. His specialization includes research on “influenza virus interspecies transmission (host jump)… He is also interested in virus ecology, especially the relationship between influenza virus and migratory birds or live poultry markets and the bat-derived virus ecology and molecular biology.”[10]

Among others on the Event 201 panel were:

Avril Haines, Deputy Director of the CIA during the Obama term. She also served as Obama’s Assistant to the President and Principal Deputy National Security Advisor.

Latoya D. Abbott is the Senior Director of Global Occupational Health Services for Marriott International, an American multinational diversified hospitality company that manages and franchises a broad portfolio of hotels and related lodging facilities.

Sofia Borges is the UN Foundation’s Senior Vice President and Head of the New York office. The United Nations Foundation was launched in 1998 with a $1 billion gift from Ted Turner to support the United Nations' causes.

Bradd Connett joined Henry Schein, Inc. in 1997, and currently serves as President of Henry Schein's U.S. Medical Group. Henry Schein Inc. is an American distributor of health care products and services with a presence in 32 countries. The company is a Fortune World’s Most Admired Company and is ranked number one in its industry for social responsibility by Fortune magazine. Henry Schein has been recognized by the Ethisphere Institute as the World's Most Ethical Company six times as of 2017.

Dr. Chris Elias is President of the Global Development Program, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Timothy Evans joined McGill University in September 2019 as the Inaugural Director and Associate Dean of the School of Population and Global Health (SPGH) in the Faculty of Medicine and Associate Vice-Principal (Global Policy and Innovation). He joined McGill after a 6-year tenure as the Senior Director of the Health, Nutrition and Population Global Practice at the World Bank Group.

Avril Haines is a Senior Research Scholar at Columbia University; a Senior Fellow at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory; a member of the National Commission on Military, National, and Public Service; and a principal at WestExec Advisors. During the Obama administration, Dr. Haines served as Assistant to the President and Principal Deputy National Security Advisor. She also served as the Deputy Director of the Central Intelligence Agency and Legal Adviser to the National Security Council.

Jane Halton, AO, PSM, FAICD, FIPPA, is a member of the board of the ANZ Bank, Clayton Utz, the Australian Strategic Policy Institute, and the US Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation. She is chairman of the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI), a foundation that takes donations from public, private, philanthropic, and civil society organizations, to finance independent research projects to develop vaccines against emerging infectious disease (EID). 

Matthew Harrington is the global chief operating officer at Edelman, an American public relations and marketing consultancy firm, founded in 1952 by, and named after, Daniel Edelman. n the 2000s, Edelman created a front group called the Working Families for Wal-Mart, which said it was a grassroots organization, but was actually funded by Wal-Mart. Edelman was commissioned by TransCanada Corporation to run campaigns supporting the Keystone XL pipeline. This resulted in a major controversy when documents leaked to Greenpeace revealed that Edelman had made some unethical proposals to sway public opinion in favor of its client. Edelman provided crisis communications to News Corporation during the phone hacking scandal. Equifax hired Edelman for crisis control after the October 2017 privacy breach. Edelman supported private prison company Geo Group and helped in "laundering the reputation of private US concentration camps" in July 2019.

Martin Knuchel is Senior Director and Head of Crisis, Emergency & Business Continuity Management, for Lufthansa Group Airlines.

Eduardo Martinez is President of the UPS Foundation and UPS Chief Diversity & Inclusion Officer. 

RADM Stephen C. Redd is the Deputy Director for Public Health Service and Implementation Science at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the leading national public health institute of the United States. It is a United States federal agency, under the Department of Health and Human Services.

Hasti Taghi serves in a chief of staff capacity at a major media company. She also leads strategic initiatives for the office, including partnerships with the World Economic Forum.

Adrian Thomas serves as, Vice President Global Public Health, at Johnson & Johnson. Prior to joining J&J, Adrian held roles in regional medical affairs, drug development and product management for Schering-Plough and Eli Lilly.

CEPI, which is focused on the WHO’s “blueprint priority diseases,” was identified as a "key player in the race to develop a vaccine" for the Coronavirus disease 2019.[11] On January 30 Tedros Adhanom, Director-General of the WHO declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern or PHIEC. This came two days after Tedros met with China President Xi Jinping in Beijing to discuss the dramatic rise in severe cases of a novel coronavirus in Wuhan and surrounding areas that had reached dramatic proportions. Adhanom became head of WHO in 2017. Tedros, who was also Ethiopia Minister of Foreign Affairs until 2016, met Bill Gates when he was Ethiopian Health Minister and became Board Chair of the Gates-linked Global Fund Against HIV/AIDS, TB and Malaria.

[1] William New and Catherine Saez. “Bill Gates Calls For ‘Vaccine Decade;’ Explains How Patent System Drives Public Health Aid.” Intellectual Property Watch(May 17, 2011). Retrieved from https://www.ip-watch.org/2011/05/17/bill-gates-calls-for-vaccine-decade-explains-how-patent-system-drives-public-health-aid/

[2] Nicholas Hagger. The World Government (John Hunt Publishing, 2010). p. 118. Retrieved from https://books.google.ca/books?id=Vs1w1CjatmkC&pg=PA118&lpg=PA118&dq=%22bilderberg%22+%22pandemic%22+%22hagger%22&source=bl&ots=7vg9vf0DwY&sig=ACfU3U3vaM6KICiK2wQUyEIGl8-KXKwRhQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjU1dPXqs_oAhUNOs0KHaOoDucQ6AEwC3oECAcQLg#v=onepage&q=%22bilderberg%22%20%22pandemic%22%20%22hagger%22&f=false

[3] Eliot Jones, The Trust Problem in the United States 1922. Chapter 5. pp. 65–66.

[4] Yergin, Daniel, The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money, and Power. (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1991), p.113.

[5] Madame Verdier’s journal quoted in the New Discoveries, Vol. 1, pp. 487-88.

[6] John Vidal. “Are Gates and Rockefeller using their influence to set agenda in poor states?” The Guardian (April 15, 2016). Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2016/jan/15/bill-gates-rockefeller-influence-agenda-poor-nations-big-pharma-gm-hunger

[7] Whitney Webb. “All Roads Lead to Dark Winter.” The Alt World (April 1, 2020). Retrieved from http://thealtworld.com/whitney_webb/all-roads-lead-to-dark-winter

[8] Event 201 Players. http://www.centerforhealthsecurity.org/event201/players/gao.html

[9] Whitney Webb. “All Roads Lead to Dark Winter.” The Alt World (April 1, 2020). Retrieved from http://thealtworld.com/whitney_webb/all-roads-lead-to-dark-winter

[10] Event 201 Players. http://www.centerforhealthsecurity.org/event201/players/gao.html

[11] Peter Coy. "The Road to a Coronavirus Vaccine Runs Through Oslo." Bloomberg News (February 13, 2020).

Relevant Chapter

• The New Age

As much as I hate to admit it, Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez is a globalist stooge. And while that realization will certainly thrill his supporters, the case for Trump as a Russian agent is still an open and shut one. He represents the Old Right returning from the grave, resurrected by the same cynical, divide and conquer, Southern Strategy. But Trump is a nothingburger. He’s all bluster and no bite. The best he could offer was a tax cut to the rich, a promise of a border wall, and free rein for Israel. He drained the swamp only to replenish it with an even more unsavoury cast of creatures.

And when Trump deliberately mentioned the word “socialism” in his SOTU, it was as if it was intended to bring attention to it, helping to create the impression that it’s undergoing a resurgence. It’s a dialectic after all. Trump is the repulsive antithesis, a “blunt instrument” as Bannon the “Leninist” would have it, to corral the masses around a renewed Democratic agenda, that merely serves as a Trojan Horse for the globalist mission. On cue, Trump has even denied global warming. Maybe when he turned around to look for Nancy Pelosi’s approval, her odd clapping may not have been intended to be condescending as it has been assumed to be.

Is Trump in on the game? In June 2019, Trump tweeted that Ocasio-Cortez’s win was “a big one that nobody saw happening.” “So I’m watching television and I see this young woman on television and I say, ‘who’s that?’” Trump said during an interview with Bloomberg News. “Oh, she’s campaigning against Joe. You know who Joe is, right? Queens. Crowley. So, I say, ah, let me just watch her for a second… Tell him he's going to lose.”[1]

Ocasio-Cortez is the leading champion of the Green New Deal, in collaboration with a Rockefeller-funded left-wing astroturf advocacy group called the Sunrise Movement. A week after the 2018 midterm elections, climate justice group the Sunrise Movement organized a protest in Nancy Pelosi’s office calling on Pelosi to support the Green New Deal, one of several proposed economic stimulus programs in the United States that aim to address both economic inequality and, in particular, climate change. Their demands were that all members of the Democratic leadership in the House would refuse donations from the fossil fuel industry, and that Pelosi work to build consensus in the House over Green New Deal legislation to be passed when Democrats regain control of the government.[2]Representatives Rashida Tlaib and Ilhan Omar have voiced support for the plan. By December 19, 40 members of Congress had signed on to support the creation of the committee, including Representatives Jim McGovern and John Lewis, and Senators Cory Booker and Bernie Sanders.

The Green New Deal is exploiting the popularity of social democratic ideals as sugar coating to disguise the globalists’ poison pill. According to reporting by Inside Philanthropy, institutional funders made up about 55 percent of Sunrise Movement’s 2018 budget, which includes donors like the Rockefeller Family Fund, Wallace Global Fund, and the Winslow Foundation. The Wallace Global Fund was originally founded by former US Vice-President Henry A. Wallace. Winslow is run by Wren Winslow Wirth, who is married to former politician Tim Wirth.[3]SM was launched in April 2017 by six principal co-founders—veterans of the Occupy Movement—who had developed a friendship with Michael Dorsey of the Rockefeller-funded globalist institution, the Club Of Rome; Dorsey was also a former Sierra Club board member, whom President Barack Obama had appointed to the EPA’s National Advisory Board in 2010 and 2012.[4]

Big Oil

Effectively, the Rockefellers have used the cause of Global Warming as an alarmist message and shared cause designed to unite the world around their globalist agenda, despite the fact that the family’s fortune has historically been bound up in ExxonMobil, the flagship institution of “Big Oil,” which is largely responsible for the phenomenon in the first place.[5] As revealed by Alexander King in The First Global Revolution, a report from the Club of Rome, in 1993:

The common enemy of humanity is man. In searching for a new enemy to unite us, we came up with the idea that pollution, the threat of global warming, water shortages, famine and the like would fit the bill. All these dangers are caused by human intervention, and it is only through changed attitudes and behavior that they can be overcome. The real enemy then, is humanity itself.[6]

The Rockefellers are of course the preeminent globalists, and founders of its leading institutions, like the Bilderberg Group, the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) and the Trilateral Commission, and the Rockefeller Foundation has long worked as a front for CIA covert operations. In his 2002 autobiography Memoirs, David Rockefeller confessed the goal that he and those within his network have pursued:

For more than a century ideological extremists at either end of the political spectrum have seized upon well-publicized incidents such as my encounter with Castro to attack the Rockefeller family for the inordinate influence they claim we wield over American political and economic institutions. Some even believe we are part of a secret cabal working against the best interests of the United States, characterizing my family and me as internationalists and of conspiring with others around the world to build a more integrated global political and economic structure—one world, if you will. If that’s the charge, I stand guilty, and I am proud of it.[7]

John D. Rockefeller Sr. was tasked by the Rothschilds, through their agents John Jacob Astor and Jacob Schiff, to gain control of the American oil industry.[8] Deciding that America would not join any scheme for world government without a change in public opinion, Col. House, and members of the Inquiry and the Round Table, formed the Royal Institute for International Affairs (RIIA) in 1920, for the purpose of coordinating British and American efforts. They also formed an American branch, known as the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR), founded in following year by Col. House and Walter Lippmann with the financial assistance of John D. Rockefeller Jr.. The early CFR included members like J.P. Morgan, and Sabbateans like Paul Warburg and Jacob Schiff.

As reported by Charles Higham in Trading with the Enemy, the Rockefellers’ Standard Oil was part of a network of corporations and banks which he referred to as “the Fraternity” who were largely responsible for financing the rise of the Third Reich. Many of them, like Averell Harriman and the Bush family, were involved in the Yale secret society of Skull and Bones.[9] Since 1927, Max Warburg served on the board of directors of IG Farben, while his brother Paul served on the board of directors of the company’s wholly-owned American subsidiary, which was also associated with Standard Oil.[10]

Synarchism, Fabians & Eugenics

In 1936, Aldous Huxley and the leading synarchist Jean Coutrot founded the Center for the Study of Human Problems (CSHP), which was funded by the Rockefeller Foundation.[11] Also included in the CSHP were controversial Jesuit priest and associate of Julian Huxley, Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, as well as Maria Montessori, the founder of the Montessori Method of education, and Alfred Sauvy the French demographer who coined the term Third World (“Tiers Monde”). [12] The CHSP were inspired to fulfill the “Plan,” which coincided exactly with the ideas of Wells’ Open Conspiracy: Blue Prints for a World Revolution.[13] Wells wrote:

…It will appear first, I believe, as a conscious organization of intelligent and quite possibly in some cases, wealthy men, as a movement having distinct social and political aims, confessedly ignoring most of the existing apparatus of political control, or using it only as an incidental implement in the stages, a mere movement of a number of people in a certain direction who will presently discover with a sort of surprise the common object toward which they are all moving… In all sorts of ways they will be influencing and controlling the apparatus of the ostensible government.[14]

Huxley and H.G. Wells were members of the Fabian Society, a British socialist organization whose purpose is to advance the principles of democratic socialism via gradualist and reformist effort in democracies, rather than by revolutionary overthrow. The Fabian Society founders were influenced by John Ruskin, the English art critic, Social Darwinist, Freemason, occultist and pedophile, who inspired the Round Table’s imperialistic ambitions.[15] Leading Fabians included Bertrand Russell, George Bernard Shaw, and Aldous’ brother Julian Huxley. Shaw revealed that their goal was to be achieved by “stealth, intrigue, subversion, and the deception of never calling socialism by its right name.”[16]

At the peak of its popularity, eugenics was supported by a wide variety of prominent people including Winston Churchill, Theodore Roosevelt, Herbert Hoover, and a disproportionate number of Fabians, including Havelock Ellis, H.G. Wells, George Bernard Shaw, John Maynard Keynes and Sidney Webb, and others influenced by them, like sexologist Norman Haire and sex educators Marie Stopes and Margaret Sanger, the founder of Planned Parenthood Federation of America.

Nazi eugenics actually began in the United States, and emerged in Germany under Rockefeller funding. Joseph Mengele’s superior, Otmar Verschuer, as wartime director of the Rockefeller Foundation created the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Anthropology, Eugenics, and Human Heredity in Berlin, and secured funds for experiments at Auschwitz from the German Research council. The foundation's German centers combined the search for organic signs of mental illness with eugenic projects. The Kaiser Wilhelm Institute had also been endowed by the Krupp family and James Loeb, Paul Warburg's brother-in-law of the Kuhn-Loeb banking family. Through the barbarous experimentation that took place in the concentration camps, thousands were murdered, and their organs and other body parts were sent to Verschuer and the Rockefeller group at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute.[17]

Verschuer’s associate Franz J. Kallmann fled Germany in 1936 for the United States because he was discovered to be of Jewish heritage. When he emigrated to America, Kallmann became director of research at the New York State Psychiatric Institute, attached to Columbia University in New York. The director of the Psychiatric Institute was Dr. Nolan D.C. Lewis, of the Scottish Rite Freemasons, who joined the Rockefellers in sponsoring the study of psychiatric genetics beginning in 1934. In 1936, Lewis, as the Scottish Rite’s Field Representative of Research on Dementia Praecox (schizophrenia), reported to the Scottish Rite Northern Supreme Council “on the progress of the fourteen research projects being financed by the Supreme Council.”[18]

The New Age

A number of Fabians were contributors to the magazine The New Age, under the editorship of Alfred Richard Orage, which according to a Brown University press release, “helped to shape modernism in literature and the arts from 1907 to 1922.”[19] A friend of Aleister Crowley, Orage also personally knew George Bernard Shaw, Bertrand Russell and Alfred North Whitehead. Orage also worked with George Gurdjieff.[20]

Annie Besant, H.P. Blavatsky’s successor, was a leading speaker for the Fabian Society. In 1919, the Russian theosophist Nicholas Roerich, along with his wife Helena moved to London where they joined the local Theosophist scene dominated by Annie Besant. The Roerichs were the first to translate Blavatsky’s Secret Doctrine into Russian. In the United States, Roerich had met Alfred Orage, and eventually became Gurdjieff’s emissary to the United States.

Roerich conducted an expedition to Tibet coinciding with that of the Nazi expedition of 1934-1935. Roerich’s expeditions were supported by the Joint State Political Directorate (OGPU), the secret police of the Soviet Union from 1922 to 1934. The Roerichs’ ultimate objective, usually referred to as the “Grand Plan,” was inspired by Master Morya, one of Blavatsky’s primary “Ascended Masters.” The Grand Plan was to establish a pan-Buddhist, transnational “New Country” spanning from Tibet to southern Siberia, including territory that was then governed by China, Mongolia, Tibet, and the Soviet Union.

Roerich’s expeditions to Tibet were simultaneously supported by then U.S. Vice President Henry Wallace. Wallace too was a member of the Theosophical Society. In a letter to Roerich, Wallace stated, “The search­—whether it be for the lost word of Masonry, or the Holy Chalice, or the potentialities of the age to come—is the one supremely worthwhile objective. All else is karmic duty. But surely everyone is a potential Galahad? So may we strive for the Chalice and the flame above it.”[21]

It is widely suspected that it was Roerich who inspired Wallace to add the Great Seal of the United States, first designed in 1782, onto the reverse side of the dollar bill, featuring an unfinished pyramid and the Illuminati symbol of the All-Seeing Eye.[22] Wallace proposed the idea to President Roosevelt in 1934. According to Wallace, in a letter dated February 6, 1951:

Roosevelt as he looked at the colored reproduction of the Seal was first struck with the representation of the “All-Seeing Eye,” a Masonic representation of Great Architect the Universe. Next he was impressed with the idea that the foundation for the new order of the ages had been laid in 1776 (May 1st, 1776, founding of the Illuminati) but would be completed only under the eye of the Great Architect. Roosevelt like myself was a 32nd degree Mason. He suggested that the Seal be put on the dollar bill rather than a coin.[23]

Wallace’s political career was later adversely affected by his association with Roerich, now widely denounced as a mystic and charlatan, when letters in which he referred to Roerich as “dear Guru” were published, sinking his chances when he ran for president as the Progressive Party’s candidate.

Wallace also provided support to a good friend of Aldous Huxley, Andrija Puharich, towards the founding of the Round Table Foundation, which conducted experiments on behalf of MK-Ultra, and most famously made contact through seances with a group of discarnate entities who called themselves the Council of Nine.[24] It was also Puharich who was responsible for bringing the tIsraeli spoon-bender Uri Geller to the U.S. Among Puharich’s associates was neurophysiologist Warren S. McCulloch, who worked at Bellevue Hospital in New York, and was an early advocate of electronic brain implants. Andrew Pickering referred to McCulloch, who served as chairman of the Cybernetics Group conferences, as “the guiding spirit of cybernetics in the United States.[25]

Puharich was also interested in the works of theosophist Alice Bailey. Bailey, who succeeded Annie Besant as occult leader of theosophical teachings, together with her husband Foster Bailey, launched Lucifer Publishing Company in 1923, which published the theosophical periodical Lucifer. They later changed the name for obvious reasons to the Lucis Publishing Company. The work of Lucis Trust is carried out through its Arcane School of the occult and an organization called World Goodwill. Together, they work to implement what is termed “the Plan,” as was revealed in 24 books written by Bailey and published by Lucis Trust. The focus of “the Plan” is to usher in the “Harmonic Convergence,” also known as the Omega, Mind Convergence, Fusion or Turning Point, which can occur only when nations put aside their “differences” in a “New World Order” of global unity based on the principles of Freemasonry. According to Bailey, Freemasonry is:

… the custodian of the law; it is the home of the Mysteries and the seat of initiation. It holds in its symbolism the ritual of Deity, and the way of salvation is pictorially preserved in its work. The methods of Deity are demonstrated in its Temples, and under the All-seeing Eye the work can go forward. It is a far more occult organisation than can be realised, and is intended to be the training school for the coming advanced occultists. In its ceremonials lies hid the wielding of the forces connected with the growth and life of the kingdoms of nature and the unfoldment of the divine aspects in man. In the comprehension of its symbolism will come the power to cooperate with the divine plan. It meets the need of those who work on the first Ray of Will or Power.[26]

Among a group of international trustees who run the Lucis Trust have been the leading lights of the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR), including David Rockefeller’s nephew, John D. Rockefeller IV, Robert McNamara, Norman Cousins and Henry Kissinger. As Terry Melanson pointed out, “this would then tie Bailey’s influential occult organization into the international conspiracy of elitists, including the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR), the Bilderbergs, and the Trilateral Commission.”[27] Lucis Trust is an influential institution that enjoys “Consultative Status,” which permits it to have a close working relationship with the United Nations, including a seat on the weekly sessions. It also operates the one religious chapel at the UN, the Meditation Room.

The Club of Rome

Cousins’ praise for the work of Club of Rome, called Limits to Growth was published on its back cover.[28]The Club of Rome grew out of a 1965 international conference called “The Conditions of World Order,” at the Villa Serbelloni in Bellagio, Italy, which was owned by the Rockefeller Foundation, and which was sponsored by the CIA-front, the Congress for Cultural Freedom (CCF), with a grant from the Ford Foundation and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.[29]The Club of Rome was founded three years later, in April 1968 by Aurelio Peccei, an Italian industrialist, and Alexander King, a Scottish scientist. It was formed when a small international group of people from the fields of academia, civil society, diplomacy, and industry met at Villa Farnesina in Rome, hence the name.

The founders of the Club of Rome were all senior officials of NATO. These included Aurelio Peccei, the chairman of Fiat who was also chairman of the Economic Committee of the Atlantic Institute, and Alexander King, the co-founder, who was Director General of Scientific Affairs of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). In late October 1968, only half a year after the founding meeting of the Club of Rome, the OECD, in collaboration with the Rockefeller Foundation, held a “Working Symposium on Long-Range Forecasting and Planning” in Bellagio.[30]

Peccei also became active in organizations like the World Wildlife Fund, Friends of the Earth and the International Ocean Institute.[31] Friends of the Earth (FOE) was founded in 1969 in San Francisco by David Brower, Donald Aitken and Gary Soucie after Brower’s split with the Sierra Club. The FOE has received funding from the Rockefeller Brothers Fund.[32]The fund was founded in in 1940 as the primary philanthropic vehicle for the five third-generation Rockefeller brothers: John D. Rockefeller III, Nelson, Laurance, Winthrop and David.

From 1956 to 1960, the Fund financed a study conceived by its then president, Nelson Rockefeller, to analyze the challenges facing the United States. Henry Kissinger was recruited to direct the project. Seven panels were constituted that looked at issues including military strategy, foreign policy, international economic strategy, governmental reorganization, and the nuclear arms race.[33] According to Nelson Rockefeller biographer Joseph E. Persico, the fund’s 1958 report Prospect for America was so influential “that during the 1960 election, both parties lifted from it for their platforms. The very emblem of the Kennedy administration was taken from a section of the Rockefeller Brothers’ report entitled ‘The New Frontiers.'”[34]

The Club of Rome raised considerable public attention with its report Limits to Growth (1972), which sold 12 million copies in more than 30 translations, making it the best-selling environmental book in world history. The result of a ground-breaking exercise in cybernetic modelling at MIT, it predicted a Malthusian scenario, which forecasted that economic growth could not continue indefinitely because of the limited availability of natural resources, particularly oil.

Noetic Sciences

The Club of Rome helps coordinate an international network of environmental agencies, whose ultimate purpose is to use the movement to promote New Age ideas, as the worship of “Mother Nature,” an idea rooted in neopaganism. Marilyn Ferguson, author of the 1980 bestseller The Aquarian Conspiracy, referring to this network—which in addition to environmental groups also includes peace groups, human rights groups, and groups fighting hunger—quotes Peccei as saying that they represent “the yeast of change… scattered, myriad spontaneous groupings of people springing up here and there like antibodies in a sick organism.”[35]

Ferguson was a protégé of Willis Harman, Willis Harman’s protégé and also a director of IONS—named after the concept of the Noosphere developed by Pierre Teilhard de Chardin—which was responsible for conducting MK-Ultra experiments on behalf of the Stanford Research Institute (SRI), in a CIA-sponsored project known as Operation Stargate. IONS was founded in 1973 by Edgar Mitchell, the sixth astronaut to walk on the moon, who claimed to have undergone a cosmic consciousness experience on his return flight to earth. Mitchell was founded IONS to encourage and conduct research on human potentials. IONS plays a central role in Dan Brown’s The Lost Symbol, about Freemasonry.

Mitchell established IONS together with ex-Nazi and NASA rocket scientist Wernher Von Braun, and billionaire investor Paul Nathaniel Temple, Jr., a former Standard Oil executive, as Chairman Emeritus.[36] Temple was a major funder of both IONS and Veriede’s The Fellowship, through his Three Swallows Foundation.[37]The Fellowship, is a secretive Christian group, who were responsible for the birth of the Christian Right and the institution of the National Prayer Breakfast. Also known as The Family, as reported by Jeff Sharlet, in The Family: The Secret Fundamentalism at the Heart of American Power, the group included Henry Ford, Billy Graham and Norman Vincent Peale, one of Donald Trump’s mentors.

In May 1974, Harman had led a SRI study titled “Changing Images of Man.” The report was prepared by a team that included Margaret Mead, B. F. Skinner, Ervin Laszlo and Sir Geoffrey Vickers of British intelligence. Others involved in this project included Carl Rogers, James Fadiman, Ralph Metzner and Joseph Campbell. The stated aim of the study was to change the image of mankind from that of industrial progress to one of “spiritualism.” The report stressed the importance of the United States in promoting Masonic ideals, effectively creating the ideal Masonic state.[38]

In Global Mind Change: The Promise of the 21st Century, a book sponsored by IONS, Harman remarked that, “we are living through one of the most fundamental shifts in history—a change in the actual belief system of Western society. No economic, political, or military power can compare with the power of a change of mind. By deliberately changing their images of reality, people are changing the world.”[39] The answer, he posited, was a reconsideration of the empiricism of modern Western societies, and a return to the marriage between science and mysticism that was exemplified in Rosicrucianism and Freemasonry. According to Harman:

The essential premise of Freemasonry was that there are transcendental realms of reality in which we coexist, and of which we potentially can have conscious knowledge. While the pattenrs and forces of these realms are inaccessible to the physical senses, they are available for exploration through looking into the deep mind. They play important roles in shaping evolutionary and human events, and can be called upon for power and guidance.[40]

Harman believed that the symbol of the pyramid with the floating capstone on the Great Seal “indicates that the nation will flourish only as its leaders are guided by supraconscious intuition,” which he defined as “divine insight.” The phrase novus order seclorum, meaning a “new order of the ages,” indicates the birth of not just another nation, but of a new spiritually-based New World Order. According to Harman:

…The power of these symbols on the collective psyche is such, however, that if the American nation is to regain its earlier position of moral leadership in the world it will be through an effort focused around these symbols and meanings, and no other.[41]

Aquarian Conspiracy

Marilyn Ferguson was the author of the 1980 bestseller The Aquarian Conspiracy, which became regarded as the “handbook of the New Age.” Ferguson was inspired in the choice of her title when she read about a speech by Canadian Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau—father of Justin, the current Prime Minister—to the United Nations Habitat Conference in Vancouver, in which he quoted a passage where synarchist and Jesuit Teilhard de Chardin called for a “conspiracy of love.” Ferguson claimed that “spirits of the dead” helped her write her book.[42]

Ferguson conducted a survey of 185 leaders of the New Age and Human Potential Movement and found that they answered that the most influential thinkers in their lives were, in order, first was Teilhard de Chardin, followed by Carl Jung Aldous Huxley, Abraham Maslow and Jiddu Krishnamurti. Others frequently mentioned included: Hermann Hesse, Alfred North Whitehead, Margaret Mead, Gregory Bateson, Alan Watts, Sri Aurobindo, D.T. Suzuki, Thomas Merton, Willis Harman, Erich Fromm, John Lilly, Werner Erhard, Oscar Ichazo, Buckminster Fuller, Alfred Korzybski and Marshall McLuhan, who is also celebrated throughout Ferguson’s book.

De Chardin, known as the Christian Darwin, applied the theory of evolution to Christianity, authoring The Phenomeon of Man, which features an introduction by Julian Huxley. Teilhard de Chardin is regarded simultaneously as the godfather of the New Age movement and the patron saint of the Internet. De Chardin was used as a model for Father Marin in the movie the Exorcist, and has exercised an influence on Canadian media theorist Marshal McLuhan and Arthur C. Clarke, author of 2001: A Space Odyssey.

In 1961, Ferguson along with Abraham Maslow, the renowned psychologist known for his theory of “Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs,” founded the Association for Humanistic Psychology, of which futurist Barbara Marx Hubbard was a past president. While in New York, teaching at Brooklyn College, Maslow had helped sexologist Alfred Kinsey with sex research.[43] Kinsey had an avid interest in Aleister Crowley, and is generally regarded as the first major figure in American sexology.[44] Kinsey attended the sex parties of his good friend, Nazi agent and America First propagandist, George Sylvester Viereck, who had worked with Aleister Crowley creating black propaganda for The Fatherland periodical during World War I.[45]Kinsey was also a friend of Kenneth Anger. In 1961, Anton LaVey and Anger had begun hosting regular parties in San Francisco for friends interested in magic and the supernatural, known as the Magic Circle, which became the precursor of the Church of Satan.

A Jewish agnostic, Hubbard was the daughter of Louis Marx, whose toy company was the largest in the world in the 1950s. Barbara’s sister Patricia was the second wife of Daniel Ellsberg, an employee of the RAND Corporation, whom she assisted in the release of the Pentagon Papers, which precipitated a national controversy in 1971. Hubbard established the first Chair in Conscious Evolution at Wisdom University Graduate School and is a member of many progressive groups, including the Evolutionary Leaders Group, the Transformational Leadership Council, and the Association for Global New Thought. Hubbard ran for vice-president for the Democratic Party in 1984, and shared the following overt Masonic symbolism in her speech to the national convention:

Our forbears set for the vision. It is written on the dollar bill, as it is written in our hearts: E Pluribus Unum, “Out of Many One.” Novus Ordo Seclorum, “A New Order of the Ages.” You see the unfinished pyramid with the cosmic eye. This means, that when we combine our magnificent building power with our spirit and love, we will have a New World Order of the Ages.[46]

Another important personality in the field of transpersonal psychology is Jean Houston, a member of the Club of Rome, who also collaborated with Hubbard. Houston, who is notorious for her name-dropping, claimed to have been a friend of Maslow from a very young age, and that Margaret Mead was her friend and mentor.[47] She also claims that as a teenager she had gone for walks in Central Park with a “Mr. Tayer,” which she only realized later was Teilhard de Chardin.[48] After working with Timothy Leary at Harvard and Millbrook, Michael Hollingshead set up a New York-based project of his own together with Jean Houston.[49]Jean Houston is also the founder and principal teacher, since 1983, of a workshop called the Mystery School, now called the Renaissance of Spirit. As revealed in a book by Bob Woodward, during the Clinton presidential years, first lady Hillary Clinton became close with Houston, who assisted her in communing with the deceased Eleanor Roosevelt and Gandhi.[50]

UN Assistant Secretary-General and prominent New Ager Robert Muller described Ferguson’s book as “remarkable” and “epoch-making.” Muller was the recipient of the Teilhard Foundation Award for his important contribution to shaping the UN, an “institution that functions so specifically in the spirit of the Noosphere.”[51]Muller, who served as Assistant Secretary-General of the UN for forty years, was also the former vice president of the Teilhard Center. Robert Muller wrote that, “Teilhard had always viewed the United Nations as the progressive institutional embodiment of his philosophy.”[52] He also noted:

…Teilhard de Chardin influenced his companion [Father de Breuvery], who inspired his colleagues, who started a rich process of global and long-term thinking in the UN, which affected many nations and people around the world. I have myself been deeply influenced by Teilhard.[53]

Teilhard exercised a formative influence on the direction of the UN. On September 20 to 21, 1983, at the UN headquarters in New York, an international colloquium was held in honor of Teilhard. In a message to participants, secretary-general H.E. Javier Perez de Cuellar mentioned that he, as did his predecessors Dag Hammarskjöld and U Thant, revered Teilhard as one of the contemporary thinkers who exercised great influence on them.[54]

Agenda 21

At the same time the Club of Rome published the report Limits to Growth, the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment took place in the summer of 1972 in Stockhom, Sweden. One of the key results of this historical meeting was the adoption by participants of a declaration of principles and action plan to fight pollution. In 1984, the United Nations Assembly gave Gro Harlem Brundtland, then Prime Minister of Norway, the mandate to form and preside over the World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED), to draw up a profile of environmental issues and develop an action plan defining the objectives of the international community in matters pertaining to development and environmental protection.

The Commission’s work led to the release in 1987 of the report Our Common Future, also called the Brundtland Report, which popularized the term “sustainable development” and its definition. In line with the report published by the Club of Rome in 1972, Limits to Growth, the report identifies the world-scale problems compromising the health and security of humanity and the ecological equilibrium on which life depends.

The WCED laid the foundations for the 1992 UN Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), held at the June 1992 UN Earth Summit in Brazil, whose Secretary-General was Maurice Strong. Strong, who has also been associated with IONS, had been heralded as the “indispensable man” at the center of the U.N.’s global power. Strong got his start with the Demarais’ Power Corporation of Canada, and later became CEO of Petro-Canada, and then under-secretary general of the United Nations. He has served as director of the World Future Society, trustee of the Rockefeller Foundation and Aspen Institute, and is a member of the Club of Rome. He was a founding member the Planetary Citizens founded by Donald Keys, a disciple of Alice Bailey. In the early 1970s, he was Secretary General of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment and then became the founder and first Executive Director of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), an agency of the United Nations, coordinates the organization's environmental activities and assists developing countries in implementing environmentally sound policies and practices.

During his address at the Earth Summit, which Time magazine described as a “New Age carnival,” Edmund de Rothschild quoted Teilhard de Chardin, who said, “Man can harness the wind, the waves and the tides, but when he can harness the energy of love, then for the second time in the history of the world, man will have discovered fire.” The idea of an Earth Charter originated in 1987, when the UN World Commission on Environment and Development called for a new charter to guide the transition to sustainable development. One of the principle creators of the Earth Charter was Steven Clark Rockefeller, who is professor emeritus of Religion at Middlebury College and an advisory trustee of the Rockefeller Brothers Fund.

A famous product of the Earth Summit was Agenda 21, a non-binding action plan of the United Nations with regard to sustainable development. The “21” in Agenda 21 refers to the 21st century. President George H.W. Bush was one of the 178 heads of government around the world who signed the final text of the agreement, and in the same year, Representatives Nancy Pelosi, Eliot Engel and William Broomfield spoke in support of United States House of Representatives Concurrent Resolution 353, supporting implementation of Agenda 21 in the United States.[55]

Lindisfarne Center

IONS has maintained close ties with the Temple of Understanding, founded by Bailey’s Lucis Trust. The Temple of Understanding has NGO status and worked out of the United Nations premises directly until 1984, when it shifted headquarters to Manhattan’s historic Cathedral of St. John the Divine, dedicated to St. John the Evangelist, the author of the Gospel of John and the Book of Revelation, and the patron saint of Freemasonry. Construction on the cathedral was begun with the laying of the cornerstone on December 27, 1892, on St. John’s Day. Freemasons historically celebrate two feasts of Saint John. The feast of John the Baptist falls on 24 June, and that of John the Evangelist on 27 December, roughly marking mid-summer and mid-winter, coinciding with the traditional pagan festivals. The Cathedral is replete with occult symbolism and often features unusual performances. The Cathedral also houses the Lindisfarne Center, founded in 1972 by William Irwin Thomson, a former professor of humanities from MIT and Syracuse University. The Lindisfarne was inspired by the philosophy of Alfred North Whitehead, and his idea of an integral philosophy of organism, and by Teilhard de Chardin’s idea of planetization. Lindisfarne functioned as a sponsor of New Age events and lectures as well as a think tank and retreat, similar to the Esalen Institute with which it shared several members like Gregory Bateson and Michael Murphy.

Maurice Strong was the Finance Director of the Lindisfarne Center. Lindisfarne was funded by Jean Lanier of the Physics-Consciousness Research Group and Laurance Rockefeller, brother of David Rockefeller. Laurance was president of the Rockefeller Brothers Fund for nearly 20 years, while he served in politics as governor of New York (1958-74) and then as Gerald Ford’s vice-president (1975-77).

Lindisfarne has also been supported by the Lilly Endowment, one of the world’s largest private philanthropic foundations and among the largest endowments in the United States, as well as by the Rockefeller Brothers Fund, and Rockefeller Foundation. The Rockefeller Foundation is a traditional front of the CIA. The Lilly Endowment was established in 1937 by the corporation Eli Lilly and Company, which was later contracted by the CIA to produce LSD in 1953 under Subproject 18 of MK-Ultra.[56] Lindisfarne listed among its faculty members Stewart Brand, the Teilhard de Chardin-influenced Gaia Theory biologist James Lovelock, and Luciferian adept and New Age author David Spangler, who is often referred to as the “Father of the New Age.”[57]

Soviet-American Exchange Program

In 1992, the need for a charter was urged by then-Secretary General Boutros Boutros-Ghali at UNCED, but the time for such a declaration was not yet considered right, and in 1994, Maurice Strong and Mikhail Gorbachev, working through organizations they each founded—the Earth Council and Green Cross International respectively—restarted the Earth Charter as a civil society initiative.

Gorbachev was also an honorary member of the Club of Budapest founded by Ervin Laszlo, a member of Willis Harman’s “Changing Images of Man” project at SRI. Based in Hungary, in 1984 Laszlo was co-founder of the initially secret General Evolutionary Research Group. Meeting behind the Iron Curtain, the group of scientists and thinkers from a variety of disciplines met in secret. Their goal was to explore whether it might be possible to use chaos theory to identify a new general theory of evolution that might serve as a path to a better world. In 1993, in response to his experience with the Club of Rome, Laszlo founded the Club of Budapest. Other members have included Willis Harman, Edgar Mitchell, Barbara Marx Hubbard, Archbishop Desmond Tutu, Jane Goodall, Elie Wiesel, Peter Gabriel, Robert Muller, Arthur C. Clarke, Peter Ustinov, Ravi Shankar, Vaclav Havel and Deepak Chopra.

Joe Montville, an Esalen Institute figure and career diplomat claimed that Gorbachev’s new ideological directions were taken from cues developed at Esalen.[58]In the 1980s, Esalen founder Michael Murphy and his wife Dulce were instrumental in organizing the Soviet-American Exchange Program with Soviet citizen Joseph Goldin. Laurance Rockefeller provided seed funding. Murphy also noted that, through his long involvement with the Program, the role of Montville, a career foreign service officer, was to give an “unauthorized but symbolically very important blessing from the Department of State.”[59]

Murphy had made a total of four trips to the Soviet Union, in 1971, 1972, 1979, and 1980. The first two visits were privately organized, while on the last trip he came by invitation, indirectly, of the KGB, officially hosted by the faculty of American Studies at Moscow University.[60]While he was also pursuing research into Russian advances in parapsychology, Murphy and his wife, Dulce, met Jim Hickman, who had trained in psychology and traveled to the USSR in 1972. In that same year, Hickman traveled to Tbilisi, Georgia, to speak at a conference on Freud’s theory of the unconscious and there he encountered one of their most important connections, microbiologist and hypnotherapist Joseph Goldin. As Sarah Laskow remarked in “How a Famed New Age Retreat Center Helped End the Cold War,” “What had begun as a project to find common cause with Soviets around human potential grew to include this progressively more political mission.”[61]In 1982, Esalen and Goldin pioneered the first U.S.–Soviet Space Bridge, allowing Soviet and American citizens to speak directly with one another via satellite communication.

In 1979, Hickman had participated in channeling sessions at Esalen with The Nine, through medium Jenny O Conner, who was introduced to Werner Erhard through Puharich’s Lab Nine partner Sir John Whitmore.[62]Jack Sarfatti of Operation Stargate hinted that the Esalen-UFO connection at this time was significant. According to Sarfatti, “The fact remains, the iron post of observation that a bunch of apparently California New Age flakes into UFOs and psychic phenomena—including myself—had made their way into the highest levels of the American ruling class and the Soviet Union and today run the Gorbachev Foundation.”[63]

A former president of the exchange program was American author and theologian Jim Garrison, a member of the Institute for Noetic Science (IONS).[64] After Gorbachev stepped down, and effectively dissolved the Soviet Union, Garrison helped establish The State of the World Forum in 1995, with Gorbachev serving as chairman. According to Garrison, “Gorbachev believes we are giving birth to a new global civilization.”[65]The State of the World Forum, which has received funding from CIA fronts like the Ford and Rockefeller foundations, “was founded in 1995 with the purpose of working with partners worldwide to gather together the creative genius on the planet in a search for solutions to critical global challenges.”[66]

The Forum was a five-year process of consultation that would meet annually until the year 2000. About 500 people were expected to attend, including Milton Friedman, David Packard, Ted Turner, Jane Fonda, Jane Goodall, Carl Sagan, Saudi princes, Deepak Chopra, Bill Gates, George Bush and Margaret Thatcher. The decidedly New Agey direction of the Forum was exhibited by the presence of Willis Harman, Esalen co-founder Michael Murphy, Maurice Strong, and the respective leaders of Vietnamese, Mongolian, and Cambodian Buddhism. A member of the press was prompted to ask Gorbachev about the absence of Christian leaders. Zbigniew Brzezinski spoke up and answered, “I happen to know that President Gorbachev is a very good friend of the Pope -- and I am too.”[67]

Gorbachev himself endorsed the “Roerich idea,” which he wished to use to revitalize a Soviet ideology. Gorbachev and his wife Raisa, who grew up in the Altai region, enjoyed a warm relationship with Roerich’s younger son, the artist Sviatoslav. Roerich’s prestige was raised to unprecedented levels in 1987 when at a meeting with Sviatoslav, Gorbachev began speaking with approval about the “Roerich idea,” praising the Roerich family as “cultural pillars” and “outstanding representatives of our country.” In 1989, Gorbachev, supported by Sviatoslav and the academician Dmitrii Likhachev, the government’s chief adviser on cultural affairs, allocated funds for the creation of a Soviet Roerich Foundation to locate and gather Roerich’s art, manuscripts, and belongings, and a Center-Museum to stimulate Roerich studies.

Al Bore

Al Gore’s mentor was Senator Claiborne Pell, who as well was a member of the IONS. Also a member of the CFR, Pell was a very powerful figure in Washington, having served as Chairman of the Senate’s Foreign Relations Committee from 1987 to 1994. Pell was also a leading member of the Club of Rome as well as friend of Aurelio Peccei.[68]Pell was also a close friend of BCCI figure Clark Clifford. Pell shares with Gore an avid interest in the paranormal, with both having supported government-funded research into the matter. In 1989, Pell founded the Human Potential Foundation, with funding from Laurance Rockefeller.[69]

Pell’s aide was C.B. “Scott” Jones, a veteran of US Naval intelligence. C.B. Scott Jones has been the head of the CIA-connected Rockefeller Foundation for some time and chairs the American Society for Psychical Research (ASPR).[70]Jones worked in the private sector research and development community involved in the US government sponsored projects for the Defense Nuclear Agency (DNA), Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) and U.S. Army Intelligence and Security Command. He has briefed the President’s Scientific Advisory Committee, and has testified before the House and Senate committees on intelligence matters.[71] From 1985 to 1991, Jones was employed as a member of Pell’s staff for the stated purpose of studying paranormal phenomena, as reported in 1990 by The Washington Post.[72]

The Human Potential Foundation’s activities included the studies of the social effects of alien contact and the most effective methods for lobbying Congress.[73]Its employees included Dick Farley, who resigned over concern that the Council of Nine exercised increasing influence over politicians and decision-makers. He wrote that The Nine “maintain a working network of physicists and psychics, intelligence operatives and powerful billionaires, who are less concerned about their ‘source’ and its weirdness than they are about having every advantage and new data edge in what they believe is a battle for Earth itself.”[74]

Al Gore’s friend and hero is Douglas Coe, who was mentored by Billy Graham, and assumed control of The Fellowship in 1969.[75] In 2005, Coe was named one of the 25 most influential Evangelicals in the United States by Time magazine.[76] Coe cited one of his favorite scriptural verses, Matthew 18:20, “When two or three are gathered together in my name, there I am in the midst of them,” and remarked, “Hitler, Goebbels and Himmler were three men. Think of the immense power these three men had… But they bound themselves together in an agreement… Jesus said, ‘You have to put me before other people. And you have to put me before yourself.’ Hitler, that was the demand to be in the Nazi party. You have to put the Nazi party and its objectives ahead of your own life and ahead of other people.”[77]

Non Profit Industrial Complex

Artist Hiroyuki Hamada, explained the situation eloquently when he wrote:

What’s infuriating about manipulations by Non Profit Industrial Complex is that they harvest good will of the people, especially young people. They target those who were not given skills and knowledge to truly think for themselves by institutions which are designed to serve the ruling class. Capitalism operates systematically and structurally like a cage to raise domesticated animals. Those organizations and their projects which operate under false slogans of humanity in order to prop up the hierarchy of money and violence are fast becoming some of the most crucial elements of the invisible cage of corporatism, colonialism and militarism.[78]

As Peter Collier and David Horowitz reported in The Rockefellers, in the 1960s most of the family’s cousins used their wealth to fuel radical causes.[79]After John D. Rockefeller Jr.’s widow, Martha Baird Rockefeller, died in 1971, she left her $72 million estate to charity–including $10 million to the Rockefeller Family Fund. Laurance Rockefeller’s daughter Marion wrote in an internal memo for the other cousins, “The task as we see it is often to attack the very political and economic forces which perpetuate the tax deductible contribution… We think the Fund has an obligation to seek out organizations like American Friends Service Committee, Friends of the Earth, Pacifica stations, American Documentary Films et al. and support them regardless of their tax status.”[80]“The Rockefeller Family Fund, explains Martin Morse Wooster, “has been a consistently leftist funding vehicle ever since. And the cousins gradually rose in influence at the Rockefeller Brothers Fund, a transition marked by David Rockefeller Jr.’s succeeding his father as the fund’s chairman in 1983.”[81]

Part of the Rockefeller Brothers Fund’s grant-making went to environmental organizations that were fighting global warming. One of the fund’s program officers, Michael Northrop, spent 10 months in Europe in 2003 trying to create a network for state and local government officials interested in discussing anti-global warming regulation. This led to the creation of The Climate Group in 2004, which provides a forum for regulators to swap ideas. Among the other environmentalists to receive Rockefeller Brothers Fund grants in 2003 were the National Environmental Trust, the British branch of the World Wildlife Fund, and the Institute for Policy Studies (IPS).[82]

Both the Rockefeller Family Fund and the Wallace Global Fund provide substantial financial support to EarthRights International (ERI), the Washington, D.C.-based non-profit representing Boulder County, Boulder City and San Mateo County in their lawsuit against Suncor and ExxonMobil, the largest direct descendant of John D. Rockefeller’s Standard Oil Company.[83] In 2016, the Rockefeller Family Fund announced that it would divest holdings from fossil fuel companies. They would do so over time except in the case of ExxonMobil which was singled out “for immediate divestment because of its morally reprehensible conduct.”[84] Current members of the family have funded research on ExxonMobil using independent journalists, which claims to have found that the company knew about climate change for a long time but chose not to act upon it.[85] David Kaiser, a fifth-generation descendant of John D. Rockefeller, published an article outlining some findings of their investigation, showing extensive lobbying efforts by ExxonMobil against the Kyoto Protocol treaty.[86]

Green New Deal

And according to Stephen Schneider, a Stanford University scientist and co-author of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), who shared the 2007 Nobel Prize with former Vice President Al Gore:

…we need to get some broad based support, to capture the public's imagination.... So we have to offer up scary scenarios, make simplified, dramatic statements and make little mention of any doubts... Each of us has to decide what the right balance is between being effective and being honest.[87]

Al Gore is a member of the World Resources Institute (WRI), an enthusiastic proponent of Carbon Capture and Storage, an experimental technology aimed at reducing carbon emissions from coal-fired power stations. WRI was founded in 1982 by James Gustave Gus Speth who served as the Institute’s first president until January 1993. He is believed to be a member of the Council on Foreign Relations. Speth served as Administrator of the United Nations Sustainable Development Program (UNDP) from 1993 to 2000. He was the highest-ranking American in the UN system: “in effect the No. 2 job at the U.N. next to the secretary general.”[88]

Another member of WRI is Wren Wirth, who runs the Winslow Foundation which funds the Sunrise Movement. Wirth has long been engaged with her husband Tim Wirth in global population, climate, and environmental issues, accompanying him when he chaired the US Senate delegation to the Earth Summit in Rio in 1992, and when, as the first Undersecretary of State for Global Affairs at the State Department, he led the US delegation to the 1994 Cairo Conference on Population and Development. She presently serves as a Director of Island Press and the Worldwatch Institute. Island Press is a nonprofit, environmental publisher based in Washington, D.C., that specializes in natural history, ecology, conservation, and the built environment. Its network of authors include Paul Ehrlich, author of the 1968 best-seller The Population Bomb, whose publications have been a significant source of inspiration to the Club of Rome.[89]

The phrase “Green New Deal” was originally coined in a 2007 New York Times op-ed by Thomas Friedman, a three-time Pulitzer Prize winner, and later expanded on in a book, Hot, Flat and Crowded.[90]Friedman has written extensively on foreign affairs, global trade, the Middle East, globalization, and environmental issues. He has been criticized for his staunch advocacy of the Iraq War and unregulated trade, and his early support of Saudi Royal Prince Mohammed bin Salman. Journalist Glenn Greenwald and professor Noam Chomsky also accused Friedman of endorsing and encouraging terrorism by Israeli forces.[91]

Friedman’s all-out attempt to combat climate change is no different from actions championed by proponents of the theory of anthropogenic climate change, such as James Hansen, Michael Mann, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC) and numerous others.[92]This approach was subsequently taken up by the Green New Deal Group, which consisted of two former directors of Friends of the Earth, the Guardian’s economics editor, Larry Elliott, the Green Party MEP Caroline Lucas and Andrew Simms of the New Economics Foundation, among others. The concept was further popularized when on October 22, 2008, Achim Steiner—the Executive Director of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) founded by Maurice Strong—unveiled the Global Green New Deal initiative that aims to create jobs in “green” industries to boost the world economy while curbing climate change at the same time.[93]

Popularization of this concept is usually attributed to the 1988 speech to Congress by James Hansen, the former head of NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies, sometimes called the godfather of global warming science.[94] Hansen and Mikhail Gorbachev were speakers at the Club of Rome Global Assembly 2009, whose purpose was to write the Amsterdam Declaration, proposing key ingredients for a Global Green New Deal.[95] Although widely ridiculed, recent scientific reviews have been confirming the dire forecasts of The Limits to Growth. In 2009, American Scientist published a review by leading systems ecologists Prof. Charles Hall of State University of New York and Prof. John W Day of Louisiana State University, which concluded that while the limits-to-growth model’s “predictions of extreme pollution and population decline have not come true,” the model’s results are:

…almost exactly on course some 35 years later in 2008 (with a few appropriate assumptions)... it is important to recognise that its predictions have not been invalidated and in fact seem quite on target. We are not aware of any model made by economists that is as accurate over such a long time span.[96]

A number of other organizations have proposed Green New Deals. Examples include the Green New Deal Group, Data for Progress and Elected Officials to Protect America. It was then turned into an extensive plan by the Green Party of the United States. It was a key part of the platform of Green Party presidential candidate Jill Stein in 2012 and 2016, as well as Howie Hawkins, who helped to write it, in his campaign for governor of New York.

Representative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and Senator Ed Markey, who was Chairman of the House Select Committee on Energy Independence and Global Warming from 2007 to 2011, released a fourteen-page resolution for their Green New Deal on February 7, 2019. Markey is the Co-Chairman of the GLOBE International Commission on Climate & Energy Security, which has close links with the Club of Rome, whose Co-President, Ashok Khosla, is a member of Globe International and President of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). According to GLOBE’s website:

Without the burden of formal governmental negotiating positions, legislators have the freedom to push the boundaries of what can be politically achieved. GLOBE’s vision is to create a critical mass of legislators within each of the parliaments of the major economies that can agree common legislative responses to the major global environmental challenges and demonstrate to leaders that there is cross-party support for more ambitious action. All major government policy decisions should be consistent with climate change goals.[97]

Markey co-chaired the 2009 GLOBE Copenhagen Legislators Forum, which convened more than 100 cross-party legislators from the major economies in advance of the Conference of the Parties (COP 15) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Nancy Pelosi addressed the forum via a video link:

On behalf of the U.S. Congress, I bring greetings to my fellow lawmakers at the GLOBE Legislators' Forum in Copenhagen. Your gathering reflects a fundamental truth: the climate crisis knows no borders. It touches every family and community, every neighborhood and nation. This is not an issue that will be resolved overnight, nor can a single country fix the problem alone. It demands "action, and action now.[98]

Twenty years after delivering his landmark testimony to the US Senate, Hansen appeared June 23, 2008 before Markey’s committee, where he pleaded for a rapid transition away from carbon-based fuels to avoid total climate catastrophe, and harshly denounced those in the fossil fuel industries responsible for deliberately and methodically spreading untruths, thus dangerously delaying effective actions to avert global climatic catastrophe.[99] Markey said, “Dr. Hansen was right. Twenty years later, we recognize him as a climate prophet.”[100] Pelosi’s opening address to the 116th session of Congress Thursday, January 3, 2019 stated that she would be reinstituting the Select Committee on the Climate Crisis, and announcing:

We must also face the existential threat of our time: the climate crisis, a crisis manifested in natural disasters of epic proportions. The American people understand the urgency. The people are ahead of the Congress. The Congress must join them… The entire congress must work to put an end to the inaction and denial of science that threaten the planet and the future. This is a public health decision about clean air, clean water for our children’s health. It’s a decision for America’s global preeminence in the green technologies. It is a decision, a security decision to keep us all safe, and a moral decision to be good steward’s of God’s creation.[101]